Biology:List of molossids
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Short description: Species in mammal family Molossidae
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Molossidae is one of the twenty families of bats in the mammalian order Chiroptera and part of the microbat suborder. Members of this family are called a molossid, or a free-tailed bat. They are named for their tail, which extends past the uropatagium, a membrane that connects the legs of bats.[1] They are found in all continents besides Antarctica, primarily in caves, forests, savannas, and shrublands, though some species can also be found in deserts, rocky areas, or coastal areas. They range in size from the blunt-eared bat, at 3 cm (1 in) plus a 2 cm (1 in) tail, to the hairless bat, at 18 cm (7 in) plus a 8 cm (3 in) tail. Like all bats, molossids are capable of true and sustained flight, and have forearm lengths ranging from 2 cm (1 in) for many species to 9 cm (4 in) in the hairless bat, big bonneted bat, and western mastiff bat. They are all insectivorous and eat a variety of insects and spiders.[1] Almost no molossids have population estimates, though the Mexican free-tailed bat is estimated to have a population of nearly 100 million, as one of the most numerous mammals in the world,[2] while seven species—the blunt-eared bat, equatorial dog-faced bat, Fijian mastiff bat, La Touche's free-tailed bat, Natal free-tailed bat, São Tomé free-tailed bat, and Solomons mastiff bat—are categorized as endangered species, with populations as low as 200.
The 133 extant species of Molossidae are divided between two subfamilies, Molossinae and Tomopeatinae. Molossinae contains 132 species grouped into 21 genera, while Tomopeatinae contains only a single species. A few extinct prehistoric molossid species have been discovered, though due to ongoing research and discoveries the exact number and categorization is not fixed.[3]
Conventions
The author citation for the species or genus is given after the scientific name; parentheses around the author citation indicate that this was not the original taxonomic placement. Conservation status codes listed follow the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List of Threatened Species. Range maps are provided wherever possible; if a range map is not available, a description of the molossid's range is provided. Ranges are based on the IUCN Red List for that species unless otherwise noted.
Classification
The family Molossidae consists of two subfamilies: Molossinae, containing 132 species divided into 21 genera, and Tomopeatinae, which consists of a single species.
Family Molossidae
- Subfamily Molossinae
- Genus Austronomus (Australasian free-tailed bats): two species
- Genus Cabreramops (Equatorial dog-faced bat): one species
- Genus Cheiromeles (naked bats): two species
- Genus Cynomops (dog-faced bats): nine species
- Genus Eumops (bonneted bats): seventeen species
- Genus Micronomus (east-coast free-tailed bat): one species
- Genus Molossops (dog-faced bats): three species
- Genus Molossus (velvety free-tailed bats): sixteen species
- Genus Mops (free-tailed bats): thirty-six species
- Genus Mormopterus (little mastiff bats): seven species
- Genus Myopterus (African free-tailed bats): two species
- Genus Neoplatymops (Mato Grosso dog-faced bat): one species
- Genus Nyctinomops (free-tailed bats): four species
- Genus Nyctinomus (Egyptian free-tailed bat): one species
- Genus Otomops (mastiff bats): eight species
- Genus Ozimops (Australian free-tailed bats): nine species
- Genus Platymops (Peters's flat-headed bat): one species
- Genus Promops (mastiff bats): three species
- Genus Sauromys (Roberts's flat-headed bat): one species
- Genus Setirostris (hairy-nosed free-tailed bat): one species
- Genus Tadarida (guano bats): seven species
- Subfamily Tomopeatinae
- Genus Tomopeas (blunt-eared bat): one species
|
Molossids
The following classification is based on the taxonomy described by the reference work Mammal Species of the World (2005), with augmentation by generally accepted proposals made since using molecular phylogenetic analysis, as supported by both the IUCN SSC Bat Specialist Group and the American Society of Mammalogists.[5][6][7]
Subfamily Molossinae
| Common name | Scientific name and subspecies | Range | Size and ecology | IUCN status and estimated population |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| White-striped free-tailed bat
|
A. australis Gray, 1838 |
Australia | Size: 8–10 cm (3–4 in), plus 4–6 cm (2 in) tail 5–7 cm (2–3 in) forearm length[8] Habitat: Forest, savanna, shrubland, grassland, and desert[9] |
LC
|
| New Guinea free-tailed bat
|
A. kuboriensis (McKean & Calaby, 1968) |
New Guinea | Size: 7–9 cm (3–4 in), plus 4–5 cm (2 in) tail 5–6 cm (2 in) forearm length[8] Habitat: Forest and grassland[10] |
LC
|
.jpg)
| Common name | Scientific name and subspecies | Range | Size and ecology | IUCN status and estimated population |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Equatorial dog-faced bat
|
C. aequatorianus A. Cabrera, 1917 |
Ecuador
|
Size: 4–6 cm (2 in), plus 2–4 cm (1–2 in) tail 3–4 cm (1–2 in) forearm length[11] Habitat: Forest[12] |
EN
|
| Common name | Scientific name and subspecies | Range | Size and ecology | IUCN status and estimated population |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hairless bat
|
C. torquatus Horsfield, 1824 |
Southeastern Asia
|
Size: 12–18 cm (5–7 in), plus 6–8 cm (2–3 in) tail 6–9 cm (2–4 in) forearm length[13] Habitat: Forest and caves[14] |
LC
|
| Lesser naked bat
|
C. parvidens Miller & Hollister, 1921 |
Indonesia and the Philippines
|
Size: 10–12 cm (4–5 in), plus 5–7 cm (2–3 in) tail 6–8 cm (2–3 in) forearm length[13] Habitat: Caves and forest[15] |
LC
|
| Common name | Scientific name and subspecies | Range | Size and ecology | IUCN status and estimated population |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Awa dog-faced bat
|
C. kuizha Arenas-Viveros, Sánchez-Vendizú, Giraldo, & Salazar-Bravo, 2021 |
Northwestern South America | Size: About 8 cm (3 in), plus about 2 cm (1 in) tail 3–5 cm (1–2 in) forearm length[11] Habitat: Forest[16] |
NE
|
| Cinnamon dog-faced bat
|
C. abrasus Temminck, 1827 |
South America
|
Size: 7–9 cm (3–4 in), plus 3–5 cm (1–2 in) tail 4–5 cm (2 in) forearm length[11] Habitat: Forest[16] |
DD
|
| Freeman's dog-faced bat
|
C. freemani Moras, Gregorin, Sattler, & Tavares, 2018 |
Panama | Size: 5–7 cm (2–3 in), plus 2–4 cm (1–2 in) tail 3–4 cm (1–2 in) forearm length[11] Habitat: Forest[17] |
NE
|
| Greenhall's dog-faced bat
|
C. greenhalli Goodwin, 1958 |
Northern South America
|
Size: 5–8 cm (2–3 in), plus 2–4 cm (1–2 in) tail 3–4 cm (1–2 in) forearm length[11] Habitat: Forest[18] |
LC
|
| Mastiff dog-faced bat
|
C. mastivus Thomas, 1911 |
Northern South America | Size: 7–9 cm (3–4 in), plus 3–5 cm (1–2 in) tail 4–6 cm (2 in) forearm length[11] Habitat: Forest[16] |
NE
|
| Mexican dog-faced bat
|
C. mexicanus Jones & Genoways, 1967 |
Scattered Mexico and Central America
|
Size: 6–8 cm (2–3 in), plus 2–4 cm (1–2 in) tail 3–4 cm (1–2 in) forearm length[11] Habitat: Forest[19] |
LC
|
| Miller's dog-faced bat
|
C. milleri (Osgood, 1914) |
Northwestern and central South America
|
Size: 5–8 cm (2–3 in), plus 2–4 cm (1–2 in) tail 3–4 cm (1–2 in) forearm length[11] Habitat: Forest[17] |
LC
|
| Southern dog-faced bat
