Biology:Telekia speciosa

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Short description: Species of flowering plant

Telekia speciosa
Telekia speciosa - Heartleaf oxeye 02.jpg
Scientific classification edit
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Asterids
Order: Asterales
Family: Asteraceae
Genus: Telekia
Species:
T. speciosa
Binomial name
Telekia speciosa
(Schreb.) Baumg.
Synonyms[1]

Telekia speciosa, also known as the heart-leaved oxeye or yellow oxeye, is a species of flowering plant within the family Asteraceae.[2]

Description

Telekia speciosa is a herbaceous perennial,[3] which can grow up to 2 metres tall. Leaves are green, triangular, doubly-serrate and long-petioled. Plant leaves can range from 10 to 4 cm long. The leaves are also glabrous on their surface and possess hairs on the undersides. Younger ovate stem leaves are sessile. Plants will bloom from early summer to early autumn. Flowers are hosted on slender stems. Flowers appear daisy-like with ragged yellow petals.[4][5][6]

Distribution

Native range

This species is native to much of Europe, where it can be found in: Albania, Bulgaria, the Czech Republic, Greece, Hungary, Romania, Turkey, Ukraine , Slovakia[7] and North Macedonia.[8] It is also native to the Baltic states, North and South Caucasus and Central and Northwest European Russia.[7]

Introduced range

Within Europe Telekia speciosa has been introduced outside of its natural range into the countries of: Austria, Belgium, Denmark , Estonia, Finland , France , Germany , Great Britain, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Norway , Poland , Sweden and Switzerland .[7] It has also been introduced into the United States , Canada and Japan .[9]

Habitat

Telekia speciosa is an adaptable species which can grow in a wide range of different habitats. It is often found growing in damp, shaded, nitrogen rich woodland.[10] It has also been known to grow in forests,[11] glades,[12] meadows[10] and mountainous habitats.[13] It is also frequently found growing in damp soil on the banks of lakes, rivers[13] and streams.[14] It is also associated with heavily disturbed habitats such as wasteland.[10] This species has evolved to grow well in partial shaded environments. Plants will grow in full sun, but can suffer foliage necrosis during drought. Plants growing in full shade are stunted.[15] It grows best in damp clay soils, which are free of calcium carbonate,[15] however it can grow in sandy, loam or even chalk soils.[4] The species grows at elevations ranging from 300 to 1700 meters above sea level.[16] T. speciosa is sold and sometimes used as an ornamental plant in gardens outside of its natural range.[17]

Ecology

Telekia speciosa flowers visited by butterflies.

The flowers of Telekia speciosa are used by a large variety of pollinating insects including various species of bee, butterfly and hoverfly.[18] Butterflies such as the European peacock (Aglais io), the common swallowtail (Papilio machaon), the green-veined white (Pieris napi) and the high brown fritillary (Argynnis adippe) have been recorded to feed from the flower of T. speciosa.[19] Bee species such as the bumblebee (Bombus semenoviellus)[20] also pollinate the flowers of T. speciosa.

The seeds of T. speciosa are consumed by seed eating birds such as goldfinch (Carduelis carduelis) and other finch species.[21]

Telekia speciosa is the food plant of the aphid species Uroleucon telekiae,[22] which is monophagous and feeds from no other plant species.

The fungi Golovinomyces cichoracearum, which causes powdery mildew and Coleosporium telekiae, which causes rust can both infect T. speciosa.[23]

Gallery

  • A young Telekia speciosa plant.

  • Telekia speciosa with flower bud.

  • Telekia speciosa bloom

  • Telekia speciosa growth habit.

  • Telekia speciosa leaf.

  • Telekia speciosa growing near to water.

