Biology:Modiola

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Modiola is a monotypic genus of plants in the mallow family containing the single species Modiola caroliniana, which is known by several common names including bristly-fruited mallow,[1] Carolina bristlemallow,[2] babosilla, and redflower mallow. It is a creeping perennial which is probably native to South America but which is widely naturalized throughout the tropical and warmer temperate world.

Ecology

Carolina bristlemallow is a grassland weed,[3] commonly occurring in gardens and lawns[4] and in moist habitats such as shores of ponds and reserviors.[5] It can propagate vegetatively by rooting at the nodes,[6] and in Australia, seeds have been reported to germinate from the scats of introduced deer but not those of native kangaroos.[7] It has shown resistance to the herbicide clopyralid[8].
    Carolina bristlemallow is infected by the rust fungus Puccinia modiolae[9] and the chytrid fungus Synchytrium modioliensis.[10]

References

  1. ↑ (xls) BSBI List 2007, Botanical Society of Britain and Ireland, https://bsbi.org/download/3542/, retrieved 2014-10-17 
  2. ↑ "Modiola caroliniana". Natural Resources Conservation Service PLANTS Database. USDA. https://plants.usda.gov/core/profile?symbol=MOCA. Retrieved 28 January 2016. 
  3. ↑ "The Modiola Page". https://www.malvaceae.info/Genera/Modiola/Modiola.php. 
  4. ↑ "Modiola caroliniana". IEWF Weed ID. International Environmental Weed Foundation. https://www.iewf.org/weedid/Modiola_caroliniana.htm. 
  5. ↑ "A New Record of an alien species Modiola caroliniana (Malvaceae) for the flora of Iran". https://tbj.ui.ac.ir/article_28626.html?lang=fa. 
  6. ↑ "Modiola caroliniana". IEWF Weed ID. International Environmental Weed Foundation. https://www.iewf.org/weedid/Modiola_caroliniana.htm. 
  7. ↑ "Germination of native and introduced plants from scats of Fallow Deer (Dama dama) and Eastern Grey Kangaroo (Macropus giganteus) in a south-eastern Australian woodland landscape". https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Rob-Hunt-5/publication/291389543_Germination_of_native_and_introduced_plants_from_scats_of_Fallow_Deer_Dama_dama_and_Eastern_Grey_Kangaroo_Macropus_giganteus_in_a_south-eastern_Australian_woodland_landscape/links/5fb3272992851cf24cd83ee6/Germination-of-native-and-introduced-plants-from-scats-of-Fallow-Deer-Dama-dama-and-Eastern-Grey-Kangaroo-Macropus-giganteus-in-a-south-eastern-Australian-woodland-landscape.pdf. 
  8. ↑ "Turf weed control with clopyralid herbicide". https://www.cabidigitallibrary.org/doi/full/10.5555/19891120798. 
  9. ↑ "First Report of Rust on Modiola caroliniana Caused by Puccinia modiolae in California". https://apsjournals.apsnet.org/doi/full/10.1094/PDIS-02-19-0303-PDN. 
  10. ↑ "The Galls of Synchytrium modioliensis". https://www.jstor.org/stable/2481810. 


| mode = cs1 | title = Modiola caroliniana | work = Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN) | url = https://npgsweb.ars-grin.gov/gringlobal/taxonomydetail.aspx?24510 | publisher = [[Organization:Agricultural Research ServAgricultural Research Service (ARS), United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) | access-date = }}

Wikidata ☰ Q15795628 entry




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