Biology:HLA-DR4

From HandWiki
Illustration of an HLA-DR (Human MHC class II) antigen receptor with bound antigen
human major histocompatibility complex, class II, DR4
Haplotypes groups DRA*01:DRB1*04:01 to DRA*01:DRB1*04:13
Structure (See HLA-DR)
Identifiers
alpha *01:01
Symbol(s) HLA-DRA[yes|permanent dead link|dead link}}]
EBI-HLA DRA*01:01
Identifiers
beta 1 *04:01 to *04:13
Symbol(s) HLA-DRB1[yes|permanent dead link|dead link}}]
EBI-HLA DRB1*04:01
EBI-HLA DRB1*04:02
EBI-HLA DRB1*04:03
EBI-HLA DRB1*04:04
EBI-HLA DRB1*04:05
EBI-HLA DRB1*04:06
EBI-HLA DRB1*04:07
EBI-HLA DRB1*04:08
EBI-HLA DRB1*04:09
EBI-HLA DRB1*0410
EBI-HLA DRB1*0411
EBI-HLA DRB1*0412
EBI-HLA DRB1*0413
Shared data
Locus chr.6 6p21.31

HLA-DR4 (DR4) is an HLA-DR serotype that recognizes the DRB1*04 gene products. The DR4 serogroup is large and has a number of moderate frequency alleles spread over large regions of the world.

Serology

DR4 serological recognition of the gene products of some DRB1*04 alleles[1]
DRB1* DR4 Sample
allele % size (N)
04:01 98 5118
04:02 92 1029
04:03 92 748
04:04 89 2164
04:05 91 505
04:06 89 83
04:07 86 846
04:08 86 258
04:09 95 13
04:10 84 29
04:11 93 76
04:12 >50 1
04:13 >30 3

The serological identification of DR4 is good. The serology of DRB1*04:17 to *04:60 is unknown.

Disease associations

By serotype

DR4 is associated with extraarticular[2] rheumatoid arthritis,[3] hydralazine-induced female systemic lupus erythematosus,[4] pemphigoid gestationis,[5] pemphigus foliaceus,[6] obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy,[7] IgA nephropathy,[8] 'shared syndrome'-systemic sclerosis/rheumatoid arthritis[9] and polymyalgia rheumatica.[10]

By allele

DRB1*04 is associated with increased risk for alopecia areata.[11]

DRB1*04:01 is associated with multiple sclerosis,[12] rheumatoid arthritis,[13] type 1 diabetes,[14][15] lyme disease induced arthritis.[16] HLA-DRB1*04:01 gene variant is found three times more often in asymptomatic carriers of SARS-CoV-2 than in patients with symptoms of COVID-19. It is known that the prevalence of the HLA-DRB1*04:01 variant directly correlates with the latitude and longitude of the population. This variant of the gene is more common in northern and western Europe, which means that people of European descent are more likely to be asymptomatic carriers that can transmit the disease to more susceptible populations.[17]

DRB1*04:02: drug-triggered[18]/idiopathic pemphigus vulgaris,[19][20] type 1 diabetes,[15] SLE associated anti-cardiolipin and anti-β2 glycoprotein I.[21]

DRB1*04:03: polycystic ovary syndrome,[22] SLE associated anti-cardiolipin and anti-β2 glycoprotein I.[23]

DRB1*04:04: anti-citrullinated fibrinogen[24] in rheumatoid arthritis,[13] autoimmune hepatitis.[25]

DRB1*04:05: rheumatoid arthritis,[26] Autoimmune hepatitis,[27] type 1 diabetes.[14][15]

DRB1*04:06: caspase-8 autoantibodies silicosis-systemic sclerosis (SSc)-systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).[28]

DRB1*04:09: T. cruzi infection with cardiomyopathy.[29]

By haplotype

DR4-DQ8 is a risk factor for papillary thyroid carcinoma,[30] juvenile diabetes, coeliac disease and rheumatoid arthritis.[31]

DRB1*04:DQA1*03:03-DQB1*04:01 haplotype: type III autoimmune polyglandular syndrome,[32] autoimmune hepatitis,[33] autoimmune pancreatitis.[34]

DRB1*04:DQA1*03-DQB1*03:02 haplotype: Type 1 diabetes[35][36] with DRB1*04:01, *04:05, *04:02 increasing risk when DQ8 is present.[37]

By genotype

DRB1*01:01/*04:04 and *01:01/*04:01 increases risk of mortality in rheumatoid arthritis, with ischemic heart disease and smoking.[38] these same genotypes are associated with rheumatoid vasculitis.[39]

Genetic linkage

DR4 Haplotypes
Serotypes DRA DRB1 DRB4
DR4-DR53 *01:01 *04:01 *01:03
*01:01 *04:02 *01
*01:01 *04:03 *01
*01:01 *04:04 *01
*01:01 *04:05 *01
Serotypes DQA1 DQB1 DRB1
DR4-DQ7 (7.3, 3) *03:03 *03:01 *04:01
DR4-DQ7 (8.1, 3) *03:01 *03:02 *04:01
*03:01 *03:02 *04:02
*03:01 *03:02 *04:04
DR4-DQ4 (4.3) *03:03 *04:01 *04:05
Serotypes HLA-A HLA-C HLA-B DRB1
A2-Cw10-B62(15)-DR4 *02:01 *03:04 *1501 *04:01
A2-Cw10-B60(40)-DR4 *02:01 *03:04 *4001 *04:02
A2-Cw5-B44(16)-DR4 *02:01 *05:01 *44:02 *04:01