|
C. planirostris Peters, 1866 |
South America
|
Size: 5–8 cm (2–3 in), plus 2–4 cm (1–2 in) tail 2–4 cm (1–2 in) forearm length[11] Habitat: Forest[20] |
LC
|
| Waorani dog-faced bat
|
C. tonkigui Moras, Gregorin, Sattler, & Tavares, 2018 |
Northwestern South America | Size: 5–7 cm (2–3 in), plus 2–3 cm (1–1 in) tail 3–4 cm (1–2 in) forearm length[11] Habitat: Forest[17] |
NE
|
_Figures_18%E2%80%9329.jpg)
| Common name | Scientific name and subspecies | Range | Size and ecology | IUCN status and estimated population |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Big bonneted bat
|
E. dabbenei Thomas, 1914 |
South America
|
Size: 7–12 cm (3–5 in), plus 5–7 cm (2–3 in) tail 7–9 cm (3–4 in) forearm length[21] Habitat: Forest and savanna[22] |
LC
|
| Black bonneted bat
|
E. auripendulus Shaw, 1800 Two subspecies
|
South America, Central America, and southern Mexico
|
Size: 7–10 cm (3–4 in), plus 4–7 cm (2–3 in) tail 5–7 cm (2–3 in) forearm length[21] Habitat: Forest and savanna[23] |
LC
|
| Chimaera bonneted bat
|
E. chimaera Gregorin, Moras, Acosta, Vasconcellos, Poma, Santos, & Paca, 2016 |
Southeastern South America | Size: 7–10 cm (3–4 in), plus 5–7 cm (2–3 in) tail 6–7 cm (2–3 in) forearm length[21] Habitat: Forest and caves[24] |
NE
|
| Chiribaya bonneted bat
|
E. chiribaya Medina, Gregorin, Zeballos, Zamora, & Moras, 2014 |
Southwestern Peru | Size: About 8 cm (3 in), plus 5–6 cm (2 in) tail 6–7 cm (2–3 in) forearm length[21] Habitat: Forest and caves |
NE
|
| Colombian bonneted bat
|
E. trumbulli (Thomas, 1901) |
North-central South America
|
Size: 9–13 cm (4–5 in), plus 4–6 cm (2 in) tail 6–8 cm (2–3 in) forearm length[21] Habitat: Forest and rocky areas[25] |
LC
|
| Delta bonneted bat
|
E. delticus Thomas, 1923 |
Northern South America
|
Size: 6–8 cm (2–3 in), plus 3–5 cm (1–2 in) tail 4–5 cm (2 in) forearm length[11] Habitat: Forest[26] |
DD
|
| Dwarf bonneted bat
|
E. bonariensis Peters, 1867 |
South America, Central America, and southern Mexico
|
Size: 7–9 cm (3–4 in), plus 3–5 cm (1–2 in) tail 4–5 cm (2 in) forearm length[21] Habitat: Forest[27] |
LC
|
| Fierce bonneted bat
|
E. ferox Gundlach, 1861 |
Central America, Cuba, and southern Mexico
|
Size: 7–10 cm (3–4 in), plus 4–6 cm (2 in) tail 5–7 cm (2–3 in) forearm length[21] Habitat: Forest[28] |
LC
|
| Florida bonneted bat
|
E. floridanus (Allen, 1932) |
Southern Florida
|
Size: 7–10 cm (3–4 in), plus 4–7 cm (2–3 in) tail 6–7 cm (2–3 in) forearm length[21] Habitat: Forest[29] |
VU
|
| Guianan bonneted bat
|
E. maurus Thomas, 1901 |
Scattered northern South America
|
Size: 6–9 cm (2–4 in), plus 4–6 cm (2 in) tail 5–7 cm (2–3 in) forearm length[21] Habitat: Savanna and forest[30] |
DD
|
| Northern dwarf bonneted bat
|
E. nanus Miller, 1900 |
Northern South America, Central America, and southern Mexico
|
Size: 4–7 cm (2–3 in), plus 2–5 cm (1–2 in) tail 3–5 cm (1–2 in) forearm length[21] Habitat: Forest[31] |
LC
|
| Patagonian bonneted bat
|
E. patagonicus Thomas, 1924 |
South-central South America
|
Size: 5–8 cm (2–3 in), plus 2–5 cm (1–2 in) tail 4–5 cm (2 in) forearm length[11] Habitat: Forest[32] |
LC
|
| Sanborn's bonneted bat
|
E. hansae Sanborn, 1932 |
South America, Central America, and southern Mexico
|
Size: 6–8 cm (2–3 in), plus 2–5 cm (1–2 in) tail 3–5 cm (1–2 in) forearm length[11] Habitat: Forest, savanna, and coastal marine[33] |
LC
|
| Underwood's bonneted bat
|
E. underwoodi Goodwin, 1940 |
Southern North America and Central America
|
Size: 8–12 cm (3–5 in), plus 4–7 cm (2–3 in) tail 6–8 cm (2–3 in) forearm length[21] Habitat: Forest and desert[34] |
LC
|
| Wagner's bonneted bat
|
E. glaucinus Wagner, 1843 |
South America, Central America, and southern Mexico
|
Size: 8–10 cm (3–4 in), plus 4–7 cm (2–3 in) tail 5–7 cm (2–3 in) forearm length[21] Habitat: Forest[35] |
LC
|
| Western mastiff bat
|
E. perotis Schinz, 1821 |
South America and southwestern North America
|
Size: 10–12 cm (4–5 in), plus 5–8 cm (2–3 in) tail 7–9 cm (3–4 in) forearm length[21] Habitat: Forest and caves[24] |
LC
|
| Wilson's bonneted bat
|
E. wilsoni Baker, McDonough, Swier, Larsen, Carrera, & Ammerman, 2009 |
Ecuador and Peru
|
Size: 6–9 cm (2–4 in), plus 4–5 cm (2 in) tail 5–6 cm (2 in) forearm length[21] Habitat: Forest[36] |
DD
|
.jpg)
| Common name | Scientific name and subspecies | Range | Size and ecology | IUCN status and estimated population |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| East-coast free-tailed bat
|
M. norfolkensis J. E. Gray, 1839 |
Eastern Australia | Size: 5–6 cm (2 in), plus 3–5 cm (1–2 in) tail 3–5 cm (1–2 in) forearm length[8] Habitat: Forest and shrubland[37] |
NT
|
| Common name | Scientific name and subspecies | Range | Size and ecology | IUCN status and estimated population |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dwarf dog-faced bat
|
M. temminckii Tullberg, 1893 |
South America
|
Size: 4–6 cm (2 in), plus 1–3 cm (0–1 in) tail 2–4 cm (1–2 in) forearm length[11] Habitat: Forest[38] |
LC
|
| Colombian dog-faced bat
|
M. griseiventer Sanborn, 1941 |
Colombia | Size: 4–6 cm (2 in), plus 1–3 cm (0–1 in) tail 2–4 cm (1–2 in) forearm length[11] Habitat: Forest[38] |
NE
|
| Rufous dog-faced bat
|
M. neglectus Williams & Genoways, 1980 |
South America
|
Size: 5–7 cm (2–3 in), plus 2–4 cm (1–2 in) tail 3–4 cm (1–2 in) forearm length[11] Habitat: Unknown[39] |
DD
|
_Figures_18%E2%80%9329_(cropped)_2.jpg)
| Common name | Scientific name and subspecies | Range | Size and ecology | IUCN status and estimated population |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Alvarez's mastiff bat
|
M. alvarezi González-Ruiz, Ramírez-Pulido, & Arroyo-Cabrales, 2011 |
Yucatán Peninsula
|
Size: 6–9 cm (2–4 in), plus 4–5 cm (2 in) tail 4–5 cm (2 in) forearm length[13] Habitat: Forest[40] |
DD
|
| Aztec mastiff bat
|
M. aztecus Saussure, 1860 |
Scattered Mexico and Central America
|
Size: 5–9 cm (2–4 in), plus 3–5 cm (1–2 in) tail 3–5 cm (1–2 in) forearm length[13] Habitat: Forest[41] |
LC
|
| Black mastiff bat
|
M. rufus Geoffroy, 1805 |
Mexico, Central America, and South America
|
Size: Unknown[13] Habitat: Forest and shrubland[42] |
LC
|
| Bonda mastiff bat
|
M. bondae Allen, 1904 |
Central America and northern South America | Size: 6–8 cm (2–3 in), plus 3–5 cm (1–2 in) tail 3–5 cm (1–2 in) forearm length[13] Habitat: Forest, savanna, and shrubland[43] |
LC
|
| Coiban mastiff bat
|
M. coibensis Allen, 1904 |
Northern South America and Central America
|
Size: 5–8 cm (2–3 in), plus 2–4 cm (1–2 in) tail 3–4 cm (1–2 in) forearm length[13] Habitat: Forest[44] |
LC
|
| Ebon mastiff bat
|
M. nigricans Miller, 1902 |
Mexico | Size: 8–11 cm (3–4 in), plus 3–6 cm (1–2 in) tail 4–6 cm (2 in) forearm length[13] Habitat: Forest and shrubland[42] |
NE
|
| Fenton's mastiff bat
|
M. fentoni Loureiro, Lim, & Engstrom, 2018 |
Guyana and Ecuador | Size: 5–7 cm (2–3 in), plus 3–4 cm (1–2 in) tail 3–4 cm (1–2 in) forearm length[13] Habitat: Forest[45] |
NE
|
| Keel-nosed mastiff bat
|
M. tropidorhynchus J. E. Gray, 1839 |
Cuba | Size: 5–8 cm (2–3 in), plus 3–5 cm (1–2 in) tail 3–5 cm (1–2 in) forearm length[13] Habitat: Forest[45] |
NE
|
| Melin's mastiff bat
|
M. melini Montani, Tomasco, Barberis, Romano, Barquez, & Díaz, 2021 |
Argentina | Size: 7–8 cm (3 in), plus 4–5 cm (2 in) tail 4–5 cm (2 in) forearm length[13] Habitat: Forest[41] |
NE
|
| Miller's mastiff bat
|
M. pretiosus Miller, 1902 |
