Biology:Herteliana

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Herteliana is a genus of lichen-forming fungi. It contains four species of crustose lichens.

Taxonomy

The genus was circumscribed by the lichenologist Peter Wilfred James in 1980.[1] The genus name honours the German teacher and lichenologist Hannes Hertel.[2]

James originally classified the genus in the family Lecideaceae,[2] but it has since been included in the Ramalinaceae (2017),[3][4] and, more recently (2022), in the Cladoniaceae.[5] This is because in 2014, it was shown using molecular phylogenetics that Herteliana taylorii grouped together in a clade with Squamarina, and should thus be excluded from the Ramalinaceae and transferred elsewhere in the Lecanorales; the authors concomitantly recommended resurrecting the family Squamarinaceae (originally proposed by Josef Hafellner in 1984[6]) to contain Herteliana and Squamarina.[7] In 2018, Kraichuk and colleagues proposed to fold the Squamarinaceae into the Cladoniaceae,[8] a taxonomic suggestion that had been accepted by later authors.[3]

The original type species assigned by James, H. taylorii, is now considered synonymous with H. gagei.[9]

Description

The thallus (the body of the lichen) of Herteliana is crust-like. The apothecia (fruiting bodies) can be either embedded within the thallus or sit directly on its surface, are spherical ([[Glossary of lichen terms#{{biology:{1}}}|{{Biology:{1}}}]]), and have a distinct margin. The [[Glossary of lichen terms#{{biology:{1}}}|{{Biology:{1}}}]] (the outer layer of the apothecium) is made up of tightly packed cells that resemble plant tissue ([[Glossary of lichen terms#{{biology:{1}}}|{{Biology:{1}}}]]). The [[Glossary of lichen terms#{{biology:{1}}}|{{Biology:{1}}}]](the layer below the spore-producing area) extends significantly and forms a root-like structure, and is nearly colourless.[1]

The paraphyses (sterile filaments within the apothecia) have swollen tips, are mostly unbranched, but sometimes they branch and reconnect. The asci (spore-producing sacs) resemble those in the genus Lecanora and typically contain eight spores. The [[Glossary of lichen terms#{{biology:{1}}}|{{Biology:{1}}}]] are broadly spindle-shaped, [[Glossary of lichen terms#{{biology:{1}}}|{{Biology:{1}}}]] (not divided by septa), and colourless.[1]

The pycnidia (structures that produce asexual spores) are embedded in the thallus, and the conidia (asexual spores) are formed at the tips, are sickle-shaped, simple, and colourless.[1]

Species

  • Herteliana alaskensis (Nyl.) S.Ekman (1996)[10]
  • Herteliana australis Fryday (2004)[11] – New Zealand Subantarctic Islands
  • Herteliana gagei (Sm.) J.R.Laundon (2005)[12]
  • Herteliana schuyleriana Lendemer (2016)[13] – northeastern North America

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 Hawksworth, D.L.; James, P.W.; Coppins, B.J. (1980). "Checklist of British lichen-forming, lichenicolous and allied fungi". The Lichenologist 12 (1): 1–115 [106]. doi:10.1017/s0024282980000035. 
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Hertel, Hannes (2012) (in de). Gattungseponyme bei Flechten und Lichenicolen Pilzen. Bibliotheca Lichenologica. 107. Stuttgart: J. Cramer. p. 51. ISBN 978-3-443-58086-5. 
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 Lücking, Robert; Hodkinson, Brendan P.; Leavitt, Steven D. (2017). "The 2016 classification of lichenized fungi in the Ascomycota and Basidiomycota–Approaching one thousand genera". The Bryologist 119 (4): 361–416 [387]. doi:10.1639/0007-2745-119.4.361. 
  4. ↑ "Herteliana". Species 2000: Leiden, the Netherlands. https://www.catalogueoflife.org/data/taxon/CDGXQ. 
  5. ↑ Wijayawardene, N.N.; Hyde, K.D.; Dai, D.Q.; Sánchez-García, M.; Goto, B.T.; Saxena, R.K. et al. (2022). "Outline of Fungi and fungus-like taxa – 2021". Mycosphere 13 (1): 53–453 [148]. doi:10.5943/mycosphere/13/1/2. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/358798332. 
  6. ↑ Hafellner, J. (1984). "Studien in Richtung einer natürlichen Gliederung der Sammelfamilien Lecanoracae und Lecideaceae" (in German). Beihefte zur Nova Hedwigia 79: 241–371 [337]. 
  7. ↑ Miadlikowska, Jolanta; Kauff, Frank; Högnabba, Filip; Oliver, Jeffrey C.; Molnár, Katalin; Fraker, Emily et al. (2014). "A multigene phylogenetic synthesis for the class Lecanoromycetes (Ascomycota): 1307 fungi representing 1139 infrageneric taxa, 317 genera and 66 families". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 79: 132–168. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2014.04.003. PMID 24747130. 
  8. ↑ Kraichak, Ekaphan; Huang, Jen-Pan; Nelsen, Matthew; Leavitt, Steven D.; Lumbsch, H. Thorsten (2018). "A revised classification of orders and families in the two major subclasses of Lecanoromycetes (Ascomycota) based on a temporal approach". Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 188 (3): 233–249. doi:10.1093/botlinnean/boy060. 
  9. ↑ "Record Details: Herteliana taylorii (Salwey ex Mudd) P. James, in Hawksworth, James & Coppins, Lichenologist 12(1): 106 (1980)". Index Fungorum. https://www.indexfungorum.org/Names/NamesRecord.asp?RecordID=113438. 
  10. ↑ Ekman, S. (1996). "The corticolous and lignicolous species of Bacidia and Bacidina in North America". Opera Botanica 127: 127. 
  11. ↑ Fryday, A.M. (2004). "New species and records of lichenized fungi from Campbell Island and the Auckland Islands, New Zealand". Bibliotheca Lichenologica 88: 127–146. 
  12. ↑ Laundon, J.R. (2005). "The publication and typification of Sir James Edward Smith's lichens in English Botany". Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 147 (4): 483–499. 
  13. ↑ Lendemer, J.C. (2016). "Herteliana schuyleriana (Squamarinaceae), a new crustose lichen widespread in the Appalachian Mountains of eastern North America". Bartonia 69: 62–76. 

Wikidata ☰ Q5744660 entry



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