Biology:Indobatrachus
Indobatrachus (Greek for "Indian frog") is an extinct genus of frog known from the Early Paleocene (Danian) of India.[1][2] It contains a single species, Indobatrachus pusillus. Two other species, I. trivialis and I. malabaricus, were also previously described, but these have since been synonymized with I. pusillus.[3][4]
Indobatrachus was a very small frog, only 20 millimetres (0.79 in) long as an adult. It is known from numerous complete but poorly-preserved specimens (known by Richard Owen as "batracholites") from the Intertrappean Beds of Worli Hill, Mumbai. The stratigraphy of the specimens is disputed; they were originally dated to the Early Eocene, but later thought to be latest Cretaceous in age (66 mya).[5][6] However, more recently, the intertrappean rocks around Mumbai have been dated to the late Danian, around 62.5 million years ago, representing the youngest eruptive event in the western Deccan volcanic province.[2][7]
The taxonomy of this genus is debated; it was previously classified within the Australian frog superfamily Myobatrachoidea by many authors, including Owen, but such a relationship is now considered dubious or untenable, with only some vertebral similarities linking the two groups.[5][6][8] Alternatively, it may represent a member of the superfamily Sooglossoidea, another ancient group that is thought to have originated on Insular India during the Cretaceous.[9]
References
- ↑ Owen (1847). "On the Batracholites, indicative of a small species of Frog (Rana pusilla, Ow.). Addendum to the Communication from G. T. Clark, Esq., Bombay" (in en). Quarterly Journal of the Geological Society 3 (1–2): 224–225. doi:10.1144/GSL.JGS.1847.003.01-02.24. ISSN 0370-291X. https://www.lyellcollection.org/doi/10.1144/GSL.JGS.1847.003.01-02.24.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Dhobale, Anup; Mohabey, Dhananjay M.; Samant, Bandana; Sangode, Satish J.; Kumar, Deepesh (2024). "Fossil Squamata and Anura from sediments associated with oldest lava piles of Deccan Trap Supergroup (Upper Cretaceous-lower Paleocene), India". Historical Biology. doi:10.1080/08912963.2024.2418914. ISSN 0891-2963. https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/08912963.2024.2418914.
- ↑ "Fossilworks: Indobatrachus pusillus". https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=156318.
- ↑ Metcalf, M. M. (12 December 1930). "A Fossil Frog, Indobatrachus Noble, from the Eocene of Southwestern India" (in en). Science 72 (1876): 602–603. doi:10.1126/science.72.1876.602. ISSN 0036-8075. PMID 17756365. Bibcode: 1930Sci....72..602M. https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.72.1876.602.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 Folie, Annelise (2012). "Early Eocene frogs from Vastan Lignite Mine, Gujarat, India" (in en). Acta Palaeontologica Polonica. doi:10.4202/app.2011.0063. ISSN 0567-7920. https://doi.org/10.4202/app.2011.0063.
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 Špinar, Zdeněk V.; Hodrová, Marcela (1985). "New knowledge of the genus Indobatrachus (Anura) from the Lower Eocene of India". Amphibia-Reptilia 6 (4): 363–376. doi:10.1163/156853885x00353. ISSN 0173-5373. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156853885x00353.
- ↑ Kale, Vivek S.; Dole, Gauri; Shandilya, Priyanka; Pande, Kanchan (2019-06-18). "Stratigraphy and correlations in Deccan Volcanic Province, India: Quo vadis?". GSA Bulletin 132 (3-4): 588–607. doi:10.1130/B35018.1. ISSN 0016-7606. https://pubs.geoscienceworld.org/gsa/gsabulletin/article-abstract/132/3-4/588/571703/Stratigraphy-and-correlations-in-Deccan-Volcanic?redirectedFrom=fulltext.
- ↑ Tyler, Michael J. (1974). "First frog fossils from Australia" (in en). Nature 248 (5450): 711–712. doi:10.1038/248711b0. ISSN 1476-4687. Bibcode: 1974Natur.248..711T. https://www.nature.com/articles/248711b0.
- ↑ Biju, S. D.; Bossuyt, Franky (2003). "New frog family from India reveals an ancient biogeographical link with the Seychelles" (in en). Nature 425 (6959): 711–714. doi:10.1038/nature02019. ISSN 1476-4687. PMID 14562102. https://www.nature.com/articles/nature02019.
Wikidata ☰ Q20731891 entry
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