Biology:Goniasteridae
| Goniasteridae | |
|---|---|
| |
| Pentagonaster duebeni | |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Echinodermata |
| Class: | Asteroidea |
| Order: | Valvatida |
| Family: | Goniasteridae Forbes, 1841 |
| Genera | |
|
See text | |
Goniasteridae (the biscuit stars) constitute the largest family of sea stars, included in the order Valvatida. They are mostly deep-dwelling species, but the family also include several colorful shallow tropical species.
Description
Goniasteridae are usually middle-sized sea stars with a characteristic double range of marginal plates bordering the disk and arms. Most of them have five arms, often short and triangular, around a broad central disc; many species are pentagonal or subpentagonal, covered densely with granular, seed-like protuberances, hence the name of the family "seed-star" (gonium+aster). The aboral face is often covered with tiny spines looking like paxillae. Pedicellariae are often valvate, and the gonads are located at the interradius.[1]
Main identification keys for this group include the presence of paxillae, granules, teeth, spines, or the shape and dimensions of marginal plate.[2]
Location and habitat
They occur predominantly on deep-water continental shelf habitats (but a part of them inhabit shallow waters)[3] in all the world's oceans, being the most diverse in the Indo-Pacific region.[4]
List of genera
About 260 extant species within 70 genera are currently known, which make this family the most diverse of all the sea stars,[5] even if half of the genera are monospecific. Species belonging to the Ferdininae subfamily have been imported from Ophidiasteridae thanks to a large revision of these two families in 2017[6]
According to World Register of Marine Species, this family includes the following genera:[7]
Akelbaster novaecaledoniae
Anthenoides piercei
Astroceramus eldredgei
Ceramaster granularis
Chitonaster johannae
Circeaster sandrae
Cladaster analogus
Eknomiaster beccae
Eratosaster jennae
Evoplosoma sp.
Eosaster nadiae
Ferdina flavescens
Kanakaster solidus
Paraferdina plakos
Fromia monilis
Gilbertaster caribaea
Glyphodiscus magnificus
Goniaster tessellatus
Hippasteria spinosa
`Mariaster giganteus
Milteliphaster woodmasoni
Nectria macrobrachia
Nymphaster arenatus
Peltaster placenta
Pawsonaster parvus
Pillsburiaster calvus
Plinthaster dentatus
Pseudoceramaster regularis
Rosaster sp.
Ryukuaster onnae
Sphaeriodiscus mirabilis
Stellaster childreni
Stellasteropsis fouadi
Sthenaster emmae
.jpg)
.jpg)
_01.jpg)
Extinct genera
.jpg)
Lists of genera containing extinct species according to fossilworks.[8]
References
- ↑ "Family Goniasteridae". http://species-identification.org/species.php?species_group=echinodermata&id=8&menuentry=groepen.
- ↑ "Family Goniasteridae". http://nzetc.victoria.ac.nz/tm/scholarly/tei-Vic24Zool-t1-body-d5-d5.html.
- ↑ Mah, Christopher L. (2015-03-05). "New species, corallivory, in situ video observations, and overview of the Goniasteridae (Valvatida, Asteroidea) in the Hawaiian region". Zootaxa 3926 (2): 211–228. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.3926.2.3. ISSN 1175-5334. PMID 25781779. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25781779/.
- ↑ Clark, A. M. An index of names of recent Asteroidea Part 2: Valvatida. Echinoderm Studies 4 (1993)
- ↑ Christopher Mah (23 April 2013). "How many starfish species are there ? Where do they Live ? How long have they been around ? Five Points about Sea Star Diversity". http://echinoblog.blogspot.fr/2013/04/how-many-starfish-species-are-there.html.
- ↑ Christopher Mah, "Overview of the Ferdina-like Goniasteridae (Echinodermata: Asteroidea) including a new subfamily, three new genera and fourteen new species", Zootaxa, vol. 4271, 2017.
- ↑ Christopher Mah (2014), Goniasteridae Forbes, 1841, In: Mah, C.L. (2014) World Asteroidea database, accessed through World Register of Marine Species
- ↑ "Fossilworks: Goniasteridae". http://www.fossilworks.org/cgi-bin/bridge.pl?a=taxonInfo&taxon_no=53913.
Wikidata ☰ Q2076886 entry
 |  |
