Biology:Psilolechia
| Psilolechia | |
|---|---|
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| Psilolechia lucida | |
Scientific classification 
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| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Fungi |
| Division: | Ascomycota |
| Class: | Lecanoromycetes |
| Order: | Lecanorales |
| Family: | Psilolechiaceae S. Stenroos, Miadl. & Lutzoni (2014) |
| Genus: | Psilolechia A.Massal. (1860) |
| Type species | |
| Psilolechia lucida (Ach.) M.Choisy (1949)
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| Species | |
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Psilolechia is a genus of four species of crustose lichens. It is the only member of Psilolechiaceae, a family that was created in 2014 to contain this genus.
Taxonomy
The genus Psilolechia was established by Abramo Bartolommeo Massalongo in 1860.[1] Formerly classified in the family Pilocarpaceae,[2] molecular phylogenetic analysis showed that Psilolechia represented a distinct lineage that deserved placement at the familial level, the Psilolechiaceae, which was formally circumscribed in 2014.[3] This arrangement was accepted in later large-scale updates of fungal classification.[4][5][6] Psilolechiaceae is in the order Lecanorales, in the suborder Sphaerophorineae, which also includes the families Pilocarpaceae, Psoraceae, and Ramalinaceae.[3]
Description
Psilolechiaceae is a monogeneric family of crustose lichens with effuse, ecorticate (lacking a cortex), leprose thalli formed by goniocysts (aggregations of photobiont cells surrounded by short-celled hyphae) containing Trebouxia or stichococcoid algae. The apothecia lack a distinct margin, and the asci are 8-spored and have a cylindrical to clavate shape. They feature a central, elongated tube-like structure, and a non-amyloid ascus wall surrounded by a thin outer layer. Both the tube-like structure and the thin outer layer stain dark blue in K/I. Ascospores are oblong-ovoid to tear-shaped, simple (rarely 1-septate in P. leprosa), and hyaline.[3]
Species
Psilolechia contains four species:[7]
- Psilolechia clavulifera (Nyl.) Coppins (1983)[8] – widespread
- Psilolechia leprosa Coppins & Purvis (1987)[9] – north-west Europe; Greenland
- Psilolechia lucida (Ach.) M.Choisy (1949) – widespread
- Psilolechia purpurascens Coppins & Purvis (1987)[9] – Tasmania
Psilolechia species grow in locations that are humid and shaded.[3] P. leprosa tends to grow on mineral-enriched rocks and siliceous rocks,[10] and is often recorded around old mines.[11]
References
- ↑ Massalongo, A.B. (1860). "Esame comparativo di alcune genere di licheni" (in it). Atti dell'Istituto Veneto Scienze 5: 247–276.
- ↑ Lumbsch, T.H.; Huhndorf, S.M. (December 2007). "Outline of Ascomycota – 2007". Myconet (Chicago, USA: The Field Museum, Department of Botany) 13: 1–58. http://archive.fieldmuseum.org/myconet/outline.asp.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 Miadlikowska, Jolanta; Kauff, Frank; Högnabba, Filip; Oliver, Jeffrey C.; Molnár, Katalin; Fraker, Emily; Gaya, Ester; Hafellner, Josef et al. (2014). "A multigene phylogenetic synthesis for the class Lecanoromycetes (Ascomycota): 1307 fungi representing 1139 infrageneric taxa, 317 genera and 66 families". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 79: 132–168. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2014.04.003. PMID 24747130.
- ↑ Lücking, Robert; Hodkinson, Brendan P.; Leavitt, Steven D. (2017). "The 2016 classification of lichenized fungi in the Ascomycota and Basidiomycota–Approaching one thousand genera". The Bryologist 119 (4): 361–416. doi:10.1639/0007-2745-119.4.361.
- ↑ Wijayawardene, Nalin N.; Hyde, Kevin D.; Lumbsch, H. Thorsten; Liu, Jian Kui; Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S. N.; Ekanayaka, Anusha H.; Tian, Qing; Phookamsak, Rungtiwa (2018). "Outline of Ascomycota: 2017". Fungal Diversity 88 (1): 167–263. doi:10.1007/s13225-018-0394-8.
- ↑ Wijayawardene, Nalin; Hyde, Kevin; LKT, Al-Ani; S, Dolatabadi; Stadler, Marc; Haelewaters, Danny; Tsurykau, Andrei; Mesic, Armin et al. (2020). "Outline of Fungi and fungus-like taxa". Mycosphere 11: 1060–1456. doi:10.5943/mycosphere/11/1/8.
- ↑ "Psilolechia". Mycobank. http://www.mycobank.org/Biolomics.aspx?Table=Mycobank&Rec=97651&Fields=All.
- ↑ Coppins, Brian John (1983). A Taxonomic Study of the Lichen Genus Micarea in Europe. Bulletin of the British Museum of Natural History. 11. London: British Museum (Natural History). p. 201.
- ↑ 9.0 9.1 Coppins, B.J.; Purvis, O.W. (1987). "A review of Psilolechia". The Lichenologist 19 (1): 29–42. doi:10.1017/S0024282987000045.
- ↑ Czarnota, Paweł; Kukwa, Martin (2008). "Contribution to the knowledge of some poorly known lichens in Poland. II. The genus Psilolechia". Folia Cryptog. Estonica 44: 9–15. http://ojs.utlib.ee/index.php/FCE/article/view/13702/8749.
- ↑ Purvis, O.W.; Halls, C. (1996). "A review of lichens in metal-enriched environments". The Lichenologist 28 (6): 571–601. doi:10.1006/lich.1996.0052.
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