Biology:Limacidae
Limacidae, also known by their common name the keelback slugs, are a taxonomic family of medium-sized to very large, air-breathing land slugs, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod molluscs in the superfamily Limacoidea.
Distribution
The natural distribution of the family Limacidae is the Western Palaearctic and into adjacent parts of Asia,[1][2] but species such as Limacus flavus, Limax maximus and Ambigolimax valentianus have been introduced almost worldwide in temperate regions.[3] There are 28 species of Limacidae in Russia and adjacent countries.[4]
Cytology
In this family, the number of haploid chromosomes lies between 21 and 25 and also lies between 31 and 35 (according to the values in this table).[5]
Genera
Currently recognised genera in the family Limacidae are:[6]
subfamily Eumilacinae Likharev & Wiktor, 1980[6]
- Eumilax O. Boettger, 1881 - type genus of the subfamily Eumilacinae
- Metalimax Simroth, 1896
subfamily Limacinae Batsch, 1789[6]
- Ambigolimax Pollonera, 1887;[7] formerly considered a subgenus of Lehmannia[8]
- Bielzia Clessin, 1887 – with the only species Bielzia coerulans M. Bielz, 1851. Some authors, for example Russian malacologists,[4] have classified Bielzia within its own family Bielzidae (= Limacopsidae) or subfamily Bielzinae, but a molecular phylogeny has subsequently placed it within Limacinae.[8]
- Caspilimax P. Hesse, 1926[4]
- Gigantomilax O. Boettger, 1883[4]
- Lehmannia Heynemann, 1863;[6] formerly considered a subgenus of Limax
- Limacus Lehmann, 1864; sometimes considered a subgenus of Limax
- Limax Linnaeus, 1758[4] – type genus of Limacidae; c. half the recognised species in the family
- Malacolimax Malm, 1868;[4] formerly considered a subgenus of Limax
- Svanetia Hesse, 1926[9]
- Turcomilax Simroth, 1902[6]
- Weltersia Giusti et al. 2021 – with the only species W. obscura Giusti et al. 2021[10]
Cladograms
A cladogram showing the phylogenic relationships of this family to other families within the limacoid clade:[1]
| limacoid clade |
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A molecular-based phylogeny of the genera within the Limacidae.[8] Metalimax and Caspilimax were not included in the study.
| Limacidae |
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Ecology
Parasites of slugs in this family include larvae of the marsh flies Sciomyzidae, and others.
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Hausdorf, B. (2000). "Biogeography of the Limacoidea sensu lato (Gastropoda: Stylommatophora): vicariance events and long‐distance dispersal". Journal of Biogeography 27 (2): 379–390. doi:10.1046/j.1365-2699.2000.00403.x.
- ↑ Wiktor, A.; Bössneck, U. (2004). "Limax (Limax) seticus n. sp. from high mountains in Nepal (Gastropoda: Pulmonata: Limacidae)". Folia Malacologica 12 (4). doi:10.12657/folmal.012.017.
- ↑ Herbert, D.G. (2010). The introduced terrestrial Mollusca of South Africa. SANBI Biodiversity Series 15. Pretoria: South African National Biodiversity Institute. ISBN 9781919976563. https://www.sanbi.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/bioseries15introterrestmollusca.pdf.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 Kantor Yu I., Vinarski M. V., Schileyko A. A. & Sysoev A. V.(published online on December 22, 2009). "Catalogue of the continental mollusks of Russia and adjacent territories". Version 2.3.
- ↑ Barker G. M.: Gastropods on Land: Phylogeny, Diversity and Adaptive Morphology. in Barker G. M. (ed.): The biology of terrestrial molluscs. CABI Publishing, Oxon, UK, 2001, ISBN 0-85199-318-4. 1-146, cited pages: 139 and 142.
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 ((MolluscaBase Eds)). "Limacidae Batsch, 1789". Flemish Marine Institute. https://www.molluscabase.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=154015.
- ↑ ((MolluscaBase Eds)). "Ambigolimax Pollonera, 1887". Flanders Marine Institute. https://www.molluscabase.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=819989.
- ↑ 8.0 8.1 8.2 Hutchinson, JMC; Schlitt, B; Reise, H (2026). "Ambigolimax, Lehmannia and other limacid slugs (Gastropoda: Stylommatophora); what their DNA tells us about phylogeny, taxonomy and phylogeography". Journal of Molluscan Studies 92 (1). doi:10.1093/mollus/eyaf031.
- ↑ ((MolluscaBase Eds)). "Svanetia P. Hesse, 1926". Flanders Marine Institute. https://www.molluscabase.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=996577.
- ↑ Giusti, F.; Lesicki, A.; Benocci, A.; Pieńkowska, J.R.; Manganelli, G. (2021). "Weltersia obscura , a new slug from the island of Montecristo (Tuscan Archipelago, Italy): a hitherto undiscovered endemic or a recent alien? (Mollusca, Pulmonata, Limacidae)". Systematics and Biodiversity 19 (7): 648 – 664. doi:10.1080/14772000.2021.1908442.
External links
- Slugs of Florida on the UF / IFAS Featured Creatures Web site
Wikidata ☰ Q1757029 entry
pl:Pomrowcowate
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