Southern Mexico, Central America, and northern South America
|
Size: 7–8 cm (3 in), plus 3–5 cm (1–2 in) tail 4–6 cm (2 in) forearm length[11] Habitat: Forest and caves[46] |
LC
|
| Paraná mastiff bat
|
M. paranaensis Caraballo, Pavé, Argoitia, Schierloh, & Chambi Velasquez, 2024 |
Northeastern Argentina | Size: 5–8 cm (2–3 in), plus 3–5 cm (1–2 in) tail 3–5 cm (1–2 in) forearm length[13] Habitat: Forest and shrubland[42] |
NE
|
| River mastiff bat
|
M. fluminensis Lataste, 1891 |
Guyana and Ecuador | Size: Unknown[11] Habitat: Forest and shrubland[42] |
NE
|
| Sinaloan mastiff bat
|
M. sinaloae Allen, 1906 Two subspecies
|
Southern Mexico, Central America, and northern South America
|
Size: 7–9 cm (3–4 in), plus 4–6 cm (2 in) tail 4–5 cm (2 in) forearm length[11] Habitat: Forest and caves[47] |
LC
|
| Thomas's mastiff bat
|
M. currentium Thomas, 1900 |
South-central South America | Size: 6–8 cm (2–3 in), plus 3–5 cm (1–2 in) tail 3–5 cm (1–2 in) forearm length[13] Habitat: Forest, savanna, and grassland[48] |
LC
|
| Verrill's mastiff bat
|
M. verrilli Allen, 1908 |
Dominican Republic and Haiti | Size: 5–8 cm (2–3 in), plus 3–5 cm (1–2 in) tail 3–5 cm (1–2 in) forearm length[13] Habitat: Forest[45] |
NE
|
| Velvety free-tailed bat
|
M. molossus (Pallas, 1766) Five subspecies
|
Mexico, Caribbean, Central America, and South America
|
Size: 5–8 cm (2–3 in), plus 3–5 cm (1–2 in) tail 3–5 cm (1–2 in) forearm length[13] Habitat: Forest[45] |
LC
|
_Figures_32%E2%80%9341.jpg)
| Common name | Scientific name and subspecies | Range | Size and ecology | IUCN status and estimated population |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Angolan free-tailed bat
|
M. condylurus Smith, 1833 |
Sub-Saharan Africa | Size: 6–8 cm (2–3 in), plus 3–6 cm (1–2 in) tail 4–6 cm (2 in) forearm length[49] Habitat: Savanna[50] |
LC
|
| Ansorge's free-tailed bat
|
M. ansorgei (Thomas, 1913) |
Sub-Saharan Africa | Size: 6–9 cm (2–4 in), plus 3–5 cm (1–2 in) tail 4–6 cm (2 in) forearm length[21] Habitat: Forest, savanna, and rocky areas[51] |
LC
|
| Bakari's free-tailed bat
|
M. bakarii Stanley, 2008 |
Tanzania | Size: 6–7 cm (2–3 in), plus 2–4 cm (1–2 in) tail 3–4 cm (1–2 in) forearm length[49] Habitat: Forest[52] |
DD
|
| Black and red free-tailed bat
|
M. jobimena Goodman & Cardiff, 2004 |
Western Madagascar
|
Size: 7–8 cm (3 in), plus 3–6 cm (1–2 in) tail 4–5 cm (2 in) forearm length[49] Habitat: Caves and forest[53] |
LC
|
| Chapin's free-tailed bat
|
M. chapini Allen, 1917 |
Central and western Africa | Size: 5–6 cm (2 in), plus 2–5 cm (1–2 in) tail 3–4 cm (1–2 in) forearm length[49] Habitat: Savanna[54] |
LC
|
| Duke of Abruzzi's free-tailed bat
|
M. aloysiisabaudiae (Festa, 1907) |
Central and western Africa | Size: 7–9 cm (3–4 in), plus 3–5 cm (1–2 in) tail 4–6 cm (2 in) forearm length[21] Habitat: Savanna and forest[55] |
LC
|
| Dwarf free-tailed bat
|
M. nanulus Allen, 1917 |
Central and western Africa | Size: 5–6 cm (2 in), plus 1–3 cm (0–1 in) tail 2–4 cm (1–2 in) forearm length[49] Habitat: Forest[56] |
LC
|
| Fijian mastiff bat
|
M. bregullae (Felten, 1964) |
Fiji and Vanuatu Error creating thumbnail: |
Size: 6–7 cm (2–3 in), plus 4–5 cm (2 in) tail 5–6 cm (2 in) forearm length[49] Habitat: Forest and caves[57] |
EN
|
| Gallagher's free-tailed bat
|
M. gallagheri (Harrison, 1975) |
Democratic Republic of the Congo
|
Size: About 5 cm (2 in), plus about 3 cm (1 in) tail About 4 cm (2 in) forearm length[49] Habitat: Forest[58] |
DD
|
| Gland-tailed free-tailed bat
|
M. bemmeleni (Jentink, 1879) Two subspecies
|
Central and western Africa | Size: 6–7 cm (2–3 in), plus 3–4 cm (1–2 in) tail 4–5 cm (2 in) forearm length[21] Habitat: Forest and savanna[59] |
LC
|
| Grandidier's free-tailed bat
|
M. leucogaster (Grandidier, 1869) |
Madagascar | Size: 5–7 cm (2–3 in), plus 2–4 cm (1–2 in) tail 3–4 cm (1–2 in) forearm length[49] Habitat: Forest and savanna[60] |
LC
|
| Lappet-eared free-tailed bat
|
M. major (Trouessart, 1897) |
Eastern and western Africa | Size: 5–8 cm (2–3 in), plus 2–5 cm (1–2 in) tail 3–5 cm (1–2 in) forearm length[49] Habitat: Savanna and rocky areas[61] |
LC
|
| Little free-tailed bat | M. pumilus (Cretzschmar, 1826) |
Sub-Saharan Africa | Size: 4–7 cm (2–3 in), plus 2–4 cm (1–2 in) tail 3–5 cm (1–2 in) forearm length[49] Habitat: Forest, savanna, and shrubland[62] |
LC
|
| Madagascar free-tailed bat
|
M. atsinanana Goodman, Buccas, Naidoo, Ratrimomanarivo, Taylor, & Lamb, 2010 |
Eastern Madagascar | Size: 6–7 cm (2–3 in), plus 2–4 cm (1–2 in) tail 3–5 cm (1–2 in) forearm length[49] Habitat: Forest[63] |
LC
|
| Malagasy white-bellied free-tailed bat
|
M. leucostigma Allen, 1918 |
Madagascar Map of range |
Size: 7–9 cm (3–4 in), plus 3–5 cm (1–2 in) tail 4–5 cm (2 in) forearm length[8] Habitat: Forest and caves[64] |
LC
|
| Malayan free-tailed bat
|
M. mops (Blainville, 1840) |
Indonesia and Malaysia Map of range |
Size: 6–8 cm (2–3 in), plus 3–4 cm (1–2 in) tail 4–5 cm (2 in) forearm length[8] Habitat: Forest[65] |
NT
|
| Medje free-tailed bat
|
M. congicus Allen, 1917 |
Central Africa | Size: 9–10 cm (4 in), plus 3–6 cm (1–2 in) tail 5–6 cm (2 in) forearm length[49] Habitat: Forest[66] |
LC
|
| Midas free-tailed bat | M. midas (Sundevall, 1843) |
Scattered Africa | Size: 8–10 cm (3–4 in), plus 3–6 cm (1–2 in) tail 5–7 cm (2–3 in) forearm length[49] Habitat: Forest, savanna, and desert[67] |
LC
|
| Mongalla free-tailed bat | M. demonstrator Thomas, 1903 |
Western and central Africa | Size: 7–9 cm (3–4 in), plus 2–4 cm (1–2 in) tail 4–5 cm (2 in) forearm length[49] Habitat: Savanna[68] |
LC
|
| Niangara free-tailed bat
|
M. niangarae Allen, 1917 |
Central Africa | Size: About 9 cm (4 in), plus about 3 cm (1 in) tail About 5 cm (2 in) forearm length[49] Habitat: Unknown[69] |
DD
|
| Nigerian free-tailed bat | M. nigeriae Thomas, 1913 Two subspecies
|
Sub-Saharan Africa | Size: 6–8 cm (2–3 in), plus 3–6 cm (1–2 in) tail 4–6 cm (2 in) forearm length[49] Habitat: Savanna and forest[70] |
LC
|
| Northern freetail bat
|
M. jobensis (Miller, 1902) Two subspecies
|
Northern Australia and southeastern Asia | Size: 5–9 cm (2–4 in), plus 3–5 cm (1–2 in) tail 4–6 cm (2 in) forearm length[49] Habitat: Forest, savanna, shrubland, and caves[71] |
LC
|
| Northern free-tailed bat
|
M. johorensis (Dobson, 1873) |
Indonesia and Malaysia Map of range |
Size: 6–8 cm (2–3 in), plus 3–5 cm (1–2 in) tail 4–5 cm (2 in) forearm length[49] Habitat: Forest[72] |
VU
|
| Peterson's free-tailed bat
|
M. petersoni El-Rayah, 1981 |
Western Africa | Size: About 7 cm (3 in), plus about 3 cm (1 in) tail 3–4 cm (1–2 in) forearm length[49] Habitat: Forest[73] |
NT
|
| Railer bat | M. thersites (Thomas, 1903) |
Western and central Africa | Size: 6–7 cm (2–3 in), plus 2–4 cm (1–2 in) tail 3–5 cm (1–2 in) forearm length[8] Habitat: Forest[74] |
LC
|
| Russet free-tailed bat
|
M. russatus Allen, 1917 |
Western and central Africa | Size: 6–8 cm (2–3 in), plus 2–4 cm (1–2 in) tail 4–5 cm (2 in) forearm length[49] Habitat: Forest and savanna[75] |
DD
|
| São Tomé free-tailed bat
|
M. tomensis (Juste & Ibáñez, 1993) |
São Tomé and Príncipe
|
Size: 5–6 cm (2 in), plus 2–4 cm (1–2 in) tail 3–4 cm (1–2 in) forearm length[49] Habitat: Forest and savanna[76] |
EN
|
| Seychelles free-tailed bat
|
M. pusillus Miller, 1902 |
Comoro Islands and Seychelles | Size: 5–6 cm (2 in), plus 2–4 cm (1–2 in) tail 3–4 cm (1–2 in) forearm length[49] Habitat: Forest[77] |