References

  1. ↑ "Telekia speciosa" (in en). Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. http://www.plantsoftheworldonline.org/taxon/255191-1. Retrieved 3 May 2022. 
  2. ↑ "Telekia speciosa (Schreb.) Baumg.". 2022-05-20. http://www.worldfloraonline.org/taxon/wfo-0000037036. 
  3. ↑ "RHS Plants for Pollinators". 2019-08-08. https://ptes.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/Plants-for-pollinators-updated-.pdf. 
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 "Telekia speciosa". 2022-05-03. https://www.rhs.org.uk/plants/18038/telekia-speciosa-yellow-ox-eye-heart-leaved-ox-eye/details. 
  5. ↑ Pergl, Petřík, Fleischhans, Adámek, Brůna, Jan, Petr, Richard, Martin, Josef (2019-12-17). "Telekia speciosa (Schreb.) Baumg. in human made environment". https://www.reabic.net/journals/bir/2020/1/BIR_2020_Pergl_etal.pdf. 
  6. ↑ "Telekia speciosa". 2022-05-03. http://www.missouribotanicalgarden.org/PlantFinder/PlantFinderDetails.aspx?taxonid=277251#:~:text=Telekia%20speciosa%20is%20a%20rhizomatous,%2C%20orange%2Dyellow%20center%20disks.. 
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 "Telekia speciosa" (in en). Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. http://www.plantsoftheworldonline.org/taxon/255191-1. Retrieved 4 May 2022. 
  8. ↑ "Uroleucon telekiae". Cabi Compendium. 2022. doi:10.1079/cabicompendium.117735. 
  9. ↑ "Telekia speciosa". Species. GBIF. http://www.gbif.org/species/5389173. 
  10. ↑ 10.0 10.1 10.2 "Telekia speciosa". 2012-02-28. https://alienplantsbelgium.myspecies.info/content/telekia-speciosa. 
  11. ↑ Kelcey, Müller, John G., Norbert (2011). Plants and Habitats of European Cities. Springer New York. pp. 347. ISBN 9780387896847. 
  12. ↑ Journal of Neuropterology Volume 3. International Association for Neuropterology. 2000. pp. 26. 
  13. ↑ 13.0 13.1 Telekia speciosa. 2022-05-03. https://plantatlas.brc.ac.uk/plant/telekia-speciosa#:~:text=Ecology,Lowland.. Retrieved 2022-05-03. 
  14. ↑ Mallows, Brummell, Lucy, Paul (2017). Transylvania. Bradt Travel Guides. pp. 11. ISBN 9781784770532. 
  15. ↑ 15.0 15.1 Csabai, Judit (2010). "The foundations of initiating the protected species". http://phd.lib.uni-corvinus.hu/650/2/Csabai_Judit_ten.pdf. 
  16. ↑ Phillips, Rix, Roger, Martyn (1991). Perennials volume 2 late perennials. Pan Books LTD. pp. 147. ISBN 9780330327756. 
  17. ↑ "Telekia speciosa". 2022-05-03. https://www.chilternseeds.co.uk/item_226h_telekia_speciosa_seeds. 
  18. ↑ Butterflies on Telekia speciosa on YouTube
  19. ↑ Burnaz, Silvia (2008). "BUTTERFLIES (S.ORD. RHOPALOCERA)". https://biblioteca-digitala.ro/reviste/Sargetia-Naturae/21-Sargetia_Acta-Musei-Devensis_Series-Scientia-Naturae-XXI-2008_144.pdf. 
  20. ↑ Michołap, Sikora, Pawlikowski, Sikora, Paweł, Aneta, Tadeusz E., Marcin (2020-07-02). Dispersion of Bumblebee Bombus semenoviellus. doi:10.2478/jas-2020-0006. 
  21. ↑ Clausen, Christopher, Ruth, Tom (2015). Essential Perennials: The Complete Reference to 2700 Perennials for the Home Garden. Timber Press. pp. 377. ISBN 9781604693164. 
  22. ↑ "Spread of the plant Telekia speciosa and of the aphid Uroleucon telekiae (Holm.) (Homoptera: Aphididae).". 1989. https://www.cabdirect.org/cabdirect/abstract/19911150913. 
  23. ↑ BOYLE, DIETRICH2, BRÄUTIGAM, HERBERT, WOLFGANG, SIEGFRIED (2007). "First report of the powdery mildew Golovinomyces...". CiteSeerX 10.1.1.515.234.CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)

Wikidata ☰ Q1548492 entry



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