Biology:Harmochirus
Harmochirus is a genus of the spider family Salticidae (jumping spiders).[1]
Distribution
Nine of the described species are found in Asia from Pakistan to Japan and Indonesia. The remaining three live in different parts of Africa.[1]
Life style
H. brachiatus is found on flowers and buds, as well as on the tips of leaves. The spiders are also occasionally found on walls, bark and on the ground.[2]
Description
The carapace is somewhat cube shaped and fairly high, with a level cephalic region and almost vertical thorax and sides. The carapace is a broad oval, slightly longer than wide, and has a fairly wide, truncate posterior margin.[2]
The abdomen is very broad, oval, and almost circular. Legs are long, and the femora, patellae, and tibiae of leg I are massive, while all the other segments are slender and shiny. There are fringes on the swollen segments of leg I, erect club shaped setae dorsally and ventrally on tibia I, and numerous spines are present ventrally on tibia and metatarsus I.[2]
Taxonomy
This small genus is very close to Bianor; it seems to replace it where Bianor itself is missing, especially in rainforest habitats.[3]
Species
-
female H. brachiatus -
H. insulanus -
H. luculentus -
H. zabkai
As of October 2025[update], this genus includes twelve species:[1]
- Harmochirus ahmedi Biswas, 2016 – Bangladesh
- Harmochirus bianoriformis (Strand, 1907) – Central, East Africa, Madagascar
- Harmochirus brachiatus (Thorell, 1877) – India, Bhutan, Bangladesh, China, Taiwan, Korea, Thailand, Vietnam, Malaysia, Indonesia (type species)
- Harmochirus duboscqi (Berland & Millot, 1941) – Ivory Coast, Senegal
- Harmochirus exaggeratus Caleb & Mathai, 2015 – India
- Harmochirus insulanus (Kishida, 1914) – China, Korea, Japan, Vietnam
- Harmochirus lloydi Narayan, 1915 – India
- Harmochirus luculentus Simon, 1886 – Sub-Saharan Africa, Zanzibar, Yemen
- Harmochirus maijdiensis Biswas, 2024 – Bangladesh
- Harmochirus pineus Xiao & Wang, 2005 – China
- Harmochirus tikaderi Biswas & Raychaudhuri, 2019 – Bangladesh
- Harmochirus zabkai Logunov, 2001 – Pakistan, India, Sri Lanka, Nepal, Laos, Vietnam
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 "Gen. Harmochirus Simon, 1886". World Spider Catalog. doi:10.24436/2. https://wsc.nmbe.ch/genus/2678. Retrieved 2025-10-09.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Dippenaar-Schoeman, A.S.; Van der Walt, V.; Haddad, C.R.; Foord, S.H.; Lotz, L.N. (2025). The Salticidae of South Africa. Part 2 (E-Ha). Version 1. South African National Survey of Arachnida Photo Identification Guide. p. 57. doi:10.5281/zenodo.15266589.
This article incorporates text available under the CC BY 4.0 license.
- ↑ Murphy, Frances; Murphy, John (2000). An Introduction to the Spiders of South East Asia. Kuala Lumpur: Malaysian Nature Society. ISBN 978-983-9681-17-8.
Further reading
- Logunov D.V. (2001). "A redefinition of the genera Bianor Peckham & Peckham, 1885 and Harmochirus Simon, 1885, with the establishment of a new genus Sibianor gen. n. (Araneae: Salticidae)". Arthropoda Selecta 9(4): 221-286.
External links
- {{Inaturalist taxon}} template missing ID and not present in Wikidata.
Wikidata ☰ Q1538404 entry
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