References

  1. ↑ derived from IMGT/HLA
  2. ↑ Roudier J (2006). "HLA-DRB1 genes and extraarticular rheumatoid arthritis". Arthritis Research & Therapy 8 (1): 103. doi:10.1186/ar1886. PMID 16542468. 
  3. ↑ Winchester R (1981). "Genetic aspects of rheumatoid arthritis". Springer Semin Immunopathol 4 (2): 89–102. doi:10.1007/BF01857089. PMID 6459655. 
  4. ↑ "Hydralazine-induced systemic lupus erythematosus: influence of HLA-DR and sex on susceptibility". Lancet 1 (8178): 1107–9. 1980. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(80)91554-8. PMID 6103441. 
  5. ↑ "Class II MHC typing in pemphigoid gestationis". Clinical and Experimental Dermatology 20 (2): 123–6. 1995. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2230.1995.tb02668.x. PMID 8565245. 
  6. ↑ "HLA-DR antigens in pemphigus among Japanese". Tissue Antigens 17 (2): 238–9. 1981. doi:10.1111/j.1399-0039.1981.tb00689.x. PMID 7233418. 
  7. ↑ "HLA-DR specificities among Japanese with several autoimmune diseases". Tissue Antigens 19 (2): 129–33. 1982. doi:10.1111/j.1399-0039.1982.tb01428.x. PMID 6954729. 
  8. ↑ "Strong association between IgA nephropathy and HLA-DR4 antigen". Kidney Int 22 (4): 377–82. 1982. doi:10.1038/ki.1982.185. PMID 6217371. 
  9. ↑ "Systemic sclerosis-rheumatoid arthritis overlap syndrome: a unique combination of features suggests a distinct genetic, serological and clinical entity". Rheumatology 46 (6): 989–93. 2007. doi:10.1093/rheumatology/kem021. PMID 17384178. 
  10. ↑ Page 255 in: Elizabeth D Agabegi; Agabegi, Steven S. (2008). Step-Up to Medicine (Step-Up Series). Hagerstwon, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. ISBN 978-0-7817-7153-5. https://archive.org/details/stepuptomedicine0000agab. 
  11. ↑ "Investigation of the HLA-DRB1 locus in alopecia areata". European Journal of Dermatology 16 (4): 363–7. 2006. PMID 16935791. 
  12. ↑ "Multiple sclerosis and autoimmune diseases : Epidemiology and HLA-DR association in North-east Italy". J Neurol 253 (5): 636–9. 2006. doi:10.1007/s00415-006-0084-4. PMID 16502215. 
  13. ↑ 13.0 13.1 "Analysis of HLA DP, DQ, and DR alleles in adult Italian rheumatoid arthritis patients". Hum Immunol 34 (2): 135–41. 1992. doi:10.1016/0198-8859(92)90039-P. PMID 1429034. 
  14. ↑ 14.0 14.1 "Genes for insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) of African-Americans". Tissue Antigens 41 (2): 57–64. 1993. doi:10.1111/j.1399-0039.1993.tb01980.x. PMID 8475491. 
  15. ↑ 15.0 15.1 15.2 "HLA-encoded genetic predisposition in IDDM: DR4 subtypes may be associated with different degrees of protection". Diabetes 46 (1): 143–9. 1997. doi:10.2337/diabetes.46.1.143. PMID 8971095. 
  16. ↑ "Identification of LFA-1 as a candidate autoantigen in treatment-resistant Lyme arthritis". Science 281 (5377): 703–6. 1998. doi:10.1126/science.281.5377.703. PMID 9685265. Bibcode: 1998Sci...281..703G. 
  17. ↑ "The influence of HLA genotype on the severity of COVID-19 infection". HLA 98 (1): 14–22. 2021. doi:10.1111/tan.14284. PMID 33896121. 
  18. ↑ "Identical HLA class II alleles predispose to drug-triggered and idiopathic pemphigus vulgaris". Acta Derm Venereol 75 (1): 12–4. 1995. doi:10.2340/00015555751214. PMID 7747528. 
  19. ↑ "HLA-DRB1*0402 haplotypes without DQB1*0302 in Venezuelan patients with pemphigus vulgaris". Tissue Antigens 69 (4): 318–325. 2007. doi:10.1111/j.1399-0039.2007.00826.x. PMID 17389015. 
  20. ↑ "Disease relevant HLA class II alleles isolated by genotypic, haplotypic, and sequence analysis in North American Caucasians with pemphigus vulgaris". Hum Immunol 67 (1–2): 125–39. 2006. doi:10.1016/j.humimm.2005.09.003. PMID 16698434. 
  21. ↑ "HLA class II alleles associations of anticardiolipin antibodies". Lupus 9 (1): 47–55. 2000. doi:10.1177/096120330000900109. PMID 10715100. 
