Biology:Ismene (plant)

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Short description: Genus of flowering plants

Ismene
Temporal range: 26.14 –0 Ma
Late Oligocene – Recent[1]
Ismene narcissiflora1HOUTTE.jpg
Ismene narcissiflora[2]
Scientific classification e
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Monocots
Order: Asparagales
Family: Amaryllidaceae
Subfamily: Amaryllidoideae
Genus: Ismene
Salisb.
Synonyms[3]
  • Liriope Herb., nom. illeg.
  • Elisena Herb.
  • Pseudostenomesson Velarde

Ismene, or Peruvian daffodil, is a genus of South American plants in the Amaryllis family.[4] The species are native to Peru and Ecuador and widely cultivated elsewhere as ornamentals because of their large, showy flowers.[5][6]

Ismene produces tender perennial bulbs bearing a strong resemblance to those of Hymenocallis, a genus into which Ismene had often been grouped in the past. However, its morphology differs from Hymenocallis in several significant ways: its vegetative parts, natural range, and chromosome number are all distinct.

Ismene can be difficult to grow in the United States.[7]

Species

A list of Ismene species and their geographic distribution is given below.[3]

  • Ismene amancaes (Ruiz & Pav.) Herb – western Peru
  • Ismene hawkesii (Vargas) Gereau & Meerow – Cusco, Peru
  • Ismene longipetala (Lindl.) Meerow – southwestern Ecuador, northwestern Peru
  • Ismene morrisonii (Vargas) Gereau & Meerow – Apurímac, Peru
  • Ismene narcissiflora (Jacq.) M.Roem. – south-central Peru
  • Ismene nutans (Ker Gawl.) Herb. – Peru
  • Ismene pedunculata Herb. – Peru
  • Ismene ringens (Ruiz & Pav.) Gereau & Meerow – Peru
  • Ismene sublimis (Herb.) Gereau & Meerow – La Libertad, Peru
  • Ismene vargasii (Velarde) Gereau & Meerow – Peru

Hybrids

  • Ismene × deflexa Herb. (I. longipetala × I. narcissiflora) – Peru

Phylogeny

It is closely related to Leptochiton and Hymenocallis, from which it separated 26.14 million years ago. The separation of Leptochiton and Hymenocallis occurred 24.46 million years ago.[1]

Hymenocallideae
 
 

Hymenocallis Cahaba Lily.jpg

 
 

Leptochiton Leptochiton quitoensis 6397 Ismene tenuifolia.jpg

 
 
 

Ismene Ismene RH (4).jpg

 
 

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Meerow, A. W., Gardner, E. M., & Nakamura, K. (2020). "Phylogenomics of the Andean tetraploid clade of the American Amaryllidaceae (subfamily Amaryllidoideae): unlocking a polyploid generic radiation abetted by continental geodynamics." Frontiers in Plant Science, 11, 582422.
  2. ↑ illustration from Flore des serres et des jardins de l’Europe by Charles Lemaire and others. Gand [Gent], Louis van Houtte, 1849, volume 5, plate 440
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 "Ismene". World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/namedetail.do?name_id=279415. 
  4. ↑ Herbert, William 1821. An Appendix: [General index to the Botanical magazine, vol. 43-48 containing a treatise on bulbous roots] page 45
  5. ↑ Jørgensen, P. M., M. H. Nee & S. G. Beck. (eds.) 2014. Catálogo de las plantas vasculares de Bolivia, Monographs in systematic botany from the Missouri Botanical Garden 127(1–2): i–viii, 1–1744.
  6. ↑ Brako, L. & J. L. Zarucchi. (eds.) 1993. Catalogue of the Flowering Plants and Gymnosperms of Peru. Monographs in systematic botany from the Missouri Botanical Garden 45: i–xl, 1–1286.
  7. ↑ Howard, Thad M. Bulbs for Warm Climates. Austin, Texas: University of Texas Press, 2001, pp 98–99.

External links

  • [1] International Bulb Society's gallery of photographs

Wikidata ☰ Q6085039 entry




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