Biology:Paratrygon aiereba
| Paratrygon aiereba | |
|---|---|
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| Paratrygon aiereba from above and below. Notice its concave snout, visible lower left on upper photo and to the right on lower photo | |
Scientific classification 
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| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Chondrichthyes |
| Subclass: | Elasmobranchii |
| Superorder: | Batoidea |
| Order: | Myliobatiformes |
| Family: | Potamotrygonidae |
| Genus: | Paratrygon |
| Species: | P. aiereba
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| Binomial name | |
| Paratrygon aiereba (J. P. Müller & Henle, 1841)
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Paratrygon aiereba also known as discus ray, manzana ray[1] or ceja ray is a river stingray from the Amazon basin in South America.[2]
Appearance
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This freshwater ray has small eyes and a disc shaped roughly like a lily pad (the snout is slightly concave).[3] It is brownish above with a dark vermiculated or reticulated pattern.[3]
It reaches up to 1.6 m (5.2 ft) in disc width and 110 kg (240 lb) in weight, making it one of the largest species in the family.[3] There are unconfirmed claims of much larger individuals, but these are considered highly questionable.[4] Most individuals do not surpass a disc width of 1.3 m (4.3 ft).[3] Males reach maturity at a disc width of about 60 cm (2.0 ft) and females at about 72 cm (2.4 ft).
Behavior
It mainly feeds on fish,[5] but also take invertebrates such as insects and crustaceans,[3] and it is a top predator in its habitat.[6] Adults are found in relatively deep waters in main river channels, but move to shallower waters to feed at night. After a nine-month gestation, the female give birth to an average of two young with a disc width of about 16 cm (6.3 in). Juveniles are found in relatively shallow waters at sandy beaches and in creeks.[3]
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Góes de Araújo, M.L.; Rincón, G. (2018). "Paratrygon aiereba". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2018. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2009-2.RLTS.T161588A124329685.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/161588/124329685. Retrieved 12 November 2021.
- ↑ "Two new species of freshwater stingrays of the genus Paratrygon (Chondrichthyes: Potamotrygonidae) from the Orinoco basin, with comments on the taxonomy of Paratrygon aiereba". Neotropical Ichthyology 19 (2). 11 June 2021. doi:10.1590/1982-0224-2020-0083.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 Rays of the World. CSIRO. 2016. p. 626. ISBN 978-0-643-10914-8.
- ↑ "Paratrygon aiereba". fishing-worldrecords.com. http://www.fishing-worldrecords.com/scientificname/Paratrygon%20aiereba/show.
- ↑ Reynolds; Hornbrook; Stettner; Terrell (2017). "Husbandry of freshwater stingrays". Elasmobranch Husbandry Manual II. Special Publication of the Ohio Biological Survey. pp. 99–112. ISBN 978-0-86727-166-9.
- ↑ Rosa, R.S.; Charvet-Almeida, P.; Quijada, C.C.D. (2010). "Biology of the South American Potamotrygonid Stingrays". Sharks and Their Relatives II: Biodiversity, Adaptive Physiology, and Conservation. Marine Biology. 20100521. CRC Press. pp. 241–285. doi:10.1201/9781420080483-c5. ISBN 978-1-4200-8047-6.
Wikidata ☰ Q3259324 entry
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