  22. ↑ "Studies on the human leukocyte antigens in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome in a Japanese population--possible susceptibility of HLA-A11 and -DRB1*0403 to patient population with polycystic ovary syndrome". Am J Reprod Immunol 55 (4): 301–6. 2006. doi:10.1111/j.1600-0897.2006.00369.x. PMID 16533342. 
  23. ↑ "HLA class II alleles associations of anticardiolipin and anti-beta2GPI antibodies in a large series of European patients with systemic lupus erythematosus". Lupus 9 (1): 47–55. 2000. doi:10.1177/096120330000900109. PMID 10715100. 
  24. ↑ "Influence of HLA-DR genes on the production of rheumatoid arthritis-specific autoantibodies to citrullinated fibrinogen". Arthritis Rheum 52 (11): 3424–32. 2005. doi:10.1002/art.21391. PMID 16255019. 
  25. ↑ "MHC class II sequences of susceptibility and protection in Mexicans with autoimmune hepatitis". J Hepatol 28 (6): 985–90. 1998. doi:10.1016/S0168-8278(98)80347-4. PMID 9672174. 
  26. ↑ "HLA-DRB1 association in Saudi rheumatoid arthritis patients". Rheumatol Int 26 (11): 1019–24. 2006. doi:10.1007/s00296-006-0119-2. PMID 16673133. 
  27. ↑ "A possible association between basic amino acids of position 13 of DRB1 chains and autoimmune hepatitis". Immunogenetics 36 (1): 49–55. 1992. doi:10.1007/BF00209292. PMID 1350267. 
  28. ↑ "Anti-caspase-8 autoantibody response in silicosis patients is associated with HLA-DRB1, DQB1 and DPB1 alleles". J Occup Health 47 (1): 61–7. 2005. doi:10.1539/joh.47.61. PMID 15703453. 
  29. ↑ "HLA class II DRB1 polymorphism in Argentinians undergoing chronic Trypanosoma cruzi infection". Ann. Clin. Biochem. 43 (Pt 3): 214–6. 2006. doi:10.1258/000456306776865205. PMID 16704757. 
  30. ↑ "Association of HLA DQ4-DR8 haplotype with papillary thyroid carcinomas". Clin. Endocrinol. 64 (2): 179–83. 2006. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2265.2006.02445.x. PMID 16430717. 
  31. ↑ "HLA-D region genes and rheumatoid arthritis (RA): importance of DR and DQ genes in conferring susceptibility to RA". Ann Rheum Dis 51 (1): 23–8. 1992. doi:10.1136/ard.51.1.23. PMID 1371662. 
  32. ↑ "Susceptibility alleles and haplotypes of human leukocyte antigen DRB1, DQA1, and DQB1 in autoimmune polyglandular syndrome type III in Japanese population". Horm Res 64 (5): 253–60. 2005. doi:10.1159/000089293. PMID 16254435. 
  33. ↑ "Genetic analysis of the HLA region of Japanese patients with type 1 autoimmune hepatitis". J Hepatol 42 (4): 578–84. 2005. doi:10.1016/j.jhep.2004.12.019. PMID 15763345. https://soar-ir.repo.nii.ac.jp/?action=repository_action_common_download&item_id=4053&item_no=1&attribute_id=65&file_no=1. 
  34. ↑ "HLA DRB10405-DQB10401 haplotype is associated with autoimmune pancreatitis in the Japanese population". Gastroenterology 122 (5): 1264–9. 2002. doi:10.1053/gast.2002.33022. PMID 11984513. 
  35. ↑ "Closer association of IA-2 humoral autoreactivity with HLA DR3/4 than DQB1*0201/*0302 in Korean T1D patients". Ann N Y Acad Sci 1037 (1): 104–9. 2004. doi:10.1196/annals.1337.015. PMID 15699500. Bibcode: 2004NYASA1037..104P. 
  36. ↑ "HLA DR-DQ-encoded genetic determinants of childhood-onset type 1 diabetes in Finland: an analysis of 622 nuclear families". Tissue Antigens 62 (2): 162–9. 2003. doi:10.1034/j.1399-0039.2003.00071.x. PMID 12889996. 
  37. ↑ "Relative predispositional effects of HLA class II DRB1-DQB1 haplotypes and genotypes on type 1 diabetes: a meta-analysis". Tissue Antigens 70 (2): 110–27. 2007. doi:10.1111/j.1399-0039.2007.00867.x. PMID 17610416. 
  38. ↑ "Association of DRB1 shared epitope genotypes with early mortality in rheumatoid arthritis: results of eighteen years of followup from the early rheumatoid arthritis study". Arthritis Rheum. 56 (5): 1408–16. 2007. doi:10.1002/art.22527. PMID 17469097. 
  39. ↑ "Particular HLA-DRB1 shared epitope genotypes are strongly associated with rheumatoid vasculitis". Arthritis Rheum. 50 (11): 3476–84. 2004. doi:10.1002/art.20588. PMID 15529352. 



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