Biology:Pristiophorus

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Pristiophorus is a genus of sawsharks found in the Pacific, Atlantic and Indian oceans. Members of this genus differ from sixgill sawsharks of the genus Pliotrema in having five gill slits. Their rostral sawteeth lack prominent transverse ridges on the basal ledges, and the large teeth are not posteriorly serrated.[1]

Taxonomy

The genus name Pristiophorus comes from Ancient Greek pristēs, meaning "saw", and -phóros, meaning "bearing".

Species

There are currently seven recognized species in this genus:[2][3]

  • Pristiophorus cirratus (Latham, 1794) (Longnose sawshark)
  • Pristiophorus delicatus Yearsley, Last & W. T. White, 2008 (Tropical sawshark)
  • Pristiophorus japonicus Günther, 1870 (Japanese sawshark)
  • Pristiophorus lanae Ebert & Wilms, 2013 (Lana's sawshark)[3]
  • Pristiophorus nancyae Ebert & Cailliet, 2011 (African dwarf sawshark)[4]
  • Pristiophorus nudipinnis Günther, 1870 (Shortnose sawshark)
  • Pristiophorus peroniensis Yearsley, Last & W. T. White, 2008 (Eastern Australian sawshark)
  • Pristiophorus schroederi S. Springer & Bullis, 1960 (Bahamas sawshark)
Fossil species
File:Tiburón sierra (jpg).jpg
Illustration of the fossil species Pristiophorus humboldti
Fossil specimen of Pristiophorus tumidens (sometimes placed in the genus Propristiophorus)

Based on the Shark-References database:[5]

  • †Pristiophorus austriacus Reinecke et al., 2020[6]
  • †Pristiophorus borealis Reinecke et al., 2020[6]
  • †Pristiophorus humboldti Villafaña, Nielsen, Klug & Kriwet, 2019[7]
  • †Pristiophorus lacipidinensis Adnet, 2006[8]
  • †Pristiophorus laevis Engelbrecht, Mörs, Reguero & Kriwet, 2016[8]
  • †Pristiophorus lanceolatus Davis, 1888[9]
  • †Pristiophorus lineatus Applegate & Uyeno, 1968
  • †Pristiophorus napierensis Chapman, 1918
  • †Pristiophorus palaeocenicus (Herman, 1973)
  • †Pristiophorus pricei Cappetta, Morrison & Adnet, 2019[10]
  • †Pristiophorus rupeliensis Steurbaut & Herman, 1978
  • †Pristiophorus smithi Cappetta, Morrison & Adnet, 2019[10]
  • †Pristiophorus striatus Underwood & Schlogl, 2013[11]
  • †Pristiophorus suevicus Jaekel, 1890
  • †Pristiophorus tortonicus Reinecke et al., 2020[6]
  • †Pristiophorus tumidens (Woodward, 1932)
  • †Pristiophorus ungeri Reinecke et al., 2020[6]

However, Villafaña et al. (2025) noted that the smooth rostral spines used to identify fossil Pristiophorus species may not necessarily be diagnostic to just Pristiophorus, at least in South American fossil localities on the Pacific coast.[12] The most effective way to diagnose a fossil sawshark species to Pristiophorus, and as its own species, is via the rarely-preserved oral teeth, which tend to not be associated with the rostral spines.[13]

