Biology:Sarcophaga crassipalpis
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| Species: | S. crassipalpis
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| Sarcophaga crassipalpis Macquart, 1839[1]
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Sarcophaga crassipalpis is a species of flesh flies (insects in the family Sarcophagidae.
It is a common laboratory animal used in the study of gene expression and the study of diapause in insects.[2]
Sarcophaga crassipalpis conforms to the basic bilateral symmetry body plan for arthropods and insects by possessing jointed-appendages, a sclerotized external cuticle, and an internal muscular system that functions as levers for movement.[3] The six legs possess a tarsus, or foot, with a pair of claws for gripping rough surfaces. Beneath the claws is a fleshy, glandular adhesive pad called a pulvillus, which is used on smooth surfaces.[4]
Sarcophaga crassipalpis is an insect in the order Diptera, meaning “two-winged”. As with other flies, S. crassipalpis has one pair of wings used for flying. Posterior to the wings is a small pair of knob-like structures (called halteres), which function as organs of balance.[5]
Like other dipterans, S. crassipalpis reproduces utilizing complete metamorphosis, i.e. the life cycle consists of the following stages: egg, larva (called a maggot), pupa, and adult.
Most notably, S. crassipalpis will enter diapause under very specific environmental stimuli. Photoperiod exposure received by embryos in the uterus is one factor in initiating diapause.[6] It is sensitive to specific environmental stimuli in its early larval stage and then enters diapause as a pupa. Sarcophaga crassipalpis enters an overwintering pupal diapause in response to cues of a short day-length received during late embryonic and early larval life.[7] Diapause in S. crassipalpis is not a complete cessation of gene expression. It is a separate developmental pathway that is expressed by another set of genes.[2] It lays its eggs in open flesh wounds, typically the wounds of livestock.[8] Pesticides have been designed to interfere with the normal development, killing only larva.[9]
References
- ↑ "Sarcophaga crassipalpis". Integrated Taxonomic Information System. https://www.itis.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&search_value=152063.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Roland F. Flannagan; Steven P. Tammariello; Karl H. Joplin; Rebecca A. Cikra-Ireland; George D. Yokum; David L. Denlinger (1998). "Diapause-specific gene expression in pupae of the flesh fly Sarcophaga crassipalpis". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 95 (10): 5616–5620. doi:10.1073/pnas.95.10.5616. PMID 9576932. Bibcode: 1998PNAS...95.5616F.
- ↑ James W. Valentine (2004). On the origin of phyla. University of Chicago Press. pp. 614. ISBN 0-226-84548-6. https://books.google.com/books?id=DMBkmHm5fe4C.
- ↑ "Flies: Pictures, information, classification and more". http://www.everythingabout.net/articles/biology/animals/arthropods/insects/flies/.
- ↑ http://www.flycontrol.novartis.com/species/en/index.shtml Fly Control in livestock and Poultry, 12/27/2009
- ↑ Induction and Termination of Pupal Diapause in Sarcophaga (Diptera: Sarcophagidae) David L. Denlinger Biological Bulletin, Vol. 142, No. 1 (Feb., 1972), pp. 11-24 (article consists of 14 pages) Published by: Marine Biological Laboratory https://www.jstor.org/stable/1540242
- ↑ R. F. Chapman (1998). The Insects; Structure and Function (4th ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 404. ISBN 0-521-57048-4. https://archive.org/details/insectsstructure0000chap/page/404.
- ↑ "Total recoil: Survival of the primmest". BBC. http://www.bbc.co.uk/science/humanbody/mind/articles/emotions/disgust.shtml.
- ↑ "Fly Control in Confined Livestock and Poultry Production - Novartis Animal Health Inc". http://www.flycontrol.novartis.com/species/en/index.shtml.
External links
- Sarcophaga crassipalpis on the UF / IFAS Featured Creatures Web site
Wikidata ☰ Q7423611 entry
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