Biology:Horizontal evolution

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The phrase horizontal evolution is used in evolutionary biology to refer to:

  • Concerted evolution, whereby individual members of a DNA family within one species are more closely related to each other than to members of the same type of DNA family in other species;[1]
  • Horizontal gene transfer, where genes are transferred from one organism to another by means other than genes received from an ancestor[2]

It is sometimes used by creationists as a synonym for

  • Microevolution, development of genetic changes below the speciation threshold

References

  1. Clemenza, Liliana; Subramanian, Bala; Hourcade, Dennis; Nickells, Michael; Atkinson, John (1997). "Primary sequence of baboon CR1 demonstrates concerted evolution within the CR1 gene". Molecular Immunology (Elsevier BV) 34 (4): 297–304. doi:10.1016/s0161-5890(97)00040-0. ISSN 0161-5890. PMID 9244342. 
  2. Wolf, Yuri I.; Aravind, L.; Grishin, Nick V.; Koonin, Eugene V. (1999-09-09). "Evolution of Aminoacyl-tRNA Synthetases—Analysis of Unique Domain Architectures and Phylogenetic Trees Reveals a Complex History of Horizontal Gene Transfer Events". Genome Research 9 (8): 689–710. doi:10.1101/gr.9.8.689. PMID 10447505.