Biology:Pansomonadida
The pansomonads, order Pansomonadida,[1] are a group of heterotrophic protists that belong to the phylum Cercozoa.[2] Some of them are helioflagellates, with characteristics of heliozoans and amoebo-flagellates.[3]
Morphology and ecology
They are gliding phagotrophs that inhabit the soil and, unlike Allapsidae, typically form rounded lamellar pseudopodia (= lamellipodia) that spread over surfaces. They have two dense rhizoplasts linked with each mature centriole. Their centrioles are orthogona or parallel to each other. The transition zone of their cilia has a dense distal plate. They are either bacterivorous or algivorous—bacterivorous forms may have haptopodia.[2]
Classification
Phylogenetic analyses consistently showed that the two orders were sister groups, and it was proposed that pansomonads had evolved from glissomonads. At the same time, Viridiraptoridae was recovered as more closely related to the known pansomonads at the time than to glissomonads, which prompted the inclusion of viridiraptorids within pansomonads.[4] Adl et al., 2019 excludes viridiraptorids and pansomonads from glissomonads. The current taxonomy of the pansomonads is:[5][6][2]
- Family Agitatidae Cavalier-Smith & Bass in Bass et al. 2009
- Agitata Cavalier-Smith & Bass in Bass et al. 2009
- Family Aurigamonadidae Cavalier-Smith in Cavalier-Smith & Oates 2012[7]
- Aurigamonas Vickerman in Vickerman et al. 2005
References
- ↑ Vickerman, Keith; Appleton, Paul L.; Clarke, Ken J.; Moreira, David (2005-11-17). "Aurigamonas solis n. gen., n. sp., a Soil-Dwelling Predator with unusual Helioflagellate Organisation and Belonging to a Novel Clade within the Cercozoa". Protist 156 (3): 335–354. doi:10.1016/j.protis.2005.07.003. ISSN 1434-4610. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1434461005000568.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Cavalier-Smith, Thomas; Chao, Ema E.; Lewis, Rhodri (April 2018). "Multigene phylogeny and cell evolution of chromist infrakingdom Rhizaria: contrasting cell organisation of sister phyla Cercozoa and Retaria". Protoplasma 255 (5): 1517–1574. doi:10.1007/s00709-018-1241-1. PMID 29666938.
- ↑ "Aurigamonas solis n. gen., n. sp., a Soil-Dwelling Predator with unusual Helioflagellate Organisation and Belonging to a Novel Clade within the Cercozoa". Protist 156: 335–354. 2005. doi:10.1016/j.protis.2005.07.003.
- ↑ "Scale evolution, sequence phylogeny, and taxonomy of thaumatomonad Cercozoa: 11 new species and new genera Scutellomonas, Cowlomonas, Thaumatospina and Ovaloplaca". Eur J Protistol 50 (3): 270–313. 2014. doi:10.1016/j.ejop.2013.12.005. PMID 24667165.
- ↑ Adl, Sina M.; Bass, David; Lane, Christopher E.; Lukeš, Julius; Schoch, Conrad L.; Smirnov, Alexey; Agatha, Sabine; Berney, Cedric et al. (2018-09-26). "Revisions to the Classification, Nomenclature, and Diversity of Eukaryotes" (in en). Journal of Eukaryotic Microbiology 66 (1): 4–119. doi:10.1111/jeu.12691. ISSN 1066-5234. PMID 30257078. PMC 6492006. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/jeu.12691.
- ↑ Prokina, Kristina; Torruella, Guifré; Galindo, Luis Javier; Dudin, Omaya; López‐García, Purificación; Moreira, David (2025-08-25). "Discocelia Plataet Sp. n., a Small Incertae Sedis Cercozoan Flagellate" (in en). Journal of Eukaryotic Microbiology 72 (5). doi:10.1111/jeu.70041. ISSN 1066-5234. PMID 40853040. PMC 12376651. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/jeu.70041.
- ↑ Cavalier-Smith, Thomas; Oates, Brian (2012-03-01). "Ultrastructure of Allapsa vibrans and the Body Plan of Glissomonadida (Cercozoa)". Protist 163 (2): 165–187. doi:10.1016/j.protis.2011.10.006. ISSN 1434-4610. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1434461011001027.
Wikidata ☰ Q25412313 entry
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