Biology:Sphaerocarpos texanus
| Sphaerocarpos texanus | |
|---|---|
| |
| Female plants of Sphaerocarpos texanus bearing mature sporophytes | |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Division: | Marchantiophyta |
| Class: | Marchantiopsida |
| Order: | Sphaerocarpales |
| Family: | Sphaerocarpaceae |
| Genus: | Sphaerocarpos |
| Species: | S. texanus
|
| Binomial name | |
| Sphaerocarpos texanus Aust.[1]
| |
| Synonyms | |
|
Sphaerocarpus berterii Aust., 1873 | |
Sphaerocarpos texanus, the Texas balloonwort,[2] is a species of liverwort in the Sphaerocarpaceae family, found in the Americas, northern Africa and Europe.
Description
Sphaerocarpos texanus are small, thalloid, dioecious liverworts.[3] The species is sexually dimorphic, with male plants usually 3–5 mm in diameter, females up to 12 mm in diameter.[4] Both male (bearing antheridia) and female (bearing archegonia) plants are bright green, with the thallus branching up to several times.[3] The plant is a winter annual, appearing in autumn and dying in spring.[4] Notably, the spores occur in sets of four, called tetrads. Unlike most other species of liverwort, the spores stay in these tetrads until they germinate.[3][4]
Habitat
The plant is found on flat, lightly shaded soil. Usually by roadsides.[3]
Distribution
Sphaerocarpos texanus has a wide range, probably the widest of any species in its genus. It has been found on several continents, in the United States, Uruguay, England , Germany , France and Morocco.[3]
References
- ↑ Austin, C. F. (1877). "New Hepaticae". Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club 8: 157–158.
- ↑ Edwards, Sean R. (2012). English Names for British Bryophytes. British Bryological Society Special Volume. 5 (4 ed.). Wootton, Northampton: British Bryological Society. ISBN 978-0-9561310-2-7.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 "Sphaerocarpos hians sp. nov., with a revision of the genus and illustrations of the species". Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 37,5: 215–230. 1910.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 "Sex-specific germination response in the liverwort Sphaerocarpos texanus (Sphaerocarpaceae)". Bryologist 104,1: 69–71. 2001.
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