Biology:Malaxis monophyllos
From HandWiki
Short description: Species of orchid
| White adder's mouth | |
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Scientific classification 
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| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Monocots |
| Order: | Asparagales |
| Family: | Orchidaceae |
| Subfamily: | Epidendroideae |
| Genus: | Malaxis |
| Species: | M. monophyllos
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| Binomial name | |
| Malaxis monophyllos (L.) Sw.
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| Varieties[1] | |
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| Synonyms[1] | |
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List
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Malaxis monophyllos, the white adder's mouth, is a terrestrial species of orchid. It is widespread across much of Europe (Germany, Italy, Poland, Scandinavia, Ukraine, etc.),[2] Asia (China, Japan, Russia, Nepal, Philippines, etc.), and much of southern Canada.[3][4] In the United States, it grows mostly in southern Alaska, New England and the Great Lakes region, with isolated populations reported from Colorado and California.[5][6]
Taxonomy
Malaxis monophyllos was given the scientific name Ophrys monophyllos by Carl Linnaeus in 1753. The botanist Olof Swartz moved it to the genus Malaxis in 1800 giving the species its accepted name. Along with it genus it is part of the Orchidaceae family. It has three accepted varieties according to Plants of the World Online.[1]
- Tsukaya & H.Okada (A.Gray) P.Morris & Eames
- Malaxis monophyllos var. monophyllos Malaxis monophyllos var. brachypoda
- Malaxis monophyllos var. obtusa
Malaxis monophyllos has 37 synonyms of the species or one of its three varieties.[1][7][8][9]
| Name | Year | Rank | Synonym of: | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Achroanthes acuminata Raf. | 1836 | species | subsp. brachypoda | = het., nom. nud. |
| Achroanthes cilifolia Raf. | 1836 | species | subsp. monophyllos | = het., nom. nud. |
| Achroanthes monophyllos (L.) Greene | 1891 | species | M. monophyllos | ≡ hom. |
| Achroanthes monophyllos f. diphyllos (Cham.) Koidz. ex Masam. | 1916 | form | subsp. monophyllos | = het. |
| Dienia gmelinii Lindl. | 1830 | species | subsp. monophyllos | = het. |
| Epipactis monophylla (L.) F.W.Schmidt | 1795 | species | M. monophyllos | ≡ hom. |
| Leptorkis japonica (Miq.) Kuntze | 1891 | species | subsp. monophyllos | = het. |
| Liparis inconspicua Makino | 1892 | species | subsp. monophyllos | = het., nom. nud. |
| Liparis japonica (Miq.) Maxim. | 1886 | species | subsp. monophyllos | = het. |
| Malaxis arisanensis (Hayata) S.Y.Hu | 1974 | species | subsp. monophyllos | = het. |
| Malaxis brachypoda (A.Gray) Fernald | 1926 | species | subsp. brachypoda | ≡ hom. |
| Malaxis brachypoda f. bifolia (Mousley) Fernald | 1950 | form | subsp. brachypoda | = het. |
| Malaxis diphyllos Cham. | 1828 | species | subsp. monophyllos | = het. |
| Malaxis monophyllos f. bifolia Mousley | 1927 | form | subsp. brachypoda | = het. |
| Malaxis monophyllos subsp. brachypoda (A.Gray) Á.Löve & D.Löve | 1969 | subspecies | subsp. brachypoda | ≡ hom. |
| Malaxis monophyllos var. diphyllos (Cham.) Luer | 1975 | variety | subsp. monophyllos | = het. |
| Malaxis monophyllos f. diphyllos (Cham.) Soó | 1969 | form | subsp. monophyllos | = het. |
| Malaxis monophyllos f. triphyllos Soó | 1938 | form | subsp. monophyllos | = het. |
| Malaxis muscifera var. stelostachya Tang & F.T.Wang | 1951 | variety | subsp. monophyllos | = het. |
| Malaxis taiwaniana S.S.Ying | 1975 | species | subsp. monophyllos | = het. |
| Malaxis yunnanensis (Schltr.) Tang & F.T.Wang | 1951 | species | subsp. monophyllos | = het. |
| Malaxis yunnanensis var. nematophylla Tang & F.T.Wang | 1951 | variety | subsp. monophyllos | = het. |
| Microstylis arisanensis Hayata | 1916 | species | subsp. monophyllos | = het. |
| Microstylis brachypoda A.Gray | 1836 | species | subsp. brachypoda | ≡ hom. |
