Biology:Gryllacrididae
| Gryllacrididae | |
|---|---|
| File:Silk-from-Crickets-A-New-Twist-on-Spinning-pone.0030408.s003.ogv | |
| Hyalogryllacris sp. fabricating silk | |
Scientific classification 
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| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Orthoptera |
| Suborder: | Ensifera |
| Superfamily: | Stenopelmatoidea |
| Family: | Gryllacrididae Blanchard, 1845 |
| Subfamilies | |
| Synonyms | |
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Gryllacridae | |
Gryllacrididae are a family of non-jumping insects in the suborder Ensifera occurring worldwide, known commonly as leaf-rolling crickets or raspy crickets. The family historically has been broadly defined to include what are presently several other families, such as Stenopelmatidae ("Jerusalem crickets") and Rhaphidophoridae ("camel crickets"),[1] now considered separate. As presently defined, the family contains two subfamilies: Gryllacridinae and Hyperbaeninae.[2] They are commonly wingless and nocturnal. In the daytime, most species rest in shelters made from folded leaves sewn with silk. Some species use silk to burrow in sand, earth or wood.[3] Raspy crickets evolved the ability to produce silk independently from other insects, but their silk has many convergent features to silkworm silk, being made of long, repetitive proteins with an extended beta-sheet structure.[4]
Subfamilies, tribes and selected genera
The Orthoptera Species File[2] lists two subfamilies:
Gryllacridinae
- tribe Ametrini Cadena-Castañeda, 2019
- Ametrus Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1888
- Apterolarnaca Gorochov, 2004
- tribe Ametroidini Cadena-Castañeda, 2019
- Ametroides Karny, 1928
- Glomeremus Karny, 1937
- tribe Eremini Cadena-Castañeda, 2019
- Eremus Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1888
- tribe Gryllacridini Blanchard, 1845
- Camptonotus Uhler, 1864
- Furcilarnaca Gorochov, 2004
- Gryllacris Serville, 1831 – type genus
- Larnaca (cricket) Walker, 1869
Hyperbaeninae
- tribe Asarcogryllacridini Cadena-Castañeda, 2019
- Asarcogryllacris Karny, 1937
- Zalarnaca Gorochov, 2005
- tribe Capnogryllacridini Cadena-Castañeda, 2019
- Capnogryllacris Karny, 1937 (synonym Marthogryllacris Karny, 1937)
- Woznessenskia Gorochov, 2002
- tribe Hyperbaenini Cadena-Castañeda, 2019
- Hyperbaenus Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1888 – type genus for subfamily
- tribe Paragryllacridini Cadena-Castañeda, 2019
- Paragryllacris Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1888
- tribe Phryganogryllacridini Cadena-Castañeda, 2019
- Phryganogryllacris Karny, 1937
Fossil taxa (unplaced)
- Plesiolarnaca †
- Pseudogryllacris †
- Xenogryllacris † - X. reductus Riek, 1955
Note: The genus Lezina of the subfamily Lezininae is now placed in the family Anostostomatidae.
References
- ↑ Desutter-Grandcolas, L. (2003). "Phylogeny and the evolution of acoustic communication in extant Ensifera (Insecta, Orthoptera)". Zoologica Scripta 32 (6): 525–561. doi:10.1046/j.1463-6409.2003.00142.x. http://www.mnhn.fr/oseb/Desutter/Desutter_fichiers/2003/Desutter-Grandcolas_ZoolScr2003.pdf.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Orthoptera Species File: family Gryllacrididae Blanchard, 1845 (version 5.0: retrieved 19 July 2019)
- ↑ Rentz, D.C.F.; John, B. (1990). "Studies in Australian Gryllacrididae: taxonomy, biology, ecology and cytology". Invertebrate Taxonomy 3 (8): 1052–1210. doi:10.1071/IT9891053. http://www.publish.csiro.au/paper/IT9891053.htm.
- ↑ "Silk from Crickets: A New Twist on Spinning". PLOS ONE 7 (2): e30408. 2012. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0030408. PMID 22355311. Bibcode: 2012PLoSO...730408W.
External links
- Lockwood, Jeffrey A. (January–February 2006). "The Nature of Violence". Orion Magazine. http://www.orionmagazine.org/index.php/articles/article/2810/. Article discussing Gryllacrididae and its behavior
Wikidata ☰ Q1189822 entry
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