Biology:Huso

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Huso is a genus of sturgeons from eastern Europe, Asia, and eastern North America.[1] The genus name is derived from hūso, the Old High German and Medieval Latin word for "sturgeon",[2] which is also ancestral to Hausen, the German name for the beluga sturgeon.

Taxonomy

Until 2025, Huso was defined as containing two giant-sized species: the beluga from western Eurasia, and the kaluga from East Asia. However, this placement was long found to be polyphyletic, with the kaluga grouping with other East Asian sturgeon species. In contrast, a large number of Eurasian and two North American species were found to form a large clade with H. huso. In addition, the latter clade was found to be more closely related to the morphologically unusual Pseudoscaphirhynchus than to any other sturgeon clade.[3][4][5]

Lake sturgeon (H. fulvescens), one of two North American species

In 2025, this taxonomic conundrum was resolved by reclassifying the kaluga and other Pacific sturgeons into Sinosturio, while placing the genera related to H. huso into Huso itself. Huso is now the most speciose sturgeon genus, although all members of it are highly endangered. Almost all Huso species are found in Eurasia aside from two species in North America: the lake sturgeon and the shortnose sturgeon. These two species are not closely related to one another, with the lake sturgeon being the most basal member of the genus, while the shortnose sturgeon is belongs to one of the two major Eurasian clades in the genus.[6]

The following species are placed in this genus:[7]

References

  1. ↑ Eschmeyer, William N.; Fricke, Ron; van der Laan, Richard, eds. "Species in the family Acipenseridae". California Academy of Sciences. http://researcharchive.calacademy.org/research/ichthyology/catalog/fishcatget.asp?tbl=Genus&family=Acipenseridae. 
  2. ↑ "Family ACIPENSERIDAE Bonaparte 1831 (Sturgeons)" (in en-US). 2023-03-31. https://etyfish.org/acipenseridae/. 
  3. ↑ Vasil'eva, E.D.; Vasil'ev, V.P.; Shedko, S.V.; Novomodny, G.V. (2009). "The revision of the validity of genus Huso (Acipenseridae) based on recent morphological and genetic data with particular reference to the Kaluga H. dauricus". Journal of Ichthyology 49 (10): 861–867. doi:10.1134/s0032945209100038. OCLC 5650115129. http://ibss.febras.ru/files/00008399.pdf. 
  4. ↑ Krieger, J.; Hett, A.K.; Fuerst, P.A.; Artyukhin, E.; Ludwig, A. (2008). "The molecular phylogeny of the order Acipenseriformes revisited". Journal of Applied Ichthyology 24: 36–45. doi:10.1111/j.1439-0426.2008.01088.x. OCLC 5154011977. Bibcode: 2008JApIc..24S..36K. 
  5. ↑ Peng, Z.; Ludwig, A.; Wang, D.; Diogo, R.; Wei, Q.; He, S. (2007). "Age and biogeography of major clades in sturgeons and paddlefishes (Pisces: Acipenseriformes)". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 42 (3): 854–862. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2006.09.008. OCLC 110683280. PMID 17158071. Bibcode: 2007MolPE..42..854P. 
  6. ↑ Brownstein, Chase D.; Near, Thomas J. (2025-04-25). "Toward a Phylogenetic Taxonomy of Sturgeons (Acipenseriformes: Acipenseridae)". Bulletin of the Peabody Museum of Natural History 66 (1). doi:10.3374/014.066.0101. ISSN 0079-032X. https://bioone.org/journals/bulletin-of-the-peabody-museum-of-natural-history/volume-66/issue-1/014.066.0101/Toward-a-Phylogenetic-Taxonomy-of-Sturgeons-Acipenseriformes-Acipenseridae/10.3374/014.066.0101.full. 
  7. ↑ Eschmeyer, William N.; Fricke, Ron; van der Laan, Richard, eds. "Species in the genus Huso". California Academy of Sciences. http://researcharchive.calacademy.org/research/ichthyology/catalog/fishcatget.asp?tbl=species&genus=Huso. 
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