VU
|
| Sierra Leone free-tailed bat
|
M. brachypterus (Peters, 1852) Two subspecies
|
Western, central, and eastern Africa | Size: 5–7 cm (2–3 in), plus 2–4 cm (1–2 in) tail 3–5 cm (1–2 in) forearm length[49] Habitat: Forest[78] |
LC
|
| Solomons mastiff bat
|
M. solomonis Troughton, 1931 |
Solomon Islands | Size: 5–7 cm (2–3 in), plus 3–4 cm (1–2 in) tail 4–5 cm (2 in) forearm length[49] Habitat: Forest, caves, and coastal marine[79] |
EN
|
| Spotted free-tailed bat | M. bivittatus (Heuglin, 1861) |
Eastern Africa | Size: 7–9 cm (3–4 in), plus 3–5 cm (1–2 in) tail 4–6 cm (2 in) forearm length[49] Habitat: Savanna, rocky areas, and caves[80] |
LC
|
| Spurrell's free-tailed bat
|
M. spurrelli Dollman, 1911 |
Western and central Africa | Size: 5–7 cm (2–3 in), plus 2–3 cm (1 in) tail 2–3 cm (1 in) forearm length[8] Habitat: Forest[81] |
LC
|
| Sulawesi free-tailed bat
|
M. sarasinorum (von Meyer, 1899) Two subspecies
|
Indonesia and the Philippines Map of range |
Size: 6–8 cm (2–3 in), plus 3–4 cm (1–2 in) tail 3–5 cm (1–2 in) forearm length[8] Habitat: Forest[82] |
DD
|
| Trevor's free-tailed bat | M. trevori Allen, 1917 |
Western and central Africa | Size: 8–9 cm (3–4 in), plus 3–5 cm (1–2 in) tail 5–6 cm (2 in) forearm length[8] Habitat: Forest and savanna[83] |
DD
|
| White-bellied free-tailed bat
|
M. niveiventer Cabrera & Ruxton, 1926 |
Central Africa | Size: 7–8 cm (3 in), plus 3–4 cm (1–2 in) tail 4–5 cm (2 in) forearm length[49] Habitat: Forest and savanna[84] |
LC
|
| Wrinkle-lipped free-tailed bat | M. plicatus Buchanan, 1880 |
Eastern and southeastern Asia Map of range |
Size: 6–8 cm (2–3 in), plus 2–4 cm (1–2 in) tail 4–5 cm (2 in) forearm length[49] Habitat: Forest and caves[85] |
LC
|
| Common name | Scientific name and subspecies | Range | Size and ecology | IUCN status and estimated population |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Incan little mastiff bat
|
M. phrudus Handley, 1956 |
Peru
|
Size: 5–6 cm (2 in), plus 2–4 cm (1–2 in) tail 3–4 cm (1–2 in) forearm length[13] Habitat: Forest and caves[86] |
VU
|
| Kalinowski's mastiff bat
|
M. kalinowskii (Thomas, 1893) |
Peru and northern Chile
|
Size: 4–6 cm (2 in), plus 2–4 cm (1–2 in) tail 3–4 cm (1–2 in) forearm length[13] Habitat: Shrubland and caves[87] |
LC
|
| Little goblin bat
|
M. minutus (Miller, 1899) |
Cuba | Size: 4–5 cm (2 in), plus 2–4 cm (1–2 in) tail 2–4 cm (1–2 in) forearm length[13] Habitat: Forest[88] |
VU
|
| Natal free-tailed bat
|
M. acetabulosus Hermann, 1804 |
Island of Mauritius | Size: 4–6 cm (2 in), plus 4–5 cm (2 in) tail 3–5 cm (1–2 in) forearm length[13] Habitat: Forest, shrubland, and caves[89] |
EN
|
| Peters's wrinkle-lipped bat
|
M. jugularis Peters, 1865 |
Madagascar
|
Size: 6–7 cm (2–3 in), plus 2–4 cm (1–2 in) tail 3–4 cm (1–2 in) forearm length[13] Habitat: Forest, rocky areas, and caves[90] |
LC
|
| Reunion little mastiff bat
|
M. francoismoutoui Goodman, Vuuren, Ratrimomanarivo, Probst, & Bowie, 2008 |
Island of Réunion
|
Size: 5–6 cm (2 in), plus 3–5 cm (1–2 in) tail 3–5 cm (1–2 in) forearm length[13] Habitat: Rocky areas[91] |
LC
|
| Sumatran mastiff bat
|
M. doriae K. Andersen, 1907 |
Island of Sumatra in Indonesia | Size: Unknown length, plus about 3 cm (1 in) tail About 4 cm (2 in) forearm length[13] Habitat: Unknown[92] |
DD
|
| Common name | Scientific name and subspecies | Range | Size and ecology | IUCN status and estimated population |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bini free-tailed bat
|
M. whitleyi (Scharff, 1900) |
Central Africa | Size: 5–6 cm (2 in), plus 2–4 cm (1–2 in) tail 3–4 cm (1–2 in) forearm length[8] Habitat: Forest[93] |
LC
|
| Daubenton's free-tailed bat
|
M. daubentonii Desmarest, 1820 Two subspecies
|
Western and central Africa | Size: 6–8 cm (2–3 in), plus 3–5 cm (1–2 in) tail 4–6 cm (2 in) forearm length[8] Habitat: Forest and savanna[94] |
DD
|
| Common name | Scientific name and subspecies | Range | Size and ecology | IUCN status and estimated population |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mato Grosso dog-faced bat
|
N. mattogrossensis Vieira, 1942 |
Northern South America
|
Size: 4–6 cm (2 in), plus 2–3 cm (1 in) tail 2–3 cm (1 in) forearm length[11] Habitat: Forest and rocky areas[95] |
LC
|
| Common name | Scientific name and subspecies | Range | Size and ecology | IUCN status and estimated population |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Big free-tailed bat
|
N. macrotis (Gray, 1839) |
North and South America
|
Size: 7–9 cm (3–4 in), plus 4–7 cm (2–3 in) tail 5–7 cm (2–3 in) forearm length[11] Habitat: Forest[96] |
LC
|
| Broad-eared bat
|
N. laticaudatus Geoffroy, 1805 Five subspecies
|
Mexico, Central America, and South America
|
Size: 5–7 cm (2–3 in), plus 3–5 cm (1–2 in) tail 4–5 cm (2 in) forearm length[11] Habitat: Forest[97] |
LC
|
| Peale's free-tailed bat
|
N. aurispinosus Peale, 1848 |
Mexico and South America
|
Size: 6–8 cm (2–3 in), plus 4–6 cm (2 in) tail 4–6 cm (2 in) forearm length[11] Habitat: Forest and caves[98] |
LC
|
| Pocketed free-tailed bat
|
N. femorosaccus (Merriam, 1889) |
Mexico and southern United States
|
Size: 6–8 cm (2–3 in), plus 3–5 cm (1–2 in) tail 4–5 cm (2 in) forearm length[11] Habitat: Rocky areas and caves[99] |
LC
|
.jpg)
| Common name | Scientific name and subspecies | Range | Size and ecology | IUCN status and estimated population |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Egyptian free-tailed bat
|
N. aegyptiaca Geoffroy, 1818 |
Scattered Africa, Arabian Peninsula, and southern Asia | Size: 6–9 cm (2–4 in), plus 3–5 cm (1–2 in) tail 4–6 cm (2 in) forearm length[8] Habitat: Savanna and shrubland[100] |
LC
|
| Common name | Scientific name and subspecies | Range | Size and ecology | IUCN status and estimated population |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Big-eared mastiff bat
|
O. papuensis Lawrence, 1948 |
Papua New Guinea | Size: 6–8 cm (2–3 in), plus 3–4 cm (1–2 in) tail 4–6 cm (2 in) forearm length[21] Habitat: Forest[101] |
DD
|
| Harrison's large-eared giant mastiff bat
|
O. harrisoni Ralph, Richards, Taylor, Napier, & Lamb, 2015 |
Eastern Africa and southern Arabian Peninsula
|
Size: 9–11 cm (4 in), plus 4–6 cm (2 in) tail 6–8 cm (2–3 in) forearm length[21] Habitat: Forest and savanna[102] |
VU
|
| Javan mastiff bat
|
O. formosus Chasen, 1939 |
Indonesia | Size: 7–9 cm (3–4 in), plus 3–5 cm (1–2 in) tail 5–6 cm (2 in) forearm length[21] Habitat: Unknown[103] |
DD
|
| Johnstone's mastiff bat
|
O. johnstonei Kitchener, How, & Maryanto, 1992 |
Indonesia
|
Size: About 8 cm (3 in), plus about 4 cm (2 in) tail About 6 cm (2 in) forearm length[21] Habitat: Forest[104] |
DD
|
| Large-eared free-tailed bat
|
O. martiensseni Matschie, 1897 |
Scattered Sub-Saharan Africa
|
Size: 8–11 cm (3–4 in), plus 3–6 cm (1–2 in) tail 6–7 cm (2–3 in) forearm length[21] Habitat: Forest and savanna[105] |
NT
|
| Madagascar free-tailed bat
|
O. madagascariensis Dorst, 1953 |
Madagascar
|
Size: 8–10 cm (3–4 in), plus 3–5 cm (1–2 in) tail 5–7 cm (2–3 in) forearm length[21] Habitat: Forest and caves[106] |
LC
|
| Mantled mastiff bat
|
O. secundus Hayman, 1952 |
Papua New Guinea | Size: 7–8 cm (3 in), plus 3–4 cm (1–2 in) tail about 6 cm (2 in) forearm length[21] Habitat: Forest[107] |
DD
|
| Wroughton's free-tailed bat
|
O. wroughtoni (Thomas, 1913) |
Scattered southern Asia
|
