Biology:Gap junction protein
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In biology, gap junction proteins are proteins that form gap junctions, which connect two neighboring cells. They are divided into two broad categories: pannexins and connexins.[1]
Overview
Gap junction proteins are present in many organisms, including all vertebrates, as well as chordates, tunicates, ascidians, and appendicularians.[2] Connexins were discovered first; the gap junction proteins of non-chordates (or innexins) were discovered later, and the proteins of chordates even later.[1] Pannexins are typically between 300 and 600 amino acids long.[1] By the standards of other proteins, gap junction proteins have very short turnover times and very flexible gene expression patterns.[3]
List
Gap junction α (GJA) proteins
- GJA1, Cx43, gap junction alpha-1 protein
- GJA2, Cx38, gap junction alpha-2 protein
- GJA3, Cx46, gap junction alpha-3 protein
- GJA4, Cx37, gap junction alpha-4 protein
- GJA5, Cx40, gap junction alpha-5 protein
- GJA6, Cx33 gap junction alpha-6 protein
- GJA7, Cx44.3-45.6, gap junction alpha-7 protein
- GJA8, Cx50, gap junction alpha-8 protein
- GJA9, Cx58, gap junction alpha-9 protein
- GJA10, Cx62, gap junction alpha-10 protein
- GJA11, Cx59, gap junction alpha-11 protein
- GJA12, Cx46.6, gap junction alpha-12 protein
Gap junction β (GJB) proteins
- GJB1, Cx32, gap junction beta-1 protein
- GJB2, Cx26, gap junction beta-2 protein
- GJB3, Cx31, gap junction beta-3 protein
- GJB4, Cx30.3, gap junction beta-4 protein
- GJB5, Cx31.1, gap junction beta-5 protein
- GJB6, Cx30, gap junction beta-6 protein
- GJB7, Cx25, gap junction beta-7 protein
Gap junction γ (GJC) proteins
- GJC1, Cx45.6, gap junction gamma-1 protein
- GJC2, Cx47, gap junction gamma-2 protein
- GJC3, Cx29, gap junction gamma-3 protein
Gap junction δ (GJD) proteins
- GJD1, Cx29, gap junction delta-1 protein
- GJD2, Cx36, gap junction delta-2 protein
- GJD3, Cx31.9, gap junction delta-3 protein
- GJD4, Cx40.1, gap junction delta-4 protein
Gap junction ε (GJE) proteins
- GJE1, Cx23, gap junction epsilon-1 protein
See also
- Tight junction protein
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Abascal, Federico; Zardoya, Rafael (2013-01-01). "Evolutionary analyses of gap junction protein families". Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Biomembranes. The Communicating junctions, roles and dysfunctions 1828 (1): 4–14. doi:10.1016/j.bbamem.2012.02.007. ISSN 0005-2736. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0005273612000582.
- ↑ Panchin, Yuri V. (2005-04-15). "Evolution of gap junction proteins – the pannexin alternative" (in en). Journal of Experimental Biology 208 (8): 1415–1419. doi:10.1242/jeb.01547. ISSN 1477-9145. https://journals.biologists.com/jeb/article/208/8/1415/16020/Evolution-of-gap-junction-proteins-the-pannexin.
- ↑ Spray, David C. (1998-09-21). "Gap Junction Proteins". Circulation Research 83 (6): 679–681. doi:10.1161/01.RES.83.6.679. https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/full/10.1161/01.RES.83.6.679.
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