Biology:Monoraphidium neglectum
| Monoraphidium neglectum | |
|---|---|
Scientific classification 
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| (unranked): | Viridiplantae |
| Division: | Chlorophyta |
| Class: | Chlorophyceae |
| Order: | Sphaeropleales |
| Family: | Selenastraceae |
| Genus: | Monoraphidium |
| Species: | M. neglectum
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| Binomial name | |
| Monoraphidium neglectum Heynig & Krienitz
| |
Monoraphidium neglectum is a single-cell green alga of the family Selenastraceae.[1][2] Cells are free-floating (planktonic), fusiform and sometimes arched in outline, with rounded-pointed tips. They are 16–30 μm long by 3–4.5 μm wide. The chloroplast is single per cell and lacks a pyrenoid.[1] It reproduces by forming two, four or eight autospores.[1]
There is interest in using M. neglectum for the production of biofuels because it can accumulate large quantities (up to 33% of cell dry weight) of triacylglycerides (TAGs).[3]
In 2013, a draft nuclear, mitochondrial, and chloroplast genome was published with an estimated nuclear size of 68 megabytes and approximately 16,761 genes.[4] The nuclear genome is likely diploid.[4] The mitochondrial genome of M. neglectum is 96 kilobytes, which is twice as large as Nannochloropsis gaditana and nearly six times larger than the green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, but contains fewer genes.[4][5]
A nuclear transformation technique has been established for M. neglectum using electrotransformation as the method of DNA delivery.[6] The strategy described in this study, including a pretreatment step to weaken the cell wall,[6] might inspire future studies with other microalgae also aiming at stable nuclear genetic transformation using electrotransformation.
The transcriptome of M. neglectum has been sequenced using Illumina HiSeq technology. Using a poly-A fishing and genome-guided approach, the transcriptome was assembled into 20,751 genes (i. e., loci).[7] The dataset encompasses a time-course experiment under conditions of both, high TAG accumulation and subsequent TAG degradation.[7] TAG accumulation and degradation were induced by nitrogen removal (-N conditions) and nitrogen resupply (NR conditions).[7] In total, the transcriptome was sequenced at 12 time points (t0, 7x -N, 4x NR), yielding a comprehensive and high-quality dataset.[7] The raw data (100 nt paired-end reads) has been deposited at SRA under the SRA Study accession number SRP112537.[7] The processed data is available at http://tdbmn.cebitec.uni-bielefeld.de, at which direct gene and BLAST search enable for data mining and to investigate the expression patterns of target genes under autotrophic -N and NR conditions.[7] It is furthermore possible to compare the expression patterns of target genes of M. neglectum with those of other microalgae which were also subjected to -N conditions to induce TAG accumulation.[7]
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 "Monoraphidium neglectum n. sp. sowie einige Bemerkungen zu den Gattungen Monoraphidium, Chlorolobium und Keratococcus (Chlorococcales)" (in de). Archiv für Protistenkunde 125 (1–4): 335–344. 1982. doi:10.1016/S0003-9365(82)80032-8.
- ↑ See the NCBI webpage on Monoraphidium. Data extracted from the "NCBI taxonomy resources". National Center for Biotechnology Information. http://ftp.ncbi.nih.gov/pub/taxonomy/.
- ↑ "Label-free in vivo analysis of intracellular lipid droplets in the oleaginous microalga Monoraphidium neglectum by coherent Raman scattering microscopy". Scientific Reports 6: 35340. October 2016. doi:10.1038/srep35340. PMID 27767024.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 "Reconstruction of the lipid metabolism for the microalga Monoraphidium neglectum from its genome sequence reveals characteristics suitable for biofuel production". BMC Genomics 14: 926. December 2013. doi:10.1186/1471-2164-14-926. PMID 24373495.
- ↑ "Draft genome sequence and genetic transformation of the oleaginous alga Nannochloropis gaditana". Nature Communications 3: 686. February 2012. doi:10.1038/ncomms1688. PMID 22353717.
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 "Nuclear transformation and functional gene expression in the oleaginous microalga Monoraphidium neglectum". Journal of Biotechnology 249: 10–15. May 2017. doi:10.1016/j.jbiotec.2017.03.011. PMID 28302588.
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 7.3 7.4 7.5 7.6 "Monoraphidium neglectum reveal a model for triacylglycerol and lipid hyperaccumulation". Biotechnology for Biofuels 10: 197. 2017-08-14. doi:10.1186/s13068-017-0882-1. PMID 28814974.
Wikidata ☰ Q30595032 entry
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