References

  1. ↑ Compagno, Leonard J.V. (1984). Sharks of the World: An Annotated and Illustrated Catalogue of Shark Species Known to Date. Rome: Food and Agriculture Organization. ISBN 92-5-101384-5. 
  2. ↑ Froese, Rainer and Pauly, Daniel, eds. (2013). Species of Pristiophorus in FishBase. October 2013 version.
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 Ebert, D.A.; Wilms, H.A. (2013). "Pristiophorus lanae sp. nov., a new sawshark species from the Western North Pacific, with comments on the genus Pristiophorus Müller & Henle, 1837 (Chondrichthyes: Pristiophoridae)". Zootaxa 3752 (1): 86–100. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.3752.1.7. PMID 25229110. http://www.mapress.com/zootaxa/2013/f/zt03752p100.pdf. 
  4. ↑ Ebert, D.A.; Cailliet, G.M. (2011). "Pristiophorus nancyae, a New Species of Sawshark (Chondrichthyes: Pristiophoridae) from Southern Africa". Bulletin of Marine Science 87 (3): 501–512. doi:10.5343/bms.2010.1108. Bibcode: 2011BuMS...87..501E. 
  5. ↑ "Extinct - valid species | Species | Shark-References". https://shark-references.com/species/listValidFossil/P. 
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.3 Thomas Reinecke; Jürgen Pollerspöck; Hiroyuki Motomura; Helmut Bracher; Leo Dufraing; Thomas Güthner; Fritz von der Hocht (2020). "Sawsharks (Pristiophoriformes, Pristiophoridae) in the Oligocene and Neogene of Europe and their relationships with extant species based on teeth and rostral denticles". Palaeontos 33. http://www.palaeontos.be/33/det33.html. 
  7. ↑ Villafaña, Jaime A.; Nielsen, Sven N.; Klug, Stefanie; Kriwet, Jürgen (2019-12-01). "Early Miocene cartilaginous fishes (Chondrichthyes: Holocephali, Elasmobranchii) from Chile: Diversity and paleobiogeographic implications". Journal of South American Earth Sciences 96. doi:10.1016/j.jsames.2019.102317. ISSN 0895-9811. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0895981119302470. 
  8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 Engelbrecht, Andrea; Mörs, Thomas; Reguero, Marcelo A.; Kriwet, Jürgen (2017-08-18). "A new sawshark, Pristiophorus laevis, from the Eocene of Antarctica with comments on Pristiophorus lanceolatus". Historical Biology 29 (6): 841–853. doi:10.1080/08912963.2016.1252761. ISSN 0891-2963. PMID 28579693. 
  9. ↑ Keyes, I. W. (1982). "The Cenozoic sawshark Pristiophorus lanceolatus (Davis) (Order Selachii) of New Zealand and Australia, with a review of the phylogeny and distribution of world fossil and extant Pristiophoridae". New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics 25 (4): 459–474. doi:10.1080/00288306.1982.10421510. ISSN 0028-8306. https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00288306.1982.10421510. 
  10. ↑ 10.0 10.1 Cappetta, Henri; Morrison, Kurt; Adnet, Sylvain (2021-08-03). "A shark fauna from the Campanian of Hornby Island, British Columbia, Canada: an insight into the diversity of Cretaceous deep-water assemblages". Historical Biology 33 (8): 1121–1182. doi:10.1080/08912963.2019.1681421. ISSN 0891-2963. 
  11. ↑ Underwood, Charlie; Schlogl, Jan (2011). "Deep water chondrichthyans from the Early Miocene of the Vienna Basin (Central Paratethys, Slovakia)" (in en). Acta Palaeontologica Polonica. doi:10.4202/app.2011.0101. ISSN 0567-7920. https://www.app.pan.pl/article/item/app20110101.html. 
  12. ↑ Villafaña, Jaime A.; Campos-Medina, Jorge; Chávez-Hoffmeister, Martín F.; Araya, Selene; Araya, Benjamin; Ledezma, Leandro; Hernandez, Yusse; Ramos-Rojas, Héctor A. et al. (2025). "Diving into the past: a new assemblage of Neogene elasmobranch microfossils from the eastern Pacific of South America" (in en). Papers in Palaeontology 11 (6). doi:10.1002/spp2.70043. ISSN 2056-2802. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/spp2.70043. 
  13. ↑ Engelbrecht, Andrea; Mörs, Thomas; Reguero, Marcelo A.; Kriwet, Jürgen (2017-08-18). "A new sawshark, Pristiophorus laevis, from the Eocene of Antarctica with comments on Pristiophorus lanceolatus". Historical Biology 29 (6): 841–853. doi:10.1080/08912963.2016.1252761. ISSN 0891-2963. PMID 28579693. 

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