Biology:PB2 E627K mutation
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The PB2 E627K mutation in the viral polymerase of H5N1 (colloquially known as bird flu) allows for interaction with the mammalian gene ANP32A[1] for optimal viral replication.[1] Such host switching can be of grave public health concern.[2][3][4] It was first noted in the scientific literature in February 2014,[5] and emerged in the then-novel highly pathogenic avian influenza A(H5N1) clade in 2020.[6] Host adaptation has been noted as being "rapid";[7] the most recent outbreak was posited to be in San Bernardino County, California dairy cow herds in March 2025.[8] Template:H5N1 sidebar
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 "GISAID - Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza Outbreak in the United States". https://gisaid.org/resources/gisaid-in-the-news/highly-pathogenic-avian-influenza-outbreak-in-the-united-states/.
- ↑ Robinson-McCarthy, Lindsey R.; Zirckel, Kylie E.; Simmons, Holly C.; Le Sage, Valerie; McCarthy, Kevin R. (February 27, 2025). "A replicating recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus model for dairy cattle H5N1 influenza virus glycoprotein evolution". BioRxiv: The Preprint Server for Biology. doi:10.1101/2025.02.27.640582. PMID 40060653.
- ↑ Uyeki, Timothy M.; Milton, Scott; Hamid, Cherissa Abdul; Webb, Cynthia Reinoso; Presley, Steven M.; Shetty, Varun; Rollo, Susan N.; Martinez, Diana L. et al. (June 5, 2024). "Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza A(H5N1) Virus Infection in a Dairy Farm Worker". New England Journal of Medicine 390 (21): 2028–2029. doi:10.1056/NEJMc2405371. PMID 38700506. https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMc2405371.
- ↑ "ALERT: Deadly H5N1 Mutation Found in US Dairy Herds—Pandemic Risk Rising". March 13, 2025. https://munsifdaily.com/deadly-h5n1-mutation-found-in-us-dairy-herds/.
- ↑ Jonges, Marcel; Welkers, Matthijs R. A.; Jeeninga, Rienk E.; Meijer, Adam; Schneeberger, Peter; Fouchier, Ron A. M.; de Jong, Menno D.; Koopmans, Marion (February 13, 2014). "Emergence of the Virulence-Associated PB2 E627K Substitution in a Fatal Human Case of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza Virus A(H7N7) Infection as Determined by Illumina Ultra-Deep Sequencing". Journal of Virology 88 (3): 1694–1702. doi:10.1128/JVI.02044-13. PMID 24257603.
- ↑ Marchenko, Vasiliy Yu; Panova, Anastasia S.; Kolosova, Natalia P.; Gudymo, Andrey S.; Svyatchenko, Svetlana V.; Danilenko, Alexey V.; Vasiltsova, Natalia N.; Egorova, Marina L. et al. (November 3, 2024). "Characterization of H5N1 avian influenza virus isolated from bird in Russia with the E627K mutation in the PB2 protein". Scientific Reports 14 (1): 26490. doi:10.1038/s41598-024-78175-y. PMID 39489822. Bibcode: 2024NatSR..1426490M.
- ↑ Liu, William J.; Li, Jun; Zou, Rongrong; Pan, Jingcao; Jin, Tao; Li, Liqiang; Liu, Peipei; Zhao, Yingze et al. (September 22, 2020). "Dynamic PB2-E627K substitution of influenza H7N9 virus indicates the in vivo genetic tuning and rapid host adaptation". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 117 (38): 23807–23814. doi:10.1073/pnas.2013267117. PMID 32873642. Bibcode: 2020PNAS..11723807L.
- ↑ "Bird flu-infected San Bernardino County dairy cows may have concerning new mutation". March 12, 2025. https://www.latimes.com/environment/story/2025-03-12/study-shows-widespread-h5n1-bird-flu-infection-in-cattle.
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