Size: 8–10 cm (3–4 in), plus 4–5 cm (2 in) tail 6–7 cm (2–3 in) forearm length[21] Habitat: Forest and caves[108] |
DD
|
| Common name | Scientific name and subspecies | Range | Size and ecology | IUCN status and estimated population |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Beccari's free-tailed bat
|
O. beccarii Peters, 1881 Two subspecies
|
Indonesia and Papua New Guinea | Size: 5–7 cm (2–3 in), plus 2–4 cm (1–2 in) tail 3–4 cm (1–2 in) forearm length[8] Habitat: Forest, savanna, shrubland, and caves[109] |
LC
|
| Cape York free-tailed bat
|
O. halli (Reardon, McKenzie, & Adams, 2014) |
Northern Australia | Size: 4–6 cm (2 in), plus 2–4 cm (1–2 in) tail 3–4 cm (1–2 in) forearm length[8] Habitat: Forest[110] |
DD
|
| Inland free-tailed bat
|
O. petersi (Leche, 1884) |
Australia | Size: 4–6 cm (2 in), plus 3–4 cm (1–2 in) tail 3–4 cm (1–2 in) forearm length[8] Habitat: Desert, inland wetlands, grassland, and shrubland[111] |
LC
|
| Loria's free-tailed bat
|
O. loriae Thomas, 1897 |
Papua New Guinea | Size: 4–5 cm (2 in), plus about 3 cm (1 in) tail 3–4 cm (1–2 in) forearm length[8] Habitat: Forest[112] |
DD
|
| Lumsden's free-tailed bat
|
O. lumsdenae (Reardon, McKenzie, & Adams, 2014) |
Northern Australia | Size: 5–7 cm (2–3 in), plus 3–4 cm (1–2 in) tail 3–5 cm (1–2 in) forearm length[8] Habitat: Forest, shrubland, grassland, and inland wetlands[113] |
LC
|
| Northern coastal free-tailed bat
|
O. cobourgianus (Johnson, 1959) |
Northern Australia | Size: 4–6 cm (2 in), plus 2–4 cm (1–2 in) tail 3–4 cm (1–2 in) forearm length[8] Habitat: Forest and other[114] |
LC
|
| Ride's free-tailed bat
|
O. ridei Felten, 1964 |
Eastern Australia | Size: 5–6 cm (2 in), plus 2–4 cm (1–2 in) tail 3–4 cm (1–2 in) forearm length[8] Habitat: Forest, shrubland, and inland wetlands[115] |
LC
|
| South-western free-tailed bat
|
O. kitcheneri (Reardon, McKenzie, & Adams, 2014) |
Southwestern Australia | Size: 5–6 cm (2 in), plus 2–4 cm (1–2 in) tail 3–4 cm (1–2 in) forearm length[8] Habitat: Forest and shrubland[116] |
LC
|
| Southern free-tailed bat | O. planiceps Peters, 1866 |
Australia
|
Size: 5–6 cm (2 in), plus 2–4 cm (1–2 in) tail 3–4 cm (1–2 in) forearm length[8] Habitat: Forest and shrubland[117] |
LC
|
| Common name | Scientific name and subspecies | Range | Size and ecology | IUCN status and estimated population |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Peters's flat-headed bat
|
P. setiger (Peters, 1878) |
Eastern Africa | Size: 5–8 cm (2–3 in), plus 2–4 cm (1–2 in) tail 2–4 cm (1–2 in) forearm length[8] Habitat: Savanna and rocky areas[118] |
LC
|
| Common name | Scientific name and subspecies | Range | Size and ecology | IUCN status and estimated population |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Big crested mastiff bat
|
P. centralis Thomas, 1915 |
Southern Mexico, Central America, and South America
|
Size: 5–10 cm (2–4 in), plus 4–7 cm (2–3 in) tail 4–6 cm (2 in) forearm length[11] Habitat: Forest and unknown[119] |
LC
|
| Brown mastiff bat
|
P. nasutus Spix, 1823 |
South America
|
Size: 6–8 cm (2–3 in), plus 4–6 cm (2 in) tail 4–6 cm (2 in) forearm length[11] Habitat: Unknown[120] |
LC
|
| Davison's mastiff bat
|
P. davisoni Thomas, 1921 |
Peru and Ecuador | Size: 5–8 cm (2–3 in), plus 4–6 cm (2 in) tail 4–6 cm (2 in) forearm length[11] Habitat: Forest[121] |
DD
|
| Common name | Scientific name and subspecies | Range | Size and ecology | IUCN status and estimated population |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Roberts's flat-headed bat
|
S. petrophilus (Roberts, 1917) Five subspecies
|
Southern Africa | Size: 6–9 cm (2–4 in), plus 2–5 cm (1–2 in) tail 3–5 cm (1–2 in) forearm length[8] Habitat: Savanna, shrubland, and rocky areas[122] |
LC
|
| Common name | Scientific name and subspecies | Range | Size and ecology | IUCN status and estimated population |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hairy-nosed free-tailed bat
|
S. eleryi Reardon & McKenzie, 2008 |
Australia
|
Size: 4–5 cm (2 in), plus 2–4 cm (1–2 in) tail 3–4 cm (1–2 in) forearm length[8] Habitat: Savanna, shrubland, and rocky areas[123] |
NT
|
| Common name | Scientific name and subspecies | Range | Size and ecology | IUCN status and estimated population |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| African giant free-tailed bat
|
T. ventralis (Heuglin, 1861) |
Eastern Africa | Size: 9–11 cm (4 in), plus 5–7 cm (2–3 in) tail 6–7 cm (2–3 in) forearm length[8] Habitat: Savanna and rocky areas[124] |
DD
|
| East Asian free-tailed bat
|
T. insignis (Blyth, 1862) |
Eastern Asia | Size: 8–11 cm (3–4 in), plus 4–6 cm (2 in) tail 5–7 cm (2–3 in) forearm length[8] Habitat: Coastal marine, caves, grassland, and forest[125] |
DD
|
| European free-tailed bat
|
T. teniotis (Rafinesque, 1814) |
Southern Europe, northern Africa, western Asia, and scattered central Asia
|
Size: 8–9 cm (3–4 in), plus 3–6 cm (1–2 in) tail 5–7 cm (2–3 in) forearm length[8] Habitat: Shrubland, grassland, rocky areas, caves, and desert[126] |
LC
|
| Kenyan big-eared free-tailed bat
|
T. lobata Thomas, 1891 |
Eastern and southern Africa | Size: 7–9 cm (3–4 in), plus 4–6 cm (2 in) tail 5–7 cm (2–3 in) forearm length[8] Habitat: Savanna and rocky areas[127] |
LC
|
| La Touche's free-tailed bat
|
T. latouchei Thomas, 1920 |
Eastern and southeastern Asia
|
Size: 6–8 cm (2–3 in), plus 4–5 cm (2 in) tail 5–6 cm (2 in) forearm length[8] Habitat: Caves and forest[128] |
EN
|
| Madagascan large free-tailed bat
|
T. fulminans Thomas, 1903 |
Eastern and southern Africa and Madagascar | Size: 7–10 cm (3–4 in), plus 5–7 cm (2–3 in) tail 5–7 cm (2–3 in) forearm length[8] Habitat: Forest, savanna, and rocky areas[129] |
LC
|
| Mexican free-tailed bat
|
T. brasiliensis (Geoffroy, 1824) |
North America and South America
|
Size: 4–7 cm (2–3 in), plus 2–5 cm (1–2 in) tail 3–5 cm (1–2 in) forearm length[8] Habitat: Forest, rocky areas, caves, and desert[130] |
LC |
.jpg)
Subfamily Tomopeatinae
| Common name | Scientific name and subspecies | Range | Size and ecology | IUCN status and estimated population |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Blunt-eared bat
|
T. ravus Miller, 1900 |
Peru
|
Size: 3–5 cm (1–2 in), plus 2–5 cm (1–2 in) tail 3–4 cm (1–2 in) forearm length[13] Habitat: Caves[131] |
EN
|
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Nowak, pp. 230, 232
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Russell, A. L.; Cox, M. P.; Brown, V. A.; McCracken, G. F. (2011). "Population growth of Mexican free-tailed bats (Tadarida brasiliensis mexicana) predates human agricultural activity". BMC Evolutionary Biology 11 (1). doi:10.1186/1471-2148-11-88. PMID 21457563. Bibcode: 2011BMCEE..11...88R.
- ↑ "Fossilworks: Molossidae". Paleobiology Database. University of Wisconsin–Madison. https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=40693.
- ↑ Ammerman, L. K.; Lee, D. N.; Tipps, T. M. (2012). "First molecular phylogenetic insights into the evolution of free-tailed bats in the subfamily Molossinae (Molossidae, Chiroptera)". Journal of Mammalogy 93 (1): 12–28. doi:10.1644/11-MAMM-A-103.1.
- ↑ Wilson, Reeder, pp. 432–450
- ↑ "Molossidae". American Society of Mammalogists. https://www.mammaldiversity.org/family/molossidae/.
- ↑ Simmons, Nancy B.; Cirranello, Andrea L. (2026). "Molossidae". American Museum of Natural History. https://batnames.org/family/molossidae.
