Biology:Phyllocraterina
Phyllocraterina is a small genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Strigulaceae.[1] It comprises two species of leaf-dwelling (foliicolous) lichens.[2]
Taxonomy
The genus was first proposed as Phyllocratera by the lichenologists Emmanuël Sérusiaux and André Aptroot in 1997.[3] This name, however, was later deemed illegitimate under Article 53.1 of the International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants, due to prior use in botany. A similar name, Phyllocrater Wernham, had been established in 1914 for a genus in the family Rubiaceae.[4] The Nomenclature Committee for Fungi determined that the similarity between Phyllocratera and Phyllocrater constituted a case of parahomonymy, leading to its invalidation.[5] As a result, Sérusiaux and Aptroot established Phyllocraterina as a replacement name, publishing it alongside the type species Phyllocraterina papuana. While the genus currently includes two species, molecular data are not yet available for either.[5]
Description
Phyllocraterina species are tropical lichens that grow on the surfaces of leaves in lowland to montane regions. Their [[Glossary of lichen terms#{{biology:{1}}}|{{Biology:{1}}}]] (lichen bodies) are thin, grey-green, and slightly crust-like, forming a close bond with their green algae partner, Phycopeltis. The reproductive structures (the [[Glossary of lichen terms#{{biology:{1}}}|{{Biology:{1}}}]]) are black and wart-like, with a broad base and a small pore at the top for spore release. These structures have tough, carbon-rich walls and a protective outer layer.[5]
Inside the perithecia, there are slender, unbranched filaments (paraphyses) that are clear and measure about 1.5–2 micrometres wide. The spore-producing cells (asci) contain eight spores each. These asci are structured in a way that allows them to split open for spore release. The spores themselves are transparent, have multiple internal walls, and are shaped like elongated ellipses with a slight pinch at the middle. So far, no form of asexual reproduction has been observed, and no chemical compounds (lichen products) unique to these lichens have been detected.[5]
Species
- Phyllocratera nuda (Zahlbr.) Lücking & Sérus. (2013)
- Phyllocratera papuana Sérus. & Aptroot (1997)
References
- ↑ "Phyllocraterina". Species 2000: Leiden, the Netherlands. https://www.catalogueoflife.org/data/taxon/B2L9C.
- ↑ Hyde, K.D.; Noorabadi, M.T.; Thiyagaraja, V.; He, M.Q.; Johnston, P.R.; Wijesinghe, S.N. et al. (2024). "The 2024 Outline of Fungi and fungus-like taxa". Mycosphere 15 (1): 5146–6239 [5225]. doi:10.5943/mycosphere/15/1/25.
- ↑ Aptroot, André; Diederich, Paul; Sérusiaux, Emmanuël; Sipman, Harrie J.M. (1997). Lichens and Lichenicolous Fungi from New Guinea. Bibliotheca Lichenologica. 64. J. Cramer. p. 132. ISBN 978-3-443-58043-8.
- ↑ "Record Details: Phyllocratera Sérus. & Aptroot, Biblthca Lichenol. 64: 132 (1997)". Index Fungorum. https://www.indexfungorum.org/Names/NamesRecord.asp?RecordID=27702.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 Hongsanan, Sinang; Hyde, Kevin D.; Phookamsak, Rungtiwa; Wanasinghe, Dhanushka N.; McKenzie, Eric H. C.; Sarma, V. Venkateswara et al. (2020). "Refined families of Dothideomycetes: orders and families incertae sedis in Dothideomycetes". Fungal Diversity 105 (1): 17–318. doi:10.1007/s13225-020-00462-6.
<ref> tag with name "Species Fungorum synonymy" defined in <references> is not used in prior text.Wikidata ☰ {{{from}}} entry
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