Biology:HLA-DQ5
Template:Infobox heteroisoform
HLA-DQ5 (DQ5) is a human leukocyte antigen serotype subgroup within HLA-DQ(DQ) serotypes. The serotype is determined by the antibody recognition of β5.x subset of DQ β-chains. The β-chain of DQ is encoded by HLA-DQB1 locus and DQ5 are encoded by the HLA-DQB1*05 allele group. This group currently contains 4 common alleles, DQB1*0501, *0502, *0503, and *0504. HLA-DQ5 and HLA-DQB1*05 are almost synonymous in meaning. DQ5 β-chains combine with α-chains, encoded by genetically linked HLA-DQA1 alleles, to form the cis-haplotype isoforms. These isoforms, are all HLA-DQ1 encoded by the DQA1*01 allele group.
Serology
| DQB1* | DQ5 | DQ1 | DQ6 | Sample |
| allele | % | % | % | size (N) |
| Template:HQBA | 69 | 20 | 2 | 5536 |
| Template:HQBA | 48 | 24 | 15 | 919 |
| Template:HQBA | 58 | 22 | 4 | 1327 |
| Template:HQBA | 59 | 17 | 2 | 48 |
| Red indicates the level of 'false' reaction in non-DQ5 serotypes | ||||
The efficiency of DQ1 recognition relative to DQ5 and DQ6 is listed above. Since DQ1 recognizes alpha, the DQ5 and DQ6 recognition are to beta chain. Meaning that DQ1 is corecognized with DQ5 and DQ6. Efficient recognition of a genotyped allele approaches 100%. Compared to DQ2 serotyping of DQB1*0201 positive individuals (98%), the efficiency of DQ5 recognition is relatively low and error prone.
While DQ5 recognizes DQB1*05 alleles more efficiently than DQ1, the serotyping is rather poor method of typing for transplantation or disease association prediction or study.
Disease associations
By serotype
DQ5 is negatively associated with (protective against) idiopathic nephrotic syndrome in Polish children,[2] and adrenocortical failure (Addison's disease).[3]
A study on the relationship between HLA-DR, DQ antigen, and intracranial aneurysm in the Han nationality show DQ5 more likely,[4] AIDP type of Guillain Barré syndrome,[5] and irritable bowel disease [6] but not crohn's disease in the same (Jewish) population. Other studies show DQ5 is associated with extra-intestinal manifestations of Crohn's.[7]
DQ5 is shown to be associated with increased risk of gastric mucosal atrophy in Helicobacter pylori infected subjects.[8]
DQ5 appears to be associated with analgesic intolerance.[9]
By haplotype
MuSK antibody-positive myasthenia gravis HLA-DR14-DQ5,[10] probably DRB1*1402 : DQA1*0104 : DQB1*0503 (DR14-DQ5). DR1-DQ5 is associated with sensitivity to acid anhydrides.[11]
References
- ↑ derived from IMGT/HLA
- ↑ "Idiopathic nephrotic syndrome in Polish children - its variants and associations with HLA". Pediatr. Nephrol. 21 (12): 1837–46. 2006. doi:10.1007/s00467-006-0271-7. PMID 16967287.
- ↑ "Autoimmune adrenocortical failure in Norway autoantibodies and human leukocyte antigen class II associations related to clinical features". J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 87 (2): 618–23. 2002. doi:10.1210/jc.87.2.618. PMID 11836294.
- ↑ "A study on the relationship between HLA-DR, DQ antigen, and intracranial aneurysm in the Han nationality". Surgical Neurology 66 (Suppl 1): S25–8; discussion S28–9. 2006. doi:10.1016/j.surneu.2006.06.048. PMID 16904993.
- ↑ "[The association between HLA typing and different subtypes of Guillain Barré syndrome]" (in zh). Zhonghua Nei Ke Za Zhi 41 (6): 381–3. 2002. PMID 12137599.
- ↑ "HLA class II haplotype associations with inflammatory bowel disease in Jewish (Ashkenazi) and non-Jewish caucasian populations". Hum. Immunol. 61 (3): 326–33. 2000. doi:10.1016/S0198-8859(99)00134-2. PMID 10689124.
- ↑ "Investigation of the association of major histocompatibility complex genes, including HLA class I, class II and TAP genes, with clinical forms of Crohn's disease". Eur. J. Immunogenet. 23 (2): 141–51. 1996. doi:10.1111/j.1744-313X.1996.tb00275.x. PMID 8732477.
- ↑ Beales IL, Davey NJ, Pusey CD, Lechler RI, Calam J (1995). "Long-term sequelae of Helicobacter pylori gastritis.". Lancet 346 (8971): 381–2. doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(95)92263-6. PMID 7623555. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=7623555.
- ↑ "Analgesic intolerance with or without bronchial asthma: is there a marker?". Journal of Investigational Allergology and Clinical Immunology 13 (3): 162–9. 2003. PMID 14635465.
- ↑ "Strong association of MuSK antibody-positive myasthenia gravis and HLA-DR14-DQ5". Neurology 66 (11): 1772–4. 2006. doi:10.1212/01.wnl.0000218159.79769.5c. PMID 16769963.
- ↑ "Association of HLA-DQ5 and HLA-DR1 with sensitization to organic acid anhydrides". Clin. Exp. Allergy 34 (5): 812–6. 2004. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2222.2004.1956.x. PMID 15144476.
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