Biology:Gunnera hamiltonii
| Gunnera hamiltonii | |
|---|---|
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| Gunnera hamiltonii at the Rakiura National Park | |
Scientific classification 
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| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Eudicots |
| Order: | Gunnerales |
| Family: | Gunneraceae |
| Genus: | Gunnera |
| Species: | G. hamiltonii
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| Binomial name | |
| Gunnera hamiltonii Kirk
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Gunnera hamiltonii is a creeping herbaceous plant in the family Gunneraceae that is endemic to the South Island and Stewart Island of New Zealand. It has clusters of small (2 to 7 cm) grey-brown leaves forming a dense mat. Small yellow flowers are followed by red berries in the autumn.
Taxonomy
Gunnera hamiltonii is a creeping herbaceous plant in the family Gunneraceae.[1][2] It was described in 1888 by New Zealand botanist Thomas Kirk in an article by Southland resident William Stewart Hamilton, for whom the species is named.[3][4]
Description
Gunnera hamiltonii is a creeping herbaceous plant with clusters of small (2 to 7 cm) grey-brown leaves forming a dense mat. It has small yellow flowers and fruits that are red berries.[2][5]
Distribution and habitat
G. hamiltonii is endemic to New Zealand, found in Southland, South Island and Stewart Island / Rakiura.[6] It is found in damp sand in coastal, sparsely vegetated dune slacks and swales.[2][3]
Conservation status
It is classified as "Threatened - Nationally Critical" in the New Zealand Threatened Classification System, with the qualifiers CD (Conservation Dependent), RR (Range Restricted), and RF (Recruitment Failure).[7][8]
It is one of the rarest plants in New Zealand, with only five suspected remaining natural habitats. Natural fertilisation of these plants is now difficult as the male and female plants are separate. There was no fruit or seed produced in wild populations studied in 1996.[9]
References
- ↑ "Gunnera hamiltonii Kirk". Manaaki Whenua Landcare Research. http://www.nzor.org.nz/names/952d22be-cbb8-4c45-89f9-db75bdd7f464.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 "Gunnera hamiltonii" (in en). https://www.nzpcn.org.nz/flora/species/gunnera-hamiltonii/.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 "Gunnera hamiltonii". https://www.southlandcommunitynursery.org.nz/site/assets/files/1086/gunnera_hamiltonii.pdf.
- ↑ Hamilton, William Stewart (1885). "Art. XXXV.—Notes on the Occurrence and Habits of some of our New Zealand Plants" (in English). Transactions and Proceedings of the Royal Society of New Zealand 17: 290–293. https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q130753782.
- ↑ "Flora of New Zealand | Taxon Profile | Gunnera hamiltonii". https://www.nzflora.info/factsheet/taxon/Gunnera-hamiltonii.html.
- ↑ Webb, Colin; Webb, T. H. (1976-12-01). "Gunnera hamiltonii in Stewart Island, New Zealand". New Zealand Journal of Botany 14 (4): 361–363. doi:10.1080/0028825X.1976.10428911. https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q124446161.
- ↑ "Gunnera hamiltonii - NZTCS". https://nztcs.org.nz/assessments/111492.
- ↑ Lange, Peter de; Gosden, Jane L.; Courtney, Shannel P.; Fergus, Alexander J. F.; Barkla, John; Beadel, Sarah M.; Champion, Paul D.; Hindmarsh-Walls, Rowan et al. (2024-10-01). "Conservation status of vascular plants in Aotearoa New Zealand, 2023" (in English). New Zealand Threat Classification Series 43: 1–105. ISSN 2324-1713. https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q130392985.
- ↑ Webb, Colin (1996). "Seed production in Gunnera hamiltonii". Conservation Advisory Sciertte Notes 133. https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q124446143.
External links
- Environment Southland factsheet - see sidebar
- Photo of cultivated Gunnera hamiltonii
- New Zealand Duneland Ecology - includes photo of wild Gunnera hamiltonii
Wikidata ☰ Q5619214 entry
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