Biology:Lilium lancifolium
Lilium lancifolium | |
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Scientific classification ![]() | |
Kingdom: | Plantae |
Clade: | Tracheophytes |
Clade: | Angiosperms |
Clade: | Monocots |
Order: | Liliales |
Family: | Liliaceae |
Subfamily: | Lilioideae |
Tribe: | Lilieae |
Genus: | Lilium |
Species: | L. lancifolium
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Binomial name | |
Lilium lancifolium | |
Synonyms[1] | |
Synonymy
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Lilium lancifolium (syn. L. tigrinum) is an Asian species of lily, native to China , Japan , Korea, and the Russian Far East.[1] It is widely planted as an ornamental because of its showy orange-and-black flowers, and sporadically occurs as a garden escapee in North America, particularly the eastern United States including New England,[2] and has made incursions into some southern states such as Georgia.[3]
It has the English name tiger lily, but that name has been applied to other species as well.
![](/wiki/images/thumb/e/ec/Lilium_tigrinum_005.jpg/250px-Lilium_tigrinum_005.jpg)
Description
Like other true lilies, the flowers are borne on upright stems that are 80–200 centimetres (31–79 inches) tall and bear lanceolate leaves 6–10 cm (2 1⁄2–4 in) long and 1–2 cm (3⁄8–3⁄4 in) broad. L. lancifolium produces aerial bulblets, known as bulbils, in the leaf axils.[4] These bulbils are uncommon in Lilium species and they produce new plants that are clones of the original plant.[2]
The flowers are odorless.[4] Each lasts a few days and if pollinated produce capsules with many thin seeds.[2]
Taxonomy
Varieties
The names of names considered as varieties at some time are:
- Lilium lancifolium var. densum W.Bull
- Lilium tigrinum var. fortunei Standish
- Lilium tigrinum var. splendens Van Houtte
- Lilium tigrinum var. flore-pleno auct.
- Lilium tigrinum var. erectum G.F.Wilson
- Lilium tigrinum var. plenescens Waugh
- Lilium lancifolium var. flaviflorum Makino
- Lilium lancifolium var. fortunei (Standish) V.A.Matthews
- Lilium lancifolium var. splendens (Van Houtte) V.A.Matthews
The Lilium tigrinum flore pleno, the double-flowered variety, had been exported out of Japan by William Bull since 1869.[5]
Names
Scientific names
Botanists for many years considered L. tigrinum (after Ker Gawler[6]) the correct scientific name until it was determined that older name L. lancifolium (after Thunberg[7]) refers to the same species, and the latter became the accepted name.[2][lower-alpha 1]
Vernacular names
Its common name is tiger lily. Although this name is ambiguous across several species, it is correctly applied to this species alone.[2]
Cat toxicity
A case study of the successful treatment of a cat that ingested this particular species was published 2007.[8]
Uses
It is cultivated and wild foraged in Asia for its edible bulbs.[9] The cultivar 'Splendens' has gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit.[10] In Taiwan, both the flower and bulbs are used as food, as are the other related species: L. brownii var. viridulum, L. pumilum and L. candidum.[11]
Notes
- ↑ Under the rules of international botanical nomenclature, the older name takes precedence.
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 "Lilium lancifolium Thunb.". Plants of the World Online. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:537628-1.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 "1. Lilium lancifolium Thunberg, Trans. Linn. Soc. London, Bot. 2: 333. 1794.", Flora of North America, 26, p. 178. Tiger lily, lis tigré.
- ↑ Biota of North America Program 2014 county distribution map
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Ohwi, Jisaburo (1965), Meyer, Frederick G., ed., Flora of Japan, Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution, p. 297, https://library.si.edu/digital-library/book/floraofjapaninen00oiji Alt URL
- ↑ Moore, Thomas, ed. (1873), "A Beautiful Flower and Farm and Garden", The Florist and Pomologist: 15–16, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/6059435#page/29/mode/1up
- ↑ Ker Gawler, J. G.; Bellenden, John (1809) "Lilium tigrinum, Tiger-spotted Chinese lily". Botanical Magazine 31: plate 1237ff.
- ↑ Thunberg, Carl Peter (1794), Transactions of the Linnean Society of London 2: 333 (in Latin)
- ↑ Berg, Rebecca IM, Thierry Francey, and Gilad Segev (2007) "Resolution of acute kidney injury in a cat after lily (Lilium lancifolium) intoxication[|permanent dead link|dead link}}]". Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine 21(4), pp. 857–859.
- ↑ Dai Nihon Nōkai (1895). Useful Plants of Japan Described and Illustrated. Agricultural Society of Japan. p. 27. https://books.google.com/books?id=g9dBAAAAIAAJ&pg=PA27.
- ↑ "RHS Plant Selector - Lilium lancifolium 'Splendens'". http://apps.rhs.org.uk/plantselector/plant?plantid=3386.
- ↑ "可供食品使用原料彙整一覽表". https://consumer.fda.gov.tw/Food/Material.aspx?nodeID=160.
Bibliography
- Shimizu, Moto'o (1947). "Oni-Yuri (Lilium lancifolium Thunb.)". Lily Yearbook (North American Lily Society) (7): 55–. https://books.google.com/books?id=gXkmAQAAMAAJ.
External links
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to Lilium lancifolium. |
Wikidata ☰ Q266317 entry
![]() | Original source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lilium lancifolium.
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