Biology:Iris serotina
| Iris serotina | |
|---|---|
Scientific classification 
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| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Monocots |
| Order: | Asparagales |
| Family: | Iridaceae |
| Genus: | Iris |
| Subgenus: | Iris subg. Xiphium |
| Section: | Iris sect. Xiphium |
| Species: | I. serotina
|
| Binomial name | |
| Iris serotina Willk.
| |
| Synonyms[1] | |
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Iris serotina is a species in the genus Iris, it is also in the subgenus Xiphium. It is a bulbous perennial from southern Europe, found in Spain and Morocco.
Description
Iris serotina grows to a maximum height of 60 cm (24 in) tall and the narrow leaves are 2–6 mm wide and grow between 30–60 cm (12–24 in) tall.[2] They appear in the autumn,[3][4] but then fade before flowering.[5]
It normally has 2 - 3 flowers per stem,[5] and generally blooms in late July, or August.[6]:287
Like other irises, it has 2 pairs of petals, 3 large sepals (outer petals), known as the 'falls' and 3 inner, smaller petals (or tepals), known as the 'standards'.[6]:17 It has blue-violet flowers,[4] the petals are veined with a deeper violet colour, and the falls are marked with a yellow patch.[4][6]:287
Its seeds are small, yellow and semi-circular.[2]
Taxonomy
The specific epithet serotina, refers to the Latin word, 'serotina' meaning late in flowering.[7][8]
In 1861, Heinrich Moritz Willkomm described Iris serotina after seeing plants from Province of Jaén (Spain).[9] Originally, he called it Iris filifolia, but this was later corrected to Iris serotina.[10] Then published in 'Prodromus Florae Hispanicae' Vol.1 in 1861.[11][12] It was later illustrated in Curtis's Botanical Magazine No.733 in 1977.[5]
Iris serotina is an accepted name by the RHS,[13] and it was verified by United States Department of Agriculture and the Agricultural Research Service on 4 April 2003, then updated on 3 December 2004.[14]
Distribution and habitat
Iris serotina is native to temperate areas of Europe.[13][14]
Range
Originally found in South eastern Spain .[6][14] It has been found in Cuenca, Jaen and in the Province of Granada. It also has been found in Rif in Morocco.[9][14][15]
Habitat
It grows on rocks, on the shadow side of the mountains.[4]
Conservation
It is classed as 'Endangered',[4] and was on the 1997 IUCN Red List of Threatened Plants in Spain.[16]
Cultivation
It is best grown in a bulb frame or a very sheltered dry border, in the UK.[17]
Toxicity
Like many other irises, most parts of the plant are poisonous (rhizome and leaves), if mistakenly ingested can cause stomach pains and vomiting. Also handling the plant may cause a skin irritation or an allergic reaction.[18]
References
- ↑ "Iris serotina Willk. is an accepted name". theplantlist.org. 23 March 2012. http://www.theplantlist.org/tpl1.1/record/kew-322363.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 "iris serotina". iridaceae.e-monocot.org. http://iridaceae.e-monocot.org/classification/iris-serotina.
- ↑ "The Southern African Bulb Group, Newsletter No. 10". www.sabg.tk. April 2008. http://www.sabg.tk/newsletter/SABGnews10.pdf.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 Dominguez, Rafael Diez (26 July 2006). "Iris serotina". signa.org. http://www.signa.org/index.pl?Iris-serotina.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 James Cullen, Sabina G. Knees, H. Suzanne Cubey (Editors) The European Garden Flora Flowering Plants: A Manual for the Identification, p. 259, at Google Books
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.3 Austin, Claire (2005). Irises; A Garden Encyclopedia. Timber Press. ISBN 0-88192-730-9.
- ↑ Stearn, William (1972). A Gardenerer's Dictionary of Plant Names. London: Cassell. p. 291. ISBN 0304937215.
- ↑ James Armitage (Editor) RHS Practical Latin for Gardeners: More than 1,500 Essential Plant Names and ..., p. 430, at Google Books
- ↑ 9.0 9.1 "Candollea (Journal International de botanique systematique)". 2009. http://www.rjb.csic.es/jardinbotanico/ficheros/documentos/pdf/pubinv/PVG/Mart%C3%ADnez&al-2009-Iris-rutherfordii-Candollea.pdf.
- ↑ Crespo Villalba, Manuel B. (2012). "Nomenclatural Types of Iberian Irises (Iris and Related genera, Iridaceae)". rua.ua.es. p. 59. http://rua.ua.es/dspace/bitstream/10045/33718/1/2012_Crespo_FloraMontib.pdf.
- ↑ "Iris serotina". apps.kew.org. http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/namedetail.do?name_id=322363.
- ↑ Gonzalo Mateo Sanz and José Luis Benito Alonso (Editors) Flora Montiberica, 53, p. 59, at Google Books
- ↑ 13.0 13.1 "Iris serotina". www.rhs.org.uk. https://www.rhs.org.uk/Plants/22521/Iris-serotina/Details.
- ↑ 14.0 14.1 14.2 14.3 {{citation | mode = cs1 | title = Iris serotina | work = Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN) | url = | publisher = [[Organization:Agricultural Research ServAgricultural Research Service (ARS), United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) | access-date = 20 March 2018 }}
- ↑ Pries, Bob (7 July 2016). "(SPEC) Iris serotina". wiki.irises.org (American Iris Society). http://wiki.irises.org/Spec/SpecSerotina.
- ↑ Kerry Scott Walter, Harriet J. Gillett (Editors) 1997 IUCN Red List of Threatened Plants, p. 679, at Google Books
- ↑ Cassidy, G.E.; Linnegar, S. (1987). Growing Irises (Revised ed.). Bromley: Christopher Helm. p. 74. ISBN 0-88192-089-4.
- ↑ David G Spoerke and Susan C. Smolinske Toxicity of Houseplants, p. 236, at Google Books
Other sources
- Fennane, M. & M. I. Tattou. 1998. Catalogue des plantes vasculaires rares, menacées ou endémiques du Maroc. Bocconea 8:205.
- Maire, R. C. J. E. et al. 1952–. Flore de l'Afrique du Nord. (F Afr Nord)
- Mathew, B. 1981. The Iris. (Iris) 137.
- Tutin, T. G. et al., eds. 1964–1980. Flora europaea. (F Eur)
External links
Wikidata ☰ Q4203234 entry
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