Biology:Hoplestigma
| Hoplestigma | |
|---|---|
Scientific classification 
| |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Eudicots |
| Clade: | Asterids |
| Order: | Boraginales |
| Family: | Boraginaceae |
| Genus: | Hoplestigma Pierre[1] |
| Type species | |
| Hoplestigma klaineanum Pierre
| |
| Species | |
|
See text. | |
Hoplestigma is a genus of flowering plants in the family Boraginaceae, although this is disputed, and it has been placed in its own family Hoplestigmataceae. Its two species are native to Cameroon, Gabon, Ivory Coast and Liberia in western tropical Africa.[1]
Taxonomy
The genus Hoplestigma was established by Jean Baptiste Louis Pierre in 1899. The genus name Hoplestigma is derived from the Greek hople, "a hoof or a cloven hoof" and stigma, "a flower stigma". The botanical name is a reference to the deeply bifid style.[2]
The family placement of the genus has varied. It was traditionally included in Boraginaceae sensu lato,[3] as it was in the APG IV system,[4] and by Plants of the World Online (As of February 2023).[1] A study of pollen in 1989 suggested that Hoplestigma might be related to the family Ehretiaceae (= Boraginaceae subfamily Ehretioideae).[5] In a 2014 molecular phylogenetic study based on chloroplast DNA, Hoplestigma formed a strongly supported clade with Coldenia and genera that have been placed in the family Cordiaceae (= Boraginaceae subfamily Cordioideae) and the authors recommended that Hoplestigma and Coldenia be included in Cordiaceae.[6] In 2016, the Boraginales Working Group placed Hoplestigma in its own family Hoplestigmataceae.[7]
Species
(As of February 2023), two species are recognized:[1]
- Hoplestigma klaineanum Pierre
- Hoplestigma pierreanum Gilg
Both are rare trees of lowland jungle in West and Central Africa.[8]
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 "Hoplestigma Pierre". Plants of the World Online. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:4340-1.
- ↑ Quattrocchi, Umberto (2000). CRC World Dictionary of Plant Names. II. Boca Raton: CRC Press. ISBN 978-0-8493-2676-9.
- ↑ Heywood, Vernon H.; Brummitt, Richard K.; Seberg, Ole; Culham, Alastair (2007), Flowering Plant Families of the World, Ontario, Canada: Firefly Books, ISBN 978-1-55407-206-4
- ↑ Angiosperm Phylogeny Group (2016). "An update of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification for the orders and families of flowering plants: APG IV". Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 181 (1): 1–20. doi:10.1111/boj.12385.
- ↑ Nowicke, Joan W.; Miller, James S. (1989), "Pollen morphology and the relationships of Hoplestigmataceae", Taxon 38 (1): 12–16, doi:10.2307/1220882
- ↑ Weigend, Maximilian; Luebert, Federico; Gottschling, Marc; Couvreur, Thomas L.P.; Hilger, Hartmut H.; Miller, James S. (2014). "From capsules to nutlets — phylogenetic relationships in the Boraginales". Cladistics 30 (5): 508–518. doi:10.1111/cla.12061. PMID 34794245.
- ↑ Luebert, Federico; Cecchi, Lorenzo; Frohlich, Michael W.; Gottschling, Marc; Guilliams, C. Matt; Hasenstab-Lehman, Kristen E.; Hilger, Hartmut H.; Miller, James S. et al. (24 June 2016). "Boraginales Working Group: Familial classification of the Boraginales". Taxon 65 (3): 502–522. doi:10.12705/653.5. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/304454062.
- ↑ Mabberley, David J. (2008), Mabberley's Plant-Book, Cambridge University Press
External links
- Cordiaceae At Boraginales At trees At Angiosperm Phylogeny Website At Missouri Botanical Garden Website
- CRC World Dictionary of Plant Names: D-L At Botany & Plant Science At Life Science At CRC Press
Wikidata ☰ Q135170 entry
 |  |
