Biology:Holigarna arnottiana
| Holigarna arnottiana | |
|---|---|
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| Holigarna arnottiana leaves | |
Scientific classification 
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| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Eudicots |
| Clade: | Rosids |
| Order: | Sapindales |
| Family: | Anacardiaceae |
| Genus: | Holigarna |
| Species: | H. arnottiana
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| Binomial name | |
| Holigarna arnottiana Hook.f.
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Holigarna arnottiana is a deciduous tree belonging to family Anacardiaceae.[1] This tree is distributed along South West parts of India[1] and is endemic to Western Ghats, from Central and South Sahyadris.[2] It is commonly known as black varnish tree or Malabar marking nut or കരിഞ്ചേര്.[3] The sap of this tree is considered as allergen due to the presence of urushiol compounds[4].
Description
A large tree, with finely fissured bark. White latex turning black upon contact with air. Leaves are simple, alternate, arranged spirally, clustered at twig ends. Flowers are borne in panicles, 12-24 cm long, golden yellow pubescent, in leaf axils or at branch ends. Flowers are polygamous, greenish white. Fruit is obliquely ovoid, 1-seeded.[5]
Ecology
Canopy trees in wet evergreen to semi-evergreen and moist deciduous forests having elevation of 400 to 1200 m.[6][7]
Phenology
Flowering and Fruiting: January-July.[8]
Uses
In Ayurveda, the plant is believed to be helpful in treatment of inflammation, arthritis, haemorrhoids, obesity, tumour, cancer, and skin diseases[2].It is estimated that bio-Fabricated Silver Nanoparticles from the Leaf Extract of Holigarna arnottiana had antimicrobial, antimitotic, anticancer, and radical-scavenging properties.[9]
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 "Holigarna arnottiana Hook.f. | Plants of the World Online | Kew Science". https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:69712-1.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 "Holigarna arnottiana - Black Varnish Tree". https://www.flowersofindia.net/catalog/slides/Black%20Varnish%20Tree.html.
- ↑ "Holigarna arnottiana – eFlora of India". March 6, 2011. https://efloraofindia.com/2011/03/06/holigarna-arnottiana/.
- ↑ "Holigarna arnottiana". 2017-10-11. https://doi.org/10.1079/cabicompendium.27515.
- ↑ "Holigarna arnottiana - ANACARDIACEAE". http://biotik.org/india/species/h/holiarno/holiarno_en.html.
- ↑ B. R. Ramesh, N. Ayyappan, Pierre Grard, Juliana Prosperi, S. Aravajy, Jean Pierre Pascal, The Biotik Team, French Institute of Pondicherry.
- ↑ "Herbarium JCB". https://indiaflora-ces.iisc.ac.in/FloraPeninsular/herbsheet.php?id=608&cat=7.
- ↑ "India Flora Online". https://indiaflora-ces.iisc.ac.in/herbsheet.php?id=6007&cat=13.
- ↑ Ajaykumar AP, Sabira O, Binitha VS, Varma SR, Mathew A, Jayaraj KN, Janish PA, Zeena KV, Sheena P, Venugopal V, et al. Bio-Fabricated Silver Nanoparticles from the Leaf Extract of the Poisonous Plant, Holigarna arnottiana: Assessment of Antimicrobial, Antimitotic, Anticancer, and Radical-Scavenging Properties. Pharmaceutics. 2023; 15(10):2468. https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics15102468
Wikidata ☰ Q13111009 entry
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