Biology:Reynoutria multiflora
| Reynoutria multiflora | |
|---|---|
| |
| Chinese knotweed | |
Scientific classification 
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| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Eudicots |
| Order: | Caryophyllales |
| Family: | Polygonaceae |
| Genus: | Reynoutria |
| Species: | R. multiflora
|
| Binomial name | |
| Reynoutria multiflora | |
| Synonyms[1] | |
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Reynoutria multiflora (syn. Fallopia multiflora and Polygonum multiflorum) is a species of flowering plant in the buckwheat family Polygonaceae[1] native to central and southern China .[2][3] It is known by the English common names tuber fleeceflower[4] and Chinese (climbing) knotweed. It is known as he shou wu in China and East Asia.[5] Another name for the species is fo-ti,[6][7][8] which is a misnomer.[9]
It can be difficult to prevent the spread of this vining plant and to remove it once established. The leaves are thin and fragile but the stems, although narrow in diameter, can be very strong.
Description
Reynoutria multiflora is a herbaceous perennial vine growing to 2–4 m (6 ft 7 in–13 ft 1 in) tall from a woody tuber. The leaves are 3–7 cm (1.2–2.8 in) long and 2–5 cm (0.79–1.97 in) broad, broad arrowhead-shaped, with an entire margin. The flowers are 6–7 mm (0.24–0.28 in) diameter, white or greenish-white, produced on short, dense panicles up to 10–20 cm (3.9–7.9 in) long in summer to mid autumn. The fruit is an achene 2.5–3 mm (0.098–0.118 in) long.[2]
Traditional medicine
Reynoutria multiflora is listed in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia and is one of the most popular perennial traditional Chinese medicines. Caution must be taken, however, as overconsumption can lead to toxicity-induced hepatitis.[10]
Chemistry
More than 100 chemical compounds have been isolated from Reynoutria multiflora, and the major components have been determined to be stilbenes, quinones, flavonoids, and others.[citation needed] Its extract contains a stilbene glycoside.[11] [12]
See also
- Japanese knotweed
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 "Reynoutria multiflora (Thunb.) Moldenke", Plants of the World Online (Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew), https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:696695-1, retrieved 2019-02-25
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 "Fallopia multiflora". Flora of China. http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=2&taxon_id=242321909.
- ↑ {{citation | mode = cs1 | title = Reynoutria multiflora | work = Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN) | url = | publisher = [[Organization:Agricultural Research ServAgricultural Research Service (ARS), United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) | access-date = 21 December 2017 }}
- ↑ "Polygonum multiflorum". Natural Resources Conservation Service PLANTS Database. USDA. https://plants.usda.gov/core/profile?symbol=POMU13. Retrieved 12 October 2015.
- ↑ Bounda, G. A; Feng, Y (2015). "Review of clinical studies of Polygonum multiflorum Thunb. And its isolated bioactive compounds". Pharmacognosy Research 7 (3): 225–236. doi:10.4103/0974-8490.157957. PMID 26130933.
- ↑ "Fo-ti". WebMD. http://www.webmd.com/vitamins-supplements/ingredientmono-768-fo-ti.aspx?activeingredientid=768&activeingredientname=fo-ti.
- ↑ Lin, Longfei; Ni, Boran; Lin, Hongmei; Zhang, Miao; etc. (15 January 2015). "Traditional usages, botany, phytochemistry, pharmacology and toxicology of Polygonum multiflorum Thunb.: A review". Journal of Ethnopharmacology 159: 158–183. doi:10.1016/j.jep.2014.11.009. PMID 25449462.
- ↑ "Polygonum multiflorum and liver reactions". MHRA. 2006. http://www.mhra.gov.uk/Howweregulate/Medicines/Herbalmedicines/HerbalSafetyNews/Currentsafetyissues/CON2023590.
- ↑ "He-shou-wu (Polygonum multiflorum) potted plant, organic" (in en-US). 2016-11-22. https://strictlymedicinalseeds.com/product/he-shou-wu-polygonum-multiflorum-potted-plant-organic/.
- ↑ Jung, KA; Min, HJ; Yoo, SS; Kim, HJ; Choi, SN; Ha, CY; Kim, HJ; Kim, TH et al. (2011). "Drug-Induced Liver Injury: Twenty Five Cases of Acute Hepatitis Following Ingestion of Polygonum multiflorum Thunb". Gut and Liver 5 (4): 493–9. doi:10.5009/gnl.2011.5.4.493. PMID 22195249.
- ↑ Tang, J (2007). "Antioxidant activity of stilbene glycoside from Polygonum multiflorum Thunb in vivo". Food Chemistry 104 (4): 1678–1681. doi:10.1016/j.foodchem.2007.03.022.
- ↑ Grech J. N. , Li Q. , Roufogalis B.D., Duke C.C. Novel Ca2+-ATPase Inhibitors from the Dried Root Tubers of Polygonum multiflorum. J Nat Prod-Lloyda 57(12), 1682-1687, 1994.
External links
- line drawing, Flora of China Illustrations vol. 5, fig. 259, 3-5
- Ho-shou-wu: What's in an herb name?
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