Biology:Hops and cannabinoids

From HandWiki
Short description: Relation between Humulus lupulus and Cannabis sativa

Research has shown that Humulus lupulus (the plant that makes hops) and Cannabis sativa (also called hemp and marijuana) are closely related,[1][lower-alpha 1] and it may be possible to create novel cultivars of hops that express valuable chemicals similar to commercial hemp. Both hops and cannabis contain terpenes and terpenoids; tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) is a terpenoid.[3][4] Hops lack the enzyme that could convert cannabigerolic acid into THC or CBD,[5] but it could be inserted using genetic engineering as was done in 2019 for yeast.[6][7]

Notes

  1. ↑ See also subsection titled "The incredibly parallel histories of cannabis and its closest relative, humulus (hop)" in Small (2016)[2]

See also

References

  1. ↑ Briggs et al. 2004, p. 228.
  2. ↑ Small 2016.
  3. ↑ "Cannabis sativa: The Plant of the Thousand and One Molecules", Frontiers in Plant Science 7 (19): 19, 2016, doi:10.3389/fpls.2016.00019, PMID 26870049 
  4. ↑ Harbison, Martha (November 15, 2012), "BeerSci: What's The Connection Between Hops And Marijuana? Because they sure look and smell alike.", Popular Science, https://www.popsci.com/science/article/2012-11/beersci-marijuana-related-hops 
  5. ↑ Kaplan, Josh (July 12, 2018). "Does CBD Only Come From Cannabis and Hemp?". Leafly. https://www.leafly.com/news/science-tech/does-cbd-only-come-from-cannabis-and-hemp. 
  6. ↑ Bushwick, Sophie (February 27, 2019). "Rising High: GM Yeast Generates Known and Novel Marijuana Compounds – Engineered microorganisms churn out THC, CBD and rarer, less-understood cannabis cousins". Scientific American. https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/rising-high-gm-yeast-generates-known-and-novel-marijuana-compounds/. 
  7. ↑ Luo, Xiaozhou; Reiter, Michael A.; d’Espaux, Leo; Wong, Jeff; Denby, Charles M.; Lechner, Anna; Zhang, unfeng; Grzybowski, Adrian T. et al. (February 27, 2019), "Complete biosynthesis of cannabinoids and their unnatural analogues in yeast", Nature 567 (7746): 123–126, doi:10.1038/s41586-019-0978-9, PMID 30814733, Bibcode: 2019Natur.567..123L, https://backend.orbit.dtu.dk/ws/files/240436196/qt3fn1m6p5_noSplash_be06dd7b6fdfa004bec17ec4fed2cabd.pdf 

Sources

  • Small, Ernest (November 2016). "Prehuman and early history of Cannabis sativa". Cannabis: A Complete Guide. CRC Press. ISBN 978-1498761635. OCLC 971400059. 
  • Brewing Science and Practice. Elsevier Science. 2004. pp. 228–230. OCLC 469858708. 



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