- ↑ 8.00 8.01 8.02 8.03 8.04 8.05 8.06 8.07 8.08 8.09 8.10 8.11 8.12 8.13 8.14 8.15 8.16 8.17 8.18 8.19 8.20 8.21 8.22 8.23 8.24 8.25 8.26 8.27 8.28 8.29 8.30 Chernasky; Motis; Burgin, pp. 523–525
- ↑ 9.0 9.1 Pennay, M. (2020). "Austronomus australis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2020. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-3.RLTS.T21313A22121905.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/21313/22121905.
- ↑ 10.0 10.1 Armstrong, K. N. (2021). "Austronomus kuboriensis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2021. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-3.RLTS.T136201A22009294.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/136201/22009294.
- ↑ 11.00 11.01 11.02 11.03 11.04 11.05 11.06 11.07 11.08 11.09 11.10 11.11 11.12 11.13 11.14 11.15 11.16 11.17 11.18 11.19 11.20 11.21 11.22 11.23 11.24 11.25 11.26 Chernasky; Motis; Burgin, pp. 517–518
- ↑ 12.0 12.1 Tirira, D. (2016). "Molossops aequatorianus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2016. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-1.RLTS.T13638A22109325.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/13638/22109325.
- ↑ 13.00 13.01 13.02 13.03 13.04 13.05 13.06 13.07 13.08 13.09 13.10 13.11 13.12 13.13 13.14 13.15 13.16 13.17 13.18 13.19 13.20 13.21 13.22 Chernasky; Motis; Burgin, pp. 515–516
- ↑ 14.0 14.1 Senawi, J.; Csorba, G.; Bumrungsri, S.; Francis, C.; Bates, P. J. J.; Gumal, M.; Kingston, T. (2019). "Cheiromeles torquatus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2019. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-3.RLTS.T4601A22035361.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/4601/22035361.
- ↑ 15.0 15.1 Alviola, P. A.; Duya, M. R.; Alvarez, J.; Fidelino, J.; Gatan-Balbas, M.; Pedregosa, M.; Veluz, M. J.; Jakosalem, P. G. et al. (2019). "Cheiromeles parvidens". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2019. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-3.RLTS.T4600A22034921.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/4600/22034921.
- ↑ 16.0 16.1 16.2 16.3 Barquez, R.; Diaz, M. (2016). "Cynomops abrasus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2016. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-2.RLTS.T13637A22109417.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/13637/22109417.
- ↑ 17.0 17.1 17.2 17.3 Solari, S. (2016). "Cynomops milleri". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2016. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T87993512A87993515.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/87993512/87993515.
- ↑ 18.0 18.1 Solari, S. (2015). "Cynomops greenhalli". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2015. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2015-4.RLTS.T13639A22109178.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/13639/22109178.
- ↑ 19.0 19.1 Rodriguez, B.; Miller, B. (2015). "Cynomops mexicanus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2015. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2015-4.RLTS.T136611A21987867.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/136611/21987867.
- ↑ 20.0 20.1 Barquez, R.; Diaz, M. (2015). "Cynomops planirostris". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2015. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2015-4.RLTS.T13642A22108538.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/13642/22108538.
- ↑ 21.00 21.01 21.02 21.03 21.04 21.05 21.06 21.07 21.08 21.09 21.10 21.11 21.12 21.13 21.14 21.15 21.16 21.17 21.18 21.19 21.20 21.21 21.22 21.23 21.24 Chernasky; Motis; Burgin, pp. 519–520
- ↑ 22.0 22.1 Barquez, R.; Diaz, M. (2015). "Eumops dabbenei". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2015. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2015-4.RLTS.T8243A22026659.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/8243/22026659.
- ↑ 23.0 23.1 Barquez, R.; Rodriguez, B.; Miller, B.; Diaz, M. (2015). "Eumops auripendulus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2015. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2015-4.RLTS.T8241A22026938.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/8241/22026938.
- ↑ 24.0 24.1 24.2 Barquez, R.; Diaz, M. (2015). "Eumops perotis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2015. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2015-4.RLTS.T8247A22026043.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/8247/22026043.
- ↑ 25.0 25.1 Solari, S. (2019). "Eumops trumbulli". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2019. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-1.RLTS.T136809A22043483.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/136809/22043483.
- ↑ 26.0 26.1 Solari, S. (2018). "Eumops delticus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2018. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2018-2.RLTS.T87993965A87993968.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/87993965/87993968.
- ↑ 27.0 27.1 Barquez, R.; Diaz, M.; Gonzalez, E. (2016). "Eumops bonariensis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2016. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T87993837A22026755.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/87993837/22026755.
- ↑ 28.0 28.1 Solari, S. (2019). "Eumops ferox". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2019. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-2.RLTS.T87994072A87994075.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/87994072/87994075.
- ↑ 29.0 29.1 Solari, S. (2016). "Eumops floridanus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2016. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-1.RLTS.T136433A21984011.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/136433/21984011.
- ↑ 30.0 30.1 Sampaio, E.; Lim, B.; Peters, S. (2016). "Eumops maurus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2016. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-2.RLTS.T8246A22026206.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/8246/22026206.
- ↑ 31.0 31.1 Solari, S. (2017). "Eumops nanus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2017. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-2.RLTS.T87994060A87994063.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/87994060/87994063.
- ↑ 32.0 32.1 Barquez, R.; Gonzalez, E. (2015). "Eumops patagonicus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2015. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2015-4.RLTS.T136825A22044762.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/136825/22044762.
- ↑ 33.0 33.1 Pineda, J.; Rodriguez, B. (2015). "Eumops hansae". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2015. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2015-4.RLTS.T8245A22026314.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/8245/22026314.
- ↑ 34.0 34.1 Miller, B.; Reid, F.; Arroyo-Cabrales, J.; Cuarón, A. D.; de Grammont, P. C. (2016). "Eumops underwoodi". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2016. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-2.RLTS.T8248A22025754.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/8248/22025754.
- ↑ 35.0 35.1 Barquez, R.; Diaz, M. (2016). "Eumops glaucinus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2016. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T87994083A22026467.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/87994083/22026467.
- ↑ 36.0 36.1 Solari, S. (2016). "Eumops wilsoni". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2016. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T87993523A87993526.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/87993523/87993526.
- ↑ 37.0 37.1 McConville, A.; Pennay, M. (2020). "Micronomus norfolkensis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2020. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-3.RLTS.T76776686A22084304.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/76776686/22084304.
- ↑ 38.0 38.1 38.2 Barquez, R.; Diaz, M. (2015). "Molossops temminckii". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2015. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2015-4.RLTS.T13643A22108409.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/13643/22108409.
- ↑ 39.0 39.1 Barquez, R.; Diaz, M. (2016). "Molossops neglectus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2016. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-2.RLTS.T13641A22108928.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/13641/22108928.
- ↑ 40.0 40.1 Solari, S. (2016). "Molossus alvarezi". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2016. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T88087329A88087332.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/88087329/88087332.
- ↑ 41.0 41.1 41.2 Solari, S. (2019). "Molossus aztecus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2019. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-1.RLTS.T13645A22107522.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/13645/22107522.
- ↑ 42.0 42.1 42.2 42.3 42.4 Barquez, R.; Rodriguez, B.; Miller, B.; Diaz, M. (2015). "Molossus rufus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2015. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2015-4.RLTS.T13644A22107969.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/13644/22107969.
- ↑ 43.0 43.1 Solari, S. (2017). "Molossus bondae". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2017. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-2.RLTS.T88087507A88087516.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/88087507/88087516.
- ↑ 44.0 44.1 Sampaio, E.; Lim, B.; Peters, S. (2017). "Molossus coibensis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2017. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-2.RLTS.T102208365A22106904.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/102208365/22106904.
- ↑ 45.0 45.1 45.2 45.3 45.4 Barquez, R.; Rodriguez, B.; Miller, B.; Diaz, M. (2015). "Molossus molossus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2015. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2015-4.RLTS.T13648A22106602.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/13648/22106602.
- ↑ 46.0 46.1 Solari, S. (2019). "Molossus pretiosus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2019. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-1.RLTS.T13649A22106312.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/13649/22106312.
- ↑ 47.0 47.1 Miller, B.; Reid, F.; Arroyo-Cabrales, J.; Cuarón, A. D.; de Grammont, P. C. (2016). "Molossus sinaloae". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2016. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-2.RLTS.T13650A22106433.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/13650/22106433.
- ↑ 48.0 48.1 Barquez, R.; Diaz, M. (2016). "Molossus currentium". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2016. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T88087340A22107231.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/88087340/22107231.
- ↑ 49.00 49.01 49.02 49.03 49.04 49.05 49.06 49.07 49.08 49.09 49.10 49.11 49.12 49.13 49.14 49.15 49.16 49.17 49.18 49.19 49.20 49.21 49.22 49.23 49.24 49.25 49.26 Chernasky; Motis; Burgin, pp. 521–522
- ↑ 50.0 50.1 Monadjem, A.; Cotterill, F.; Hutson, A. M.; Mickleburgh, S.; Bergmans, W. (2017). "Mops condylurus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2017. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-2.RLTS.T13838A22075340.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/13838/22075340.
- ↑ 51.0 51.1 Monadjem, A.; Cotterill, F.; Hutson, A. M.; Mickleburgh, S.; Bergmans, W. (2017). "Chaerephon ansorgei". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2017. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-2.RLTS.T4306A22020564.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/4306/22020564.
- ↑ 52.0 52.1 Shapiro, J. (2017). "Mops bakarii". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2017. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-2.RLTS.T67363010A67363012.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/67363010/67363012.
