Biology:Persicaria hydropiperoides

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Short description: Species of plant

Persicaria hydropiperoides
Scientific classification edit
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Order: Caryophyllales
Family: Polygonaceae
Genus: Persicaria
Species:
P. hydropiperoides
Binomial name
Persicaria hydropiperoides
Synonyms[1][2]
  • Polygonum barbatum Walter
  • Polygonum hydropiperoides Michx.
  • Polygonum opelousanum Riddell ex Small

Persicaria hydropiperoides, commonly called swamp smartweed, mild waterpepper, false waterpepper,[3][4][5][6] or sometimes simply waterpepper,[7] is a species of flowering plant in the buckwheat family. It has a widespread distribution across much of North America and South America.[8][9][10][11][12] Its preferred habitat is in moist, saturated to inundated soils growing in full sun to partial shade; such as swamp forests, marshes, streams, shorelines, and ditches.[3][4][7] It is sometimes semi-aquatic. Swamp smartweed is quite variable and is sometimes divided into several varieties, some of which may be better treated as species in their own right.[2]

In general, swamp smartweed is a rhizomatous perennial herb growing upright or erect and approaching a maximum height of one meter (40 inches). Roots may emerge from nodes on the lower stem. The bristly lance-shaped leaves are around 10 centimeters (4 inches) long. The leaves have sheathing stipules known as ochreae. The spike-like inflorescence produces many pinkish flowers each about 3 millimeters wide.[2]

Swamp smartweed is reported to be edible, as are all species in the genus Persicaria.[13] Although its close relatives Persicaria hydropiper and Persicaria punctata are known to possess a hot or pungent quality when consumed, swamp smartweed is said to lack the same pungency by at least one author.[13]

References

  1. ↑ The Plant List, Persicaria hydropiperoides (Michx.) Small
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Flora of North America, (Michaux) Small, 1903. Swamp smartweed, renouée faux-poivre-d'eau
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 "Persicaria hydropiperoides - Species Page - APA: Alabama Plant Atlas". http://floraofalabama.org/Plant.aspx?id=2929. 
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 "Persicaria hydropiperoides (Mild Waterpepper): Minnesota Wildflowers" (in en). https://www.minnesotawildflowers.info/flower/mild-waterpepper. 
  5. ↑ "Swamp Smartweed (Persicaria hydropiperoides)". 2024-08-29. https://garden.org/plants/view/208036/Swamp-Smartweed-Persicaria-hydropiperoides/. 
  6. ↑ "Mild Waterpepper (Persicaria hydropiperoides)". https://www.illinoiswildflowers.info/wetland/plants/mild_wtpepper.htm. 
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 "Persicaria hydropiperoides (Waterpepper) - FSUS". https://fsus.ncbg.unc.edu/main.php?pg=show-taxon-detail.php&lsid=urn:lsid:ncbg.unc.edu:taxon:%7B98CB62A6-4AB1-476A-9B8A-6FA3A11C32BF%7D. 
  8. ↑ Biota of North America Program 2014 county distribution map
  9. ↑ Jørgensen, P. M., M. H. Nee & S. G. Beck. (eds.) 2014. Catálogo de las plantas vasculares de Bolivia, Monographs in systematic botany from the Missouri Botanical Garden 127(1–2): i–viii, 1–1744
  10. ↑ Marticorena, C. & M. Quezada. 1985. Catálogo de la Flora Vascular de Chile. Gayana, Botánica 42: 1–157.
  11. ↑ Porter, D. M. 1983. Vascular plants of the Galapagos: Origins and dispersal. 33–54. In M. B. R. I. Bowman & A. E. Leviton Patterns of Evolution in Galapagos Organisms. Pacific Division, AAAS, San Francisco
  12. ↑ Cowan, C. P. 1983. Flora de Tabasco. Listados Florísticos de México 1: 1–123.
  13. ↑ 13.0 13.1 Thayer, Samuel (2023) (in en). Sam Thayer's field guide to edible wild plants of eastern & central North America. Weyerhaeuser, WI: Forager's Harvest. pp. 583–585. ISBN 978-0-9766266-4-0. OCLC on1370911493. https://www.worldcat.org/title/on1370911493. 

Wikidata ☰ Q15595481 entry




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