Biology:Equine hepacivirus
| Equine hepacivirus | |
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Virus classification 
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| Missing taxonomy template (fix): | Orthohepacivirus |
| Species: | Orthohepacivirus equi
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| Synonyms | |
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Equine hepacivirus (EHV) is a positive-sense single-stranded RNA virus of the genus Orthohepacivirus.[2] EHV includes Canine hepacivirus (CHV).[3] It infects dogs and horses, and causes pulmonary infections in dogs. Unlike the related Hepatitis C virus, it is not known to cause hepatitis in either host.
History
The virus was isolated in 2011 from a number of dogs suffering from respiratory infections.[2] Later, distinct lineages were isolated from horses in different locations.[3]
Genome
As of 2012, the genome has not yet been fully sequenced. The available sequence is about 6,500 nucleotides in length. It is predicted to have a polyprotein that can be cleaved into 10 smaller proteins. There is a 'slippery sequence' – A5NNA5 – within the genome which may encode a programmed frameshift. It encodes two envelope proteins (E1 and E2) as well as cysteine and serine proteases.[2]
The overall G+C content is 50.7%.[2]
Evolution
The virus appears to have evolved from the Hepatitis C virus between 500 and 1,000 years ago.[2]
The equine lineages (EHV) are more diverse than the canine lineages (CHV), suggesting that the former are ancestral to the latter. CHV appears to have originated in a cross-species transmission from horses to dogs around 1970. The origin of EHV is not known, but it seems that both EHV and Hepatitis C virus have originated in separate cross-species transmission events from a common source.[3]
References
- ↑ "Taxon Details: Orthohepacivirus equi". International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses. https://ictv.global/taxonomy/taxondetails?taxnode_id=202503125&taxon_name=Orthohepacivirus%20equi.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 "Characterization of a canine homolog of hepatitis C virus". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 108 (28): 11608–13. 2011. doi:10.1073/pnas.1101794108. PMID 21610165. Bibcode: 2011PNAS..10811608K.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 "Hepacivirus cross-species transmission and the origins of the hepatitis C virus". Curr Opin Virol 16: 1–7. February 2016. doi:10.1016/j.coviro.2015.10.002. PMID 26517843.
Wikidata ☰ Q29006891 entry
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