Biology:Hoplolaimus
Hoplolaimus is a genus of nematodes known commonly as lance nematodes.[1] They are parasites of plants, and three species are pests of agricultural crops.[2]
These nematodes are usually about 1 to 1.5 millimeters long;[1] some reach 2 millimeters.[2] They have large stylets with knobs shaped like anchors or tulips. The male has winglike folds around its tail, and the female has a short, rounded tail.[1] Some species are amphimictic, with male and female individuals that reproduce sexually, while others are parthenogenetic, with females producing offspring without fertilization.[2]
The genus includes ectoparasites, endoparasites, and semi-endoparasites.[2] They feed on plant roots, some feeding externally, some burying only their heads in the roots, and some entering the roots to feed.[1]
Damage can be manifested in the sloughing of the root cortices.[1] The main agricultural pest species are H. columbus, H. galeatus, and H. magnistylus.[2] H. columbus infects such crops as cotton, soybean, and corn. H. galeatus can be found in many crops, as well as many species of pine trees and grasses.[3]
There are 29 described species in genus Hoplolaimus.[2]
Species include:[4]
- Hoplolaimus abelmoschi
- Hoplolaimus aegypti
- Hoplolaimus aorolaimoides
- Hoplolaimus bachlongviensis[5]
- Hoplolaimus californicus
- Hoplolaimus capensis
- Hoplolaimus casparus
- Hoplolaimus cephalus
- Hoplolaimus chambus
- Hoplolaimus citri
- Hoplolaimus clarissimus
- Hoplolaimus columbus
- Hoplolaimus concaudajuvencus
- Hoplolaimus dimorphicus
- Hoplolaimus dubius
- Hoplolaimus galeatus
- Hoplolaimus imphalensis
- Hoplolaimus indicus
- Hoplolaimus jalalabadiensis
- Hoplolaimus magnistylus[6]
- Hoplolaimus pararobustus
- Hoplolaimus puertoricensis
- Hoplolaimus sacchari
- Hoplolaimus seinhorsti
- Hoplolaimus seshadrii
- Hoplolaimus sheri
- Hoplolaimus singhi
- Hoplolaimus smokyensis[7]
- Hoplolaimus stephanus
- Hoplolaimus tabacum
- Hoplolaimus tuberosus[8]
- Hoplolaimus tylenchiformis
- Hoplolaimus uniformis
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 Hoplolaimus. Nemaplex. University of California, Davis.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 Bae, C. H., et al. (2008). Molecular Analysis of the lance nematode, Hoplolaimus spp., using the first internal transcribed spacer and the D1-D3 expansion segments of 28S ribosomal DNA. Journal of Nematology 40(3), 201-09.
- ↑ Hoplolaimus Host Range. Nemaplex. University of California, Davis.
- ↑ Handoo, Z. A. and A. M. Golden. (1992). A key and diagnostic compendium to the species of the genus Hoplolaimus Daday, 1905 (Nematoda: Hoplolaimidae). Journal of Nematology 24(1), 45-53.
- ↑ Nguyen, Tien Huu; Bui, Quang Duc; Trinh, Phap Quang (2015). "Description of Hoplolaimus bachlongviensis sp. n. (Nematoda: Hoplolaimidae) from banana soil in Vietnam". Biodiversity Data Journal 3 (3). doi:10.3897/BDJ.3.e6523. ISSN 1314-2828. PMID 26696764. Bibcode: 2015BioDJ...3.6523N.
- ↑ Robbins, R. T. (1982). "Description of Hoplolaimus magnistylus n. sp. (Nematoda: Hoplolaimidae)". Journal of Nematology 14 (4): 500–506. ISSN 0022-300X. PMID 19295743.
- ↑ Ma, X.; Robbins, R.; Bernard, E.; Holguin, C.; Agudelo, P. (2019). "Morphological and molecular characterisation of Hoplolaimus smokyensis n. sp.(Nematoda: Hoplolaimidae), a lance nematode from Great Smoky Mountains National Park, USA". Nematology 21 (9): 923–935. doi:10.1163/15685411-00003266. ISSN 1388-5545. https://brill.com/view/journals/nemy/21/9/article-p923_3.xml.
- ↑ Mwesige, Rose; Maosa, Joseph; Couvreur, Marjolein; Bert, Wim (2025). "Morphological and Molecular Characterization of Hoplolaimus tuberosus n. sp. (Nematoda: Hoplolaimidae) Associated with Potato in Uganda". Journal of Nematology 57 (1). doi:10.2478/jofnem-2025-0025. ISSN 0022-300X. PMID 40687770.
Wikidata ☰ Q3719066 entry
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