Biology:Outline of open educational resources

Short description: Overview of and topical guide to open educational resources

This outline of open educational resources provides a way of navigating concepts and topics in relation to the open educational resources (OER) movement.

Definitions

Concepts of open

• Gratis vs. libre
• Free cultural work and Free content
• Open content
• Openness
• Digital freedom
• Libre knowledge
• Open knowledge

Relationship to other educational concepts

• Open education
• Adult Education
• Self-directed Learning
• Prior Learning Assessment (PLA/PLAR)
• Distance Education
• Online Education

Goals and aims

• The Cape Town Open Education Declaration (2007)
• UNESCO 2012 Paris OER Declaration
• 2009 Dakar Declaration on Open Educational Resources
• Berlin Declaration on Open Access to Knowledge in the Sciences and Humanities

How to design learning using OER

• Personal Growth
• Professional Development
• Formal Instructional Design

Tools

Access and delivery

• Open access
• OpenCourseWare
• Distance learning
• Virtual learning environment
• Open format

Learning

• Open educational resources (OER)
• Recursos educativos abiertos (OER in Spanish)
• OER Commons
• Connexions
• Open textbooks
• Open content
• MIT OpenCourseWare
• Open access journals
• Learning objects

Licensing

• Creative Commons license
• Open Content License
• GNU Free Documentation License
• Copyleft

Methods/Philosophy

• Open learning
• Open educational practices
• Connectivism
• Heutagogy
• Open supported learning
• Flexible learning
• E-learning theory

Types of learning experiences

• MOOCs
• Personal learning environments
• Networked learning
• Blended learning
• Virtual learning environment
• Purpose-centered learning

Programs and initiatives

• Athabasca University in Canada
• OER initiatives
• Open university
• OER Foundation
• OER Universitas
• OER Africa
• Khan Academy
• Open University in the United Kingdom
• The Saylor Foundation
• Wikibooks
• Wikiversity
• WikiEducator
• Open.Michigan
• Commonwealth of Learning
• Open Learning for Development

Governance, policies and standards

• Open educational resources policy
• Open-door academic policy
• United Kingdom Accreditation Service
• 2011 Commonwealth of Learning and UNESCO Guidelines on Open Educational Resources in Higher Education
• 2011 Commonwealth of Learning and UNESCO A Basic Guide to Open Educational Resources