| Microstylis diphylla (Cham.) Lindl. | 1830 | species | subsp. monophyllos | = het. |
| Microstylis japonica Miq. | 1866 | species | subsp. monophyllos | = het. |
| Microstylis monophyllos (L.) Lindl. | 1830 | species | M. monophyllos | ≡ hom. |
| Microstylis monophyllos var. bifolia (Mousley) Marg. | 2007 | variety | subsp. brachypoda | = het. |
| Microstylis monophyllos subsp. brachypoda (A.Gray) Szlach. & Marg. | 2006 | subspecies | subsp. brachypoda | ≡ hom. |
| Microstylis monophyllos var. diphyllos (Cham.) Nakai | 1952 | variety | subsp. monophyllos | = het. |
| Microstylis monophyllos var. obtusa (Tsukaya & H.Okada) Marg. | 2007 | variety | subsp. obtusa | ≡ hom. |
| Microstylis muscifera var. nematophylla (Tang & F.T.Wang) Marg. | 2012 | variety | subsp. monophyllos | = het. |
| Microstylis muscifera subsp. stelostachya (Tang & F.T.Wang) Marg. | 2012 | subspecies | subsp. monophyllos | = het. |
| Microstylis muscifera var. stelostachya (Tang & F.T.Wang) Marg. | 2007 | variety | subsp. monophyllos | = het. |
| Microstylis yunnanensis Schltr. | 1912 | species | subsp. monophyllos | = het. |
| Microstylis yunnanensis var. nematophylla (Tang & F.T.Wang) Marg. | 2007 | variety | subsp. monophyllos | = het. |
| Ophrys monophyllos L. | 1753 | species | M. monophyllos | ≡ hom. |
| Notes: ≡ homotypic synonym; = heterotypic synonym | ||||
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 "Malaxis monophyllos (L.) Sw." (in en). Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. http://www.plantsoftheworldonline.org/taxon/30045967-2.
- ↑ Altervista Flora Italiana, Microstile, Malaxis monophyllos includes photos and European distribution map
- ↑ "Malaxis monophyllos". World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP). Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. http://wcsp.science.kew.org/namedetail.do?name_id=118425.
- ↑ Chen, Xinqi; Wood, Jeffrey J., "Malaxis monophyllos", Flora of China, 25, http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=2&taxon_id=200028746
- ↑ Catling, Paul M.; Magrath, Lawrence K. (2002), "Malaxis monophyllos", in Flora of North America Editorial Committee, Flora of North America North of Mexico (FNA), 26, New York and Oxford, http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=1&taxon_id=200028746
- ↑ "Malaxis monophyllos", County-level distribution map from the North American Plant Atlas (NAPA) (Biota of North America Program (BONAP)), 2014, http://bonap.net/MapGallery/County/Malaxis%20monophyllos.png
- ↑ "Malaxis monophyllos var. brachypoda (A.Gray) P.Morris & Eames" (in en). Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. http://www.plantsoftheworldonline.org/taxon/149824-2.
- ↑ "Malaxis monophyllos var. monophyllos" (in en). Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. http://www.plantsoftheworldonline.org/taxon/77171307-1.
- ↑ "Malaxis monophyllos var. obtusa Tsukaya & H.Okada" (in en). Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. http://www.plantsoftheworldonline.org/taxon/1018587-1.
External links
- IOSPE orchid photos
- Orchids of Wisconsin, Malaxis monophyllos (L.) Sw. var. brachypoda (Gray) Morris & Eames
- Calflora, California taxon report, University of California, Malaxis monophyllos (L.) Sw. var. brachypoda (A. Gray) F. Morris & Eames
- Minnesota State Department of Natural Resources
- Go Botany, New England Wildflower Society
- Go Orchids, North American Orchid Conservation Center
- AGEO Orchideen der Schweiz, Malaxis monophyllos, Einblatt, Malaxis à une feuille, Microstile
- Botany Czech, Malaxis monophyllos (L.) Swartz – měkčilka jednolistá / trčníček jednolistý
- Flickr photo, Malaxis monophyllos growing high in the Alps
- Manitoba Native Orchids Society, orchids compendium, White Adder's - mouth (Malaxis monophyllos var brachypoda (Gray) Fernald)
- Plantarium, Malaxis monophyllos (L.) Sw., Описание таксона, Русскоязычные названия
- Eesti Orchideekaitse Klubi, Estonian Orchid Protection Club, Malaxis monophyllos, ainulehine sookäpp
Data related to Malaxis monophyllos at Wikispecies
Wikidata ☰ Q158042 entry
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