- ↑ 53.0 53.1 Monadjem, A.; Razafimanahaka, J.; Ranivo, J.; Kofoky, A.; Hutson, A. M.; Cardiff, S. G.; Andriafidison, D.; Goodman, S. et al. (2017). "Chaerephon jobimena". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2017. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-2.RLTS.T136393A22014976.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/136393/22014976.
- ↑ 54.0 54.1 Monadjem, A.; Cotterill, F.; Hutson, A. M.; Mickleburgh, S.; Bergmans, W. (2017). "Chaerephon chapini". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2017. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-2.RLTS.T4310A22019424.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/4310/22019424.
- ↑ 55.0 55.1 Monadjem, A.; Fahr, J.; Hutson, A. M.; Mickleburgh, S.; Bergmans, W. (2017). "Chaerephon aloysiisabaudiae". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2017. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-2.RLTS.T4305A22020676.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/4305/22020676.
- ↑ 56.0 56.1 Monadjem, A.; Bergmans, W.; Mickleburgh, S.; Hutson, A. M. (2017). "Mops nanulus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2017. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-2.RLTS.T13843A22079835.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/13843/22079835.
- ↑ 57.0 57.1 Waldien, D. L.; Scanlon, A.; Thompson, B. L.; Sherwin, R. E.; Naikatini, A.; Tikoca, S. (2019). "Chaerephon bregullae". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2019. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-3.RLTS.T4309A209550994.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/4309/209550994.
- ↑ 58.0 58.1 Mickleburgh, S.; Hutson, A. M.; Bergmans, W.; Cotterill, F. P. D. (2019). "Chaerephon gallagheri". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2019. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-2.RLTS.T4311A22019365.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/4311/22019365.
- ↑ 59.0 59.1 Monadjem, A.; Fahr, J.; Bergmans, W.; Mickleburgh, S.; Hutson, A. M.; Cotterill, F. (2017). "Chaerephon bemmeleni". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2017. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-2.RLTS.T4307A22020379.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/4307/22020379.
- ↑ 60.0 60.1 Ramasindrazana, B. (2021). "Mops leucogaster". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2021. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-1.RLTS.T40038A22061204.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/40038/22061204.
- ↑ 61.0 61.1 Monadjem, A.; Cotterill, F.; Hutson, A. M.; Mickleburgh, S.; Bergmans, W. (2017). "Chaerephon major". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2017. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-2.RLTS.T4314A22018874.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/4314/22018874.
- ↑ 62.0 62.1 Mickleburgh, S.; Hutson, A. M.; Racey, P. A.; Ravino, J.; Bergmans, W.; Cotterill, F. P. D.; Gerlach, J. (2019). "Chaerephon pumilus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2019. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-3.RLTS.T67362271A22018113.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/67362271/22018113.
- ↑ 63.0 63.1 Goodman, S. (2017). "Chaerephon atsinanana". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2017. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-2.RLTS.T67360705A67360707.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/67360705/67360707.
- ↑ 64.0 64.1 Monadjem, A.; Razafimanahaka, J.; Ranivo, J.; Kofoky, A.; Hutson, A. M.; Cardiff, S. G.; Andriafidison, D.; Goodman, S. et al. (2017). "Mops leucostigma". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2017. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-2.RLTS.T40024A22061983.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/40024/22061983.
- ↑ 65.0 65.1 Senawi, J.; Francis, C. (2020). "Mops mops". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2020. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T13842A22079559.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/13842/22079559.
- ↑ 66.0 66.1 Monadjem, A.; Fahr, J.; Hutson, A. M.; Mickleburgh, S.; Bergmans, W. (2017). "Mops congicus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2017. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-2.RLTS.T13839A22075809.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/13839/22075809.
- ↑ 67.0 67.1 Monadjem, A.; Cotterill, F.; Ratrimomanarivo, F. H.; Jenkins, R. K. B.; Mickleburgh, S.; Fahr, J.; Bergmans, W.; Ranivo, J. et al. (2017). "Mops midas". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2017. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-2.RLTS.T13841A22079278.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/13841/22079278.
- ↑ 68.0 68.1 Monadjem, A.; Cotterill, F.; Bergmans, W.; Mickleburgh, S.; Hutson, A. M.; Fahr, J. (2017). "Mops demonstrator". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2017. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-2.RLTS.T13840A22075708.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/13840/22075708.
- ↑ 69.0 69.1 Mickleburgh, S.; Hutson, A. M.; Fahr, J.; Bergmans, W. (2019). "Mops niangarae". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2019. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-2.RLTS.T13844A22080151.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/13844/22080151.
- ↑ 70.0 70.1 Monadjem, A.; Bergmans, W.; Hutson, A. M.; Cotterill, F.; Mickleburgh, S. (2017). "Chaerephon nigeriae". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2017. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-2.RLTS.T4315A22018693.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/4315/22018693.
- ↑ 71.0 71.1 Armstrong, K. N. (2021). "Chaerephon jobensis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2021. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-3.RLTS.T4312A209520861.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/4312/209520861.
- ↑ 72.0 72.1 Senawi, J.; Csorba, G.; Kingston, T. (2020). "Chaerephon johorensis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2020. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T4313A22019065.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/4313/22019065.
- ↑ 73.0 73.1 Bakwo Fils, E. M.; Mickleburgh, S.; Hutson, A. M.; Bergmans, W.; Fahr, J.; Cotterill, F. P. D. (2021). "Mops petersoni". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2021. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-3.RLTS.T13846A203829430.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/13846/203829430.
- ↑ 74.0 74.1 Monadjem, A.; Fahr, J.; Bergmans, W.; Mickleburgh, S.; Hutson, A. M.; Juste, J. (2017). "Mops thersites". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2017. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-2.RLTS.T13849A22077236.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/13849/22077236.
- ↑ 75.0 75.1 Mickleburgh, S.; Hutson, A. M.; Bergmans, W.; Fahr, J.; Cotterill, F. P. D. (2019). "Chaerephon russatus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2019. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-3.RLTS.T4319A22017886.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/4319/22017886.
- ↑ 76.0 76.1 Monadjem, A.; Mickleburgh, S.; Hutson, A. M.; Bergmans, W.; Juste, J. (2019). "Chaerephon tomensis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2019. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-3.RLTS.T4321A21981234.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/4321/21981234.
- ↑ 77.0 77.1 Bielsa, M.; A'Bear, L.; Bunbury, N.; Fleischer-Dogley, F. (2020). "Mops pusillus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2020. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-3.RLTS.T4318A22017997.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/4318/22017997.
- ↑ 78.0 78.1 Monadjem, A.; Fahr, J.; Hutson, A. M.; Mickleburgh, S.; Bergmans, W. (2017). "Mops brachypterus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2017. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-2.RLTS.T13837A22075549.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/13837/22075549.
- ↑ 79.0 79.1 Pennay, M.; Leary, T. (2020). "Chaerephon solomonis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2020. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T4320A22017829.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/4320/22017829.
- ↑ 80.0 80.1 Monadjem, A.; Cotterill, F.; Hutson, A. M.; Mickleburgh, S.; Bergmans, W. (2017). "Chaerephon bivittatus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2017. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-2.RLTS.T4308A22020251.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/4308/22020251.
- ↑ 81.0 81.1 Monadjem, A.; Fahr, J.; Bergmans, W.; Mickleburgh, S.; Hutson, A. M.; Juste, J. (2017). "Mops spurrelli". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2017. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-2.RLTS.T13848A22078917.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/13848/22078917.
- ↑ 82.0 82.1 Rosell-Ambal, R. G. B.; Tabaranza, B.; McKinnon, J.; Kingston, T.; Maharadatunkamsi, D.; Wiantoro, S. (2016). "Mops sarasinorum". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2016. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-2.RLTS.T13847A22078424.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/13847/22078424.
- ↑ 83.0 83.1 Mickleburgh, S.; Hutson, A. M.; Bergmans, W.; Cotterill, F. P. D.; Fahr, J. (2019). "Mops trevori". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2019. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-2.RLTS.T13850A22077590.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/13850/22077590.
- ↑ 84.0 84.1 Monadjem, A.; Cotterill, F. (2017). "Mops niveiventer". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2017. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-2.RLTS.T13845A22078081.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/13845/22078081.
- ↑ 85.0 85.1 Csorba, G.; Bumrungsri, S.; Francis, C.; Bates, P.; Ong, P.; Gumal, M.; Kingston, T.; Heaney, L. et al. (2020). "Chaerephon plicatus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2020. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T4316A22018444.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/4316/22018444.
- ↑ 86.0 86.1 Velazco, P. (2016). "Mormopterus phrudus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2016. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-2.RLTS.T13887A22083688.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/13887/22083688.
- ↑ 87.0 87.1 Solari, S. (2019). "Mormopterus kalinowskii". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2019. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-1.RLTS.T13883A22082910.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/13883/22082910.
- ↑ 88.0 88.1 Mancina, C. (2015). "Mormopterus minutus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2015. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2015-4.RLTS.T13884A22083165.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/13884/22083165.
- ↑ 89.0 89.1 Bergmans, W.; Hutson, A. M.; Oleksy, R.; Taylor, F. (2017). "Mormopterus acetabulosus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2017. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-2.RLTS.T71733227A22085232.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/71733227/22085232.
- ↑ 90.0 90.1 Monadjem, A.; Razafimanahaka, J.; Ranivo, J.; Kofoky, A.; Hutson, A. M.; Cardiff, S. G.; Andriafidison, D.; Goodman, S. et al. (2017). "Mormopterus jugularis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2017. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-2.RLTS.T13882A22083579.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/13882/22083579.
