Biology:Kentuckia
Kentuckia is an extinct genus of prehistoric marine "palaeoniscoid" ray-finned fish from the Early Carboniferous (Tournaisian) of North America. It contains a single species, K. deani from the Stockdale Formation of Kentucky, US. It is the only known genus in the family Kentuckiidae.[1][2][3] It was initially described as a species of Rhadinichthys in 1907, until it was redescribed in its own genus in 1951.[2] Another Devonian species, K. hlavini Dunkle, 1964 from the Famennian-aged Cleveland Shale of Ohio, is now no longer thought to belong to this genus.[4]
Fossils of Kentuckia are abundant at one locality, with multiple specimens preserved in phosphate nodules. Although none of these nodules preserves a complete fish on its own, the partial fish preserved in these nodules are exceptionally well-preserved down to the soft tissues of the head, and allow for an approximate reconstruction of the fish's body plan and a detailed reconstruction of the internal anatomy of its neurocranium.[5]
Due to the uncrushed, three-dimensionally-preserved skulls in the nodules, it is one of the earliest ray-finned fish with properly known dermal bones and neurocrania.[2] This has allowed for an endocast of the fish's brain and associated soft tissues to be reconstructed, which found closer anatomical similarities between the brain of Kentuckia and later ray-finned fish than with earlier fish.[4]
Some studies have found it to form a distinct clade with two other early ray-finned fish, Limnomis from the Late Carboniferous of Pennsylvania, US and Cuneognathus from the Late Devonian of Greenland.[6]
See also
- Prehistoric fish
- List of prehistoric bony fish
References
- ↑ Sepkoski, Jack (2002). "A compendium of fossil marine animal genera". Bulletins of American Paleontology 363: 1–560. http://strata.ummp.lsa.umich.edu/jack/showgenera.php?taxon=611&rank=class. Retrieved 2009-02-27.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Rayner, Dorothy H. (1952). "III.—On the Cranial Structure of an Early Palæoniscid, Kentuckia, gen. nov." (in en). Earth and Environmental Science Transactions of The Royal Society of Edinburgh 62 (1): 53–83. doi:10.1017/S0080456800009248. ISSN 2053-5945. https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/earth-and-environmental-science-transactions-of-royal-society-of-edinburgh/article/abs/iiion-the-cranial-structure-of-an-early-palaeoniscid-kentuckia-gen-nov/F786CA87B59182845C45A054867F92A0.
- ↑ "PBDB Taxon" (in en). https://paleobiodb.org/classic/basicTaxonInfo?taxon_no=35019.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Giles, Sam; Friedman, Matt (2014). "Virtual reconstruction of endocast anatomy in early ray-finned fishes (Osteichthyes, Actinopterygii)" (in en). Journal of Paleontology 88 (4): 636–651. doi:10.1666/13-094. ISSN 0022-3360. https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S002233600000250X/type/journal_article.
- ↑ Eastman, Charles Rochester (1908) (in en). Devonian Fishes of Iowa. Iowa Geological Survey. https://www.google.com/books/edition/Devonian_Fishes_of_Iowa/Pl_PAAAAMAAJ?.
- ↑ Friedman, Matt; Blom, Henning (2006). "A NEW ACTINOPTERYGIAN FROM THE FAMENNIAN OF EAST GREENLAND AND THE INTERRELATIONSHIPS OF DEVONIAN RAY-FINNED FISHES" (in en). Journal of Paleontology 80 (6): 1186–1204. doi:10.1666/0022-3360(2006)80[1186:ANAFTF2.0.CO;2]. ISSN 0022-3360. http://www.bioone.org/doi/abs/10.1666/0022-3360%282006%2980%5B1186%3AANAFTF%5D2.0.CO%3B2.
Template:Actinopterygian genera Wikidata ☰ Q6392128 entry
 |  |
