Biology:Protobothrops jerdonii
| Protobothrops jerdonii | |
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| at the San Diego Zoo | |
Scientific classification 
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| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Reptilia |
| Order: | Squamata |
| Suborder: | Serpentes |
| Family: | Viperidae |
| Genus: | Protobothrops |
| Species: | P. jerdonii
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| Binomial name | |
| Protobothrops jerdonii (Günther, 1875)
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| Synonyms[3] | |
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Protobothrops jerdonii, also known commonly as Jerdon's pitviper,[3][4] the yellow-speckled pit viper, and the oriental pit viper, is a species of venomous snake in the subfamily Crotalinae of the family Viperidae. The species is native to India , Nepal, Myanmar, China , and Vietnam. Three subspecies are recognized, including the nominate subspecies described here.[3][5]
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Etymology
The specific name, jerdonii, is in honor of United Kingdom herpetologist Thomas C. Jerdon, who collected the type series.[6]
The subspecific name, bourreti, is in honour of French herpetologist René Léon Bourret.[6]
Description
Males of P. jerdonii grow to a maximum total length of 835 mm (32.9 in), which includes a tail length of 140 mm (5.5 in); females grow to 990 mm (39 in), with a tail length of 160 mm (6.3 in).[7]
Scalation: dorsal scales in 21 longitudinal rows at midbody (rarely 23); snout length a little more than twice diameter of eye; head above, except for large internasals and supraoculars, covered by small, unequal, smooth scales that are feebly imbricate or juxtaposed; first labial completely separated from nasal scales by a suture; internasals separated by 1–2 small scales; 6–9 small scales in line between supraoculars; 7–8 upper labials, third and fourth beneath eye, in contact with subocular or separated by at most a single series of small scales; ventrals: males 164–188, females 167–193; subcaudals: males 50–78, females 44–76.[7]
Geographic range
P. jerdonii is found in northeastern India , Nepal, through northern Burma to southwestern China and Vietnam.[3] The type locality given by Günther is "Khassya" (=Khasi Hills, India).[2]
Subspecies
| Subspecies[3][5] | Taxon author[3][5] | Common name[8] | Geographic range[8] |
|---|---|---|---|
| P. j. bourreti | (Klemmer, 1963) | Bourret's pitviper | Northwestern Vietnam (in the provinces of Lào Cai and Lai Châu, and possibly also in adjacent China (Yunnan). |
| P. j. jerdonii | (Günther, 1875) | Jerdon's pitviper | Southwestern China (in the provinces of southern Xizang (Tibet), western Sichuan and Yunnan), northeastern India , Bangladesh, Burma (Chin and Kachin state), and northeastern Nepal. |
| P. j. xanthomelas | (Günther, 1889) | red spotted pitviper | Central and southern China (in the provinces of Henan, Shaanxi, Gansu, Sichuan, Guizhou, Hubei and Guangxi) and northeastern India(Arunachal Pradesh).[9] |
Nota bene: A trinomial authority in parentheses indicates that the subspecies was originally described in a genus other than Protobothrops.
References
- ↑ Wogan G, Das I, Jiang J, Bain R (2012). "Protobothrops jerdonii ". The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2017-2. http://oldredlist.iucnredlist.org/details/178419/0
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 McDiarmid RW, Campbell JA, Touré T (1999). Snake Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference, Volume 1. Washington, District of Columbia: Herpetologists' League. 511 pp. ISBN:1-893777-00-6 (series). ISBN:1-893777-01-4 (volume).
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 Protobothrops jerdonii at the Reptarium.cz Reptile Database. Accessed 30 October 2018.
- ↑ Brown JH (1973). Toxicology and Pharmacology of Venoms from Poisonous Snakes. Springfield, Illinois: Charles C. Thomas. 184 pp. LCCCN 73–229. ISBN:0-398-02808-7.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 "Trimeresurus jerdonii". Integrated Taxonomic Information System. https://www.itis.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&search_value=634917.
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 Beolens B, Watkins M, Grayson M (2011). The Eponym Dictionary of Reptiles. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. xiii + 296 pp. ISBN:978-1-4214-0135-5. (Protobothrops jerdonii, p. 134; P. j. bourreti, p. 35).
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 "The dangerously venomous snakes of Myanmar. Illustrated checklist with keys". Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences 54 (24): 407–462. 2003. http://researcharchive.calacademy.org/research/scipubs/pdfs/v54/proccas_v54_n24.pdf.
- ↑ 8.0 8.1 Gumprecht A, Tillack F, Orlov NL, Captain A, Ryabov S (2004). Asian Pitvipers. First Edition. Berlin: GeitjeBooks. 368 pp. ISBN:3-937975-00-4.
- ↑ Zambre, Amod; Sheth, Chintan; Dalvi, Shashank; Kulkarni, Nirmal (2009). "First record of Protobothrops jerdonii xanthomelas (Günther, 1889) from Eaglenest Wildlife Sanctuary, India". Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society 106 (2): 325-327.
Further reading
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to Protobothrops jerdonii. |
- Boulenger GA (1890). The Fauna of British India, Including Ceylon and Burma. Reptilia and Batrachia. London: Secretary of State for India in Council. (Taylor and Francis, Printers). xviii + 541 pp. (Trimeresurus jerdonii, pp. 427–428).
- Boulenger GA (1896). Catalogue of the Snakes in the British Museum (Natural History). Volume III., Containing the ... Viperidæ. London: Trustees of the British Museum (Natural History). (Taylor and Francis, printers). xiv + 727 pp. + Plates I-XXV. (Lachesis jerdonii, pp. 551–552).
- Das I (2002). A Photographic Guide to Snakes and other Reptiles of India. Sanibel Island, Florida: Ralph Curtis Books. 144 pp. ISBN:0-88359-056-5. (Protobothrops jerdonii, p. 63).
- Günther A (1875). "Second Report on Collections of Indian Reptiles obtained by the British Museum". Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1875: 224–234. (Trimeresurus jerdonii, new species, pp. 233–234 + Plate XXXIV).
- Smith MA (1943). The Fauna of British India, Ceylon and Burma, Including the Whole of the Indo-Chinese Sub-region. Reptilia and Amphibia. Vol. III.—Serpentes. London: Secretary of State for India. (Taylor and Francis, printers). xii + 583 pp. (Trimeresurus jerdoni, pp. 510–511, Figure 162).
Wikidata ☰ Q2706516 entry
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