- ↑ 91.0 91.1 Goodman, S. (2017). "Mormopterus francoismoutoui". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2017. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-2.RLTS.T71727235A71727484.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/71727235/71727484.
- ↑ 92.0 92.1 Hutson, A. M.; Schlitter, D.; Kingston, T. (2016). "Mormopterus doriae". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2016. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-2.RLTS.T13881A22083290.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/13881/22083290.
- ↑ 93.0 93.1 Monadjem, A.; Fahr, J.; Hutson, A. M.; Mickleburgh, S.; Bergmans, W. (2017). "Myopterus whitleyi". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2017. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-2.RLTS.T14103A22046293.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/14103/22046293.
- ↑ 94.0 94.1 Mickleburgh, S.; Hutson, A. M.; Bergmans, W.; Fahr, J. (2019). "Myopterus daubentonii". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2019. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-3.RLTS.T14102A22046398.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/14102/22046398.
- ↑ 95.0 95.1 Solari, S. (2019). "Molossops mattogrossensis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2019. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-1.RLTS.T13640A22109057.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/13640/22109057.
- ↑ 96.0 96.1 Barquez, R.; Diaz, M.; Arroyo-Cabrales, J. (2015). "Nyctinomops macrotis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2015. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2015-4.RLTS.T14996A22010988.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/14996/22010988.
- ↑ 97.0 97.1 Barquez, R.; Rodriguez, B.; Miller, B.; Diaz, M. (2015). "Nyctinomops laticaudatus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2015. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2015-4.RLTS.T14995A22011208.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/14995/22011208.
- ↑ 98.0 98.1 Solari, S. (2019). "Nyctinomops aurispinosus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2019. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-1.RLTS.T14993A22010682.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/14993/22010682.
- ↑ 99.0 99.1 Arroyo-Cabrales, J.; Álvarez-Castañeda, S. T. (2015). "Nyctinomops femorosaccus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2015. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2015-4.RLTS.T14994A22010542.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/14994/22010542.
- ↑ 100.0 100.1 Monadjem, A.; Jacobs, D.; Cotterill, W.; Hutson, A. M.; Mickleburgh, S.; Bergmans, W.; Fahr, J. (2017). "Tadarida aegyptiaca". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2017. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-2.RLTS.T21312A22115459.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/21312/22115459.
- ↑ 101.0 101.1 Armstrong, K. N. (2021). "Otomops papuensis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2021. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-3.RLTS.T15649A209523988.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/15649/209523988.
- ↑ 102.0 102.1 Richards, L. R. (2017). "Otomops harrisoni". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2017. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-2.RLTS.T95558305A95558309.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/95558305/95558309.
- ↑ 103.0 103.1 Hutson, A. M.; Schlitter, D.; Walston, J.; Kingston, T.; Senawi, J. (2016). "Otomops formosus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2016. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-2.RLTS.T15645A22112831.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/15645/22112831.
- ↑ 104.0 104.1 Hutson, A. M.; Schlitter, D.; Suyanto, A.; Kingston, T.; Senawi, J. (2016). "Otomops johnstonei". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2016. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-2.RLTS.T15647A22112472.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/15647/22112472.
- ↑ 105.0 105.1 Richards, L. R.; Mickleburgh, S.; Hutson, A. M.; Bergmans, W.; Fahr, J.; Taylor, P. J. (2017). "Otomops martiensseni". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2017. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-3.RLTS.T15648A22112617.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/15648/22112617.
- ↑ 106.0 106.1 Monadjem, A.; Razafimanahaka, J.; Ranivo, J.; Kofoky, A.; Hutson, A. M.; Cardiff, S. G.; Andriafidison, D.; Goodman, S. et al. (2017). "Otomops madagascariensis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2017. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-2.RLTS.T136564A21991318.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/136564/21991318.
- ↑ 107.0 107.1 Armstrong, K. N. (2021). "Otomops secundus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2021. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-3.RLTS.T15650A209524157.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/15650/209524157.
- ↑ 108.0 108.1 Prabhukhanolkar, R. (2016). "Otomops wroughtoni". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2016. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-2.RLTS.T15646A22112971.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/15646/22112971.
- ↑ 109.0 109.1 Reardon, T. B. (2017). "Ozimops beccarii". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2017. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-2.RLTS.T13880A209551736.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/13880/209551736.
- ↑ 110.0 110.1 Reardon, T. B.; Armstrong, K. N.; Woinarski, J. C. Z.; Burbidge, A. H. (2021). "Ozimops halli". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2021. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-3.RLTS.T71532803A209534023.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/71532803/209534023.
- ↑ 111.0 111.1 Reardon, T. B.; Lumsden, L. F. (2021). "Ozimops petersi". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2021. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-3.RLTS.T71534469A209554228.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/71534469/209554228.
- ↑ 112.0 112.1 Reardon, T. B.; Armstrong, K. N. (2021). "Ozimops loriae". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2021. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-3.RLTS.T82345325A209533844.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/82345325/209533844.
- ↑ 113.0 113.1 Reardon, T. B.; Armstrong, K. N. (2021). "Ozimops lumsdenae". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2021. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-3.RLTS.T71531227A209535016.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/71531227/209535016.
- ↑ 114.0 114.1 Reardon, T. B.; Lumsden, L. F.; Woinarsky, J.; Burbidge, A. A. (2017). "Ozimops cobourgianus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2017. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-2.RLTS.T71536513A209550699.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/71536513/209550699.
- ↑ 115.0 115.1 Reardon, T. B.; Lumsden, L. F. (2017). "Ozimops ridei". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2017. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-2.RLTS.T71533043A209550467.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/71533043/209550467.
- ↑ 116.0 116.1 Reardon, T. B.; Armstrong, K. N. (2021). "Ozimops kitcheneri". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2021. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-3.RLTS.T71532724A209534747.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/71532724/209534747.
- ↑ 117.0 117.1 Lumsden, L. F.; Reardon, T. B. (2021). "Ozimops planiceps". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2021. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-1.RLTS.T71732146A22084197.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/71732146/22084197.
- ↑ 118.0 118.1 Monadjem, A.; Fahr, J.; Bergmans, W.; Mickleburgh, S.; Hutson, A. M.; Cotterill, F. (2017). "Platymops setiger". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2017. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-2.RLTS.T44692A22074935.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/44692/22074935.
- ↑ 119.0 119.1 Solari, S. (2019). "Promops centralis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2019. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-1.RLTS.T88087651A22036112.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/88087651/22036112.
- ↑ 120.0 120.1 Barquez, R.; Diaz, M. (2015). "Promops nasutus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2015. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2015-4.RLTS.T18341A22035986.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/18341/22035986.
- ↑ 121.0 121.1 Solari, S. (2016). "Promops davisoni". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2016. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T88087551A88087580.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/88087551/88087580.
- ↑ 122.0 122.1 Monadjem, A.; Jacobs, D.; Cotterill, F.; Hutson, A. M.; Mickleburgh, S.; Bergmans, W.; Griffin, M. (2017). "Sauromys petrophilus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2017. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-2.RLTS.T44693A22074483.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/44693/22074483.
- ↑ 123.0 123.1 Woinarski, J. C. Z.; Burbidge, A. A.; Reardon, T. B.; Lumsden, L. F. (2021). "Mormopterus eleryi". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2021. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-3.RLTS.T71529901A209553422.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/71529901/209553422.
- ↑ 124.0 124.1 Mickleburgh, S.; Hutson, A. M.; Bergmans, W.; Cotterill, F. P. D. (2019). "Tadarida ventralis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2019. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-3.RLTS.T21318A22121418.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/21318/22121418.
- ↑ 125.0 125.1 Fukui, D.; Sano, A. (2019). "Tadarida insignis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2019. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-3.RLTS.T136716A22036641.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/136716/22036641.
- ↑ 126.0 126.1 Benda, P.; Piraccini, R. (2016). "Tadarida teniotis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2016. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-2.RLTS.T21311A22114995.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/21311/22114995.
- ↑ 127.0 127.1 Monadjem, A.; Cotterill, W. (2017). "Tadarida lobata". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2017. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-2.RLTS.T21317A22121550.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/21317/22121550.
- ↑ 128.0 128.1 Thong, V. D.; Loi, D. N. (2020). "Tadarida latouchei". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2020. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T40036A22060323.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/40036/22060323.
- ↑ 129.0 129.1 Monadjem, A.; Ravino, J.; Hutson, A. M.; Cotterill, W.; Racey, P. A. (2017). "Tadarida fulminans". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2017. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-2.RLTS.T21316A22122012.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/21316/22122012.
- ↑ 130.0 130.1 Barquez, R.; Diaz, M.; Gonzalez, E.; Rodriguez, A.; Incháustegui, S.; Arroyo-Cabrales, J. (2015). "Tadarida brasiliensis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2015. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2015-4.RLTS.T21314A22121621.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/21314/22121621.
- ↑ 131.0 131.1 Velazco, P. (2016). "Tomopeas ravus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2016. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-1.RLTS.T21982A21975053.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/21982/21975053.
Sources
- All the Mammals of the World. Lynx Nature Books. 2023. ISBN 978-84-16728-66-4.
- Mammal Species of the World. 1 (3rd ed.). Johns Hopkins University Press. 2005. ISBN 978-0-8018-8221-0.
- Nowak, Ronald M. (1994). Walker's Bats of the World. Johns Hopkins University Press. ISBN 978-0-8018-4986-2. https://archive.org/details/walkersbatsofwor00rona.
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