Biology:Polytrichaceae
Polytrichaceae is a common family of mosses. Members of this family tend to be larger than other mosses, with the larger species occurring in particularly moist habitats. The leaves have specialized sheaths at the base and a midrib that bears photosynthetic lamellae on the upper surface. These mosses are capable of sustaining high rates of photosynthesis in the presence of ample light and moisture. Unlike all other mosses, the hydroid-based vascular system of these mosses is continuous from stem to leaf and can extract water from the soil through transpiration.[1] Species in this group are dioicous, though some are monoicous.[2] In most species, the sporophytes are relatively large, the setae are rigid, and the calyptrae are hairy.[1] Most species have nematodontous peristomes with 32–64 teeth in their sporangium;[2] some early-diverging genera instead have a stopper mechanism, which consists of the apical section of the columella, that seals the mouth of the capsule shut prior to dehiscence.[1]
Classification
Genera
- Alophosia
- Atrichopsis
- Atrichum
- Bartramiopsis
- Dawsonia
- Dendroligotrichum
- Hebantia
- Itatiella
- Lyellia
- Meiotrichum
- Notoligotrichum
- Oligotrichum
- Plagioracelopus
- Pogonatum
- Polytrichadelphus
- Polytrichastrum
- Polytrichum
- Pseudatrichum
- Psilopilum
- Steereobryon
Extinct genera
- †Eopolytrichum Konopka et al., 1997 Cretaceous (Campanian); Gaillard Formation, Georgia, USA
- †Meantoinea Bippus et al., 2017 Cretaceous (Valanginian); Apple Bay locality, Vancouver Island, British Columbia, Canada
- †Polytrichites Britton, 1926 Miocene; Latah Formation, Washington, USA[3]
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Bell, Neil; Kariwayasam, Isuru; Flores, Jorge; Hyvönen, Jaakko (2021). "The diversity of the Polytrichopsida—a review". Bryophyte Diversity and Evolution 43 (1): 98–111. doi:10.11646/BDE.43.1.8. https://www.mapress.com/bde/article/view/bde.43.1.8/44442. Retrieved 19 July 2024.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Merrill, Gary L. Smith, "Polytrichaceae", in Flora of North America Editorial Committee, Flora of North America North of Mexico (FNA), New York and Oxford, http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=1&taxon_id=10721, retrieved 19 July 2024
- ↑ Knowlton, F.H. (1926). Shorter contributions to general geology, 1925 (Report). Professional Paper. 140. United States Geological Survey. pp. 17–55, plates VIII-XXXI. doi:10.3133/pp140A. https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/0140a/report.pdf.
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