Biology:Metallothionein-3
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Metallothionein-3 (also known as Growth Inhibitory Factor) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the MT3 gene.[1][2][3] It is a 68-amino acid peptide (20 of which are cysteine) that is abnormally under-expressed in the brains of patients suffering from Alzheimer's disease.[4] Metallothionein-3 is a member of the metallothionein family of proteins.
References
- ↑ "MT-III, a brain-specific member of the metallothionein gene family". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 89 (14): 6333–7. Jul 1992. doi:10.1073/pnas.89.14.6333. PMID 1631128.
- ↑ "Metallothionein-3 (MT-3) in the human adrenal cortex and its disorders". Endocrine Pathology 25 (3): 229–235. Sep 2014. doi:10.1007/s12022-013-9280-9. PMID 24242700.
- ↑ "Entrez Gene: MT3 metallothionein 3". https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=4504.
- ↑ Uchida, Y; Takio, K; Titani, K; Ihara, Y; Tomonaga, M (August 1991). "The growth inhibitory factor that is deficient in the Alzheimer's disease brain is a 68 amino acid metallothionein-like protein". Neuron 7 (2): 337–347. doi:10.1016/0896-6273(91)90272-2. PMID 1873033.
Further reading
- "The functional significance of brain metallothioneins". FASEB Journal 10 (10): 1129–36. Aug 1996. doi:10.1096/fasebj.10.10.8751715. PMID 8751715.
- "Molecular cloning of human growth inhibitory factor cDNA and its down-regulation in Alzheimer's disease". The EMBO Journal 11 (13): 4843–50. Dec 1992. doi:10.1002/j.1460-2075.1992.tb05590.x. PMID 1464312.
- "Human gastric intrinsic factor: characterization of cDNA and genomic clones and localization to human chromosome 11". Genomics 10 (2): 432–40. Jun 1991. doi:10.1016/0888-7543(91)90329-D. PMID 2071148.
- "Modulation of metallothionein-III mRNA content and growth rate of rat C6-glial cells by transfection with human 5-HT1D receptor genes". Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 214 (2): 639–45. Sep 1995. doi:10.1006/bbrc.1995.2334. PMID 7677777.
- "Structures of the human and mouse growth inhibitory factor-encoding genes". Gene 144 (2): 283–7. Jul 1994. doi:10.1016/0378-1119(94)90391-3. PMID 8039715.
- "Expression of the gene encoding metallothionein-3 in organs of the reproductive system". DNA and Cell Biology 17 (6): 501–10. Jun 1998. doi:10.1089/dna.1998.17.501. PMID 9655243.
- "Metallothionein isoform 3 expression in the human prostate and cancer-derived cell lines". The Prostate 41 (3): 196–202. Nov 1999. doi:10.1002/(SICI)1097-0045(19991101)41:3<196::AID-PROS7>3.0.CO;2-U. PMID 10517878.
- "Zinc metallothionein imported into liver mitochondria modulates respiration". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 98 (5): 2317–22. Feb 2001. doi:10.1073/pnas.041619198. PMID 11226237.
- "Metallothionein isoform 3 and proximal tubule vectorial active transport". Kidney International 61 (2): 464–72. Feb 2002. doi:10.1046/j.1523-1755.2002.00153.x. PMID 11849386.
- "Brain-specific metallothionein-3 has higher metal-binding capacity than ubiquitous metallothioneins and binds metals noncooperatively". Biochemistry 41 (19): 6158–63. May 2002. doi:10.1021/bi025664v. PMID 11994011.
- "Growth inhibitory factor prevents neurite extension and the death of cortical neurons caused by high oxygen exposure through hydroxyl radical scavenging". The Journal of Biological Chemistry 277 (35): 32353–9. Aug 2002. doi:10.1074/jbc.M111263200. PMID 12058024.
- "Overexpression of human metallothionein-III prevents hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative stress in human fibroblasts". FEBS Letters 521 (1–3): 175–9. Jun 2002. doi:10.1016/S0014-5793(02)02870-3. PMID 12067712.
- "A distinct Cu(4)-thiolate cluster of human metallothionein-3 is located in the N-terminal domain". Journal of Biological Inorganic Chemistry 7 (6): 611–6. Jun 2002. doi:10.1007/s00775-002-0339-1. PMID 12072966.
- "Metallothionein isoform 3 expression inhibits cell growth and increases drug resistance of PC-3 prostate cancer cells". The Prostate 52 (2): 89–97. Jul 2002. doi:10.1002/pros.10097. PMID 12111700.
- "Expression of metallothionein isoforms in human chorioretinal complex". Current Eye Research 24 (1): 12–25. Jan 2002. doi:10.1076/ceyr.24.1.12.5426. PMID 12187490.
- "Protective effect of metallothionein-III on DNA damage in response to reactive oxygen species". Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - General Subjects 1573 (1): 33–8. Oct 2002. doi:10.1016/s0304-4165(02)00325-2. PMID 12383939.
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