Biology:Pinanga subterranea

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Short description: Species of palm

Pinanga subterranea
Pinanga subterranea. Mature, fruiting individual, with leaf litter and soil partially removed around base to expose tip of infructescence.jpg
Scientific classification edit
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Monocots
Clade: Commelinids
Order: Arecales
Family: Arecaceae
Genus: Pinanga
Species:
P. subterranea
Binomial name
Pinanga subterranea
Randi & W.J.Baker[1]
Map of Borneo and Southeast Asia.png
P. subterranea distribution[2]

Pinanga subterranea is a species of tree in the Arecaceae, or palm tree, family native to Borneo.[2][3] It is widespread in the west of the island, where local communities use it for food.[4]

Botany

The species in found in lowland forest valleys 650 metres above sea level and on slopes near streams. It grows well in chalky, red or sandy clay soils.[2]

Ecology

Pollination

P. subterranea has a highly unusual reproductive strategy. Its subterranean flowers are pollinated beneath the surface. The seeds are dispersed by wild boars, which dig into the ground to reach the fruit.[5] Plants that can flower and bear fruit underground at the same time are rare, with only P. subterranea and orchid genus Rhizanthella can do both of these .[4]

References

  1. "Pinanga subterranea". n.d.. https://www.ipni.org/n/77322776-1. 
  2. 2.0 2.1 2.2 Randi, Agusti; Petoe, Peter; Kuhnhäuser, Benedikt G.; Chai, Paul P. K.; Bellot, Sidone; Baker, William J. (2023). "Pinanga subterranea, a New Arecoid Palm from Borneo that Flowers Underground". Palms 67 (2): 57–63. https://kew.iro.bl.uk/concern/articles/de820e60-4c53-44d8-921e-d95f554181d7. 
  3. Kuhnhäuser, Benedikt G.; Randi, Agusti; Petoe, Peter; Chai, Paul P. K.; Bellot, Sidonie; Baker, William J. (26 June 2023). "Hiding in plain sight: The underground palm Pinanga subterranea". Plants, People, Planet. doi:10.1002/ppp3.10393. 
  4. 4.0 4.1 Caton, Emma (7 July 2023). "New species of palm found to flower and fruit underground". https://www.nhm.ac.uk/discover/news/2023/july/new-species-of-palm-found-to-flower-and-fruit-underground.html. 
  5. "Hidden in plain sight: Rare palm species that flowers underground discovered as new-to-science in Borneo". Kew Gardens (Press release). 27 June 2023.

Further reading

Wikidata ☰ Q120406296 entry