Biology:Rytidosperma penicillatum

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Short description: Species of plant

Rytidosperma penicillatum
Scientific classification edit
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Monocots
Clade: Commelinids
Order: Poales
Family: Poaceae
Genus: Rytidosperma
Species:
R. penicillatum
Binomial name
Rytidosperma penicillatum
(Labill.) Connor & Edgar

Rytidosperma penicillatum is a species of true grass in the subfamily Danthonioideae.[1][2] It is indigenous to Australia and naturalised in New Zealand and Hawaii, USA.[3] It was described as Arundo penicillata in 1850 by French botanist Jacques Labillardière.[4]

Distribution

R. penicillatum is naturalized on Maui in Hawaii. It is currently known from East Maui and western and northern Mauna Kea. It may have arrived within 12 accessions of Rytidosperma imported by the Hawaii Agricultural Experiment Station (HAES) from 1913–1937. The oldest specimen is a volunteer in a grass garden (BISH 448988) from 1938, but it may have been accidentally introduced in hay, as it was “common in [a] pasture” in 1944 (Hosaka 2675).[5]

Ecology

The rust fungus Uromyces danthoniae, a species found that grows parasitically on the leaves of several Rytidosperma species in New Zealand and Australia, infects Rytidosperma penicillatum. It forms dense clusters of orange-brown aecidia on both surfaces of the leaf.[6]

It is also a host of Sphaerodothella danthoniae, a sac fungus that produces black, shiny leaf spots that occasionally coalesce into straight to irregular lines in the leaf surface of several species of Rytidosperma.[7][8]

Taxonomy

Etymology

Rytidosperma: 'wrinkled seed' from the Greek 'rhytidos' = wrinkled and 'sperma' = seed[9]

References

  1. ↑ "Flora of New Zealand | Taxon Profile | Rytidosperma penicillatum". https://www.nzflora.info/factsheet/Taxon/Rytidosperma-penicillatum.html. 
  2. ↑ Connor, H. E.; Edgar, E. (1979). "Rytidosperma Steudel (Notodanthonia Zotov) in New Zealand" (in en). New Zealand Journal of Botany 17 (3): 311–337. doi:10.1080/0028825X.1979.10426906. ISSN 1175-8643. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1080/0028825X.1979.10426906. 
  3. ↑ "Rytidosperma penicillatum (Labill.) Connor & Edgar - Flora of New Zealand Series" (in en). https://floraseries.landcareresearch.co.nz/taxa/939c37d9-11ce-4899-a611-0d51797c0dde. 
  4. ↑ Labill. (1805). "Nov. Holl. Pl. 1". https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/126969#page/25/mode/1up. 
  5. ↑ Faccenda, Kevin (2025). "Updates to the Hawaiian grass flora: Part 4". https://hbs.bishopmuseum.org/PUBS-ONLINE/pdf/op163p111-129.pdf. 
  6. ↑ McKenzie, E. H. C.; Latch, G. C. M. (July 1980). "Occurrence of Uromyces danthoniae and U. macnabbii , and additions to the graminicolous rust fungi of New Zealand" (in en). New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research 23 (3): 393–397. doi:10.1080/00288233.1980.10425373. ISSN 0028-8233. Bibcode: 1980NZJAR..23..393M. https://rsnz.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1080/00288233.1980.10425373. 
  7. ↑ "Walker, J.; Francis, S.M. 1977: Sphaerodothis danthoniae (McAlp.) comb. nov. Transactions of the British Mycological Society 69(1): 151-152. - Biota of NZ" (in en). https://biotanz.landcareresearch.co.nz/references/1cb0efc1-36b9-11d5-9548-00d0592d548c/associations. 
  8. ↑ Pearce (2001). "Two new genera in the Phyllachoraceae: Sphaerodothella to accommodate Sphaerodothis danthoniae, and Parberya gen. nov". https://www.researchgate.net/publication/288153643_Two_new_genera_in_the_Phyllachoraceae_Sphaerodothella_to_accommodate_Sphaerodothis_danthoniae_and_Parberya_gen_nov. 
  9. ↑ Australian National Botanic Gardens, Parks Australia. "Rytidosperma pallidum, Joycea pallida - Growing Native Plants" (in en). https://www.anbg.gov.au/gnp/interns-2006/joycea-pallida.html. 

Wikidata ☰ Q15520735 entry



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