Biology:Oval grouper
| Oval grouper | |
|---|---|
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Scientific classification 
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| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Actinopterygii |
| Order: | Perciformes |
| Family: | Serranidae |
| Subfamily: | Epinephelinae |
| Genus: | Triso J.E. Randall, G.D. Johnson & G.R. Lowe, 1989 |
| Species: | T. dermopterus
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| Binomial name | |
| Triso dermopterus Temminck & Schlegel, 1842
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| Synonyms[2][3] | |
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The oval grouper (Triso dermopterus) also known as the blackfin grouper, melon-seed grouper or oval rockcod, is a species of marine ray-finned fish, a grouper from the subfamily Epinephelinae which is part of the family Serranidae, which also includes the anthias and sea basses. It is found in the Western Pacific Ocean.
Description
The oval grouper has a compressed, oval-shaped body and its depth is 2.0 to 2.8 times its standard length. It has an oblique mouth and the lower jaw projects beyond the upper jaw.[4] The dorsal profile of the head is convex while the intraorbital area is rather wide and convex. The preopercle is not smoothly rounded, but is not sharply angled, and has fine serration on its margin which are enlarged at its angle. The gill cover has a convex upper edge and has three flat spines.[5] The dorsal fin contains 11 spines and 19–21 soft rays while the anal fin contains 3 spines and 9–12 soft rays.[2] The caudal fin is truncate to emarginate with rounded corners.[5] The colouration is dark brown or violet-black on the body with darker fins. This species attains a maximum recorded total length of 68 centimetres (27 in).[2]
Distribution
The oval grouper is found in the eastern Indian Ocean and Western Pacific Ocean where it has an anti-tropical distribution. In the Northern Hemisphere it has been recorded from Korea, Japan, Taiwan, Hong Kong and the Fujian.[1] In the Southern Hemisphere it is found off the Dampier Archipelago in Western Australia, and from southern Queensland south as far as Wallis Lake, New South Wales.[6]
Habitat and biology
The oval grouper has been recorded over on rocky or soft bottoms, consisting of sand or silty mud, at depths of 22 to 103 metres (72 to 338 ft). The juveniles are known to feed on zooplankton in the water column.[2]
Utilisation
The oval grouper is frequently taken as by-catch by fishers using bottom trawls and it is valued as a food fish.[6]
Taxonomy
The oval grouper was first formally described in 1842 as Serranus dermopterus in 1842 by the Dutch zoologist Coenraad Jacob Temminck (1778-1858) and his student, the German ichthyologist Hermann Schlegel (1804–1884), with the type locality given as Nagasaki.[7] In 1910 the United States ichthyologists David Starr Jordan (1851–1931) and Robert Earl Richardson (1877–1935) placed the species in the genus Trisotropis which is now a synonym of Mycteroperca. However, this species does not closely resemble any species of Mycteroperca and this species was placed in the monotypic genus Triso by J.E. Randall, G.D. Johnson & G.R. Lowe in 1989.[8] In 2018 a genetic study of the groupers found that the oval grouper fell within the genus Hyporthodus,[6] but Fishbase retains it within Triso.[2]
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 To, A.; Ma, K. (2018). "Triso dermopterus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2018: e.T132790A100572356. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2018-2.RLTS.T132790A100572356.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/132790/100572356. Retrieved 19 November 2021.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 Froese, Rainer and Pauly, Daniel, eds. (2019). "Triso dermopterus" in FishBase. December 2019 version.
- ↑ Joe Rowlett (2018). "Meet the new Groupers, Same as the old Groupers". https://reefs.com/2018/08/30/meet-the-new-groupers-same-as-the-old-groupers/.
- ↑ Mark McGrouther (27 August 2019). "Oval Rockcod, Triso dermopterus (Temminck & Schlegel, 1843)". Australian Museum. https://australian.museum/learn/animals/fishes/oval-rockcod-triso-dermopterus/.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 Heemstra, P.C.; J.E. Randall (1993). FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 16. Groupers of the world (family Serranidae, subfamily Epinephelinae). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the grouper, rockcod, hind, coral grouper and lyretail species known to date. FAO Fish. Synopsis. 125. FAO, Rome. pp. 300–301. ISBN 92-5-103125-8. http://www.fao.org/3/t0540e/t0540e42.pdf.
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 Bray, D.J. (2018). "Hyporthodus dermopterus". Fishes of Australia. Museums Victoria. http://136.154.202.208/Home/species/4522.
- ↑ Eschmeyer, William N.; Fricke, Ron; van der Laan, Richard, eds. "Serranus dermopterus". California Academy of Sciences. http://researcharchive.calacademy.org/research/ichthyology/catalog/fishcatget.asp?spid=46847.
- ↑ Randall, J. E.; G. D. Johnson; G. R. Lowe (1989). "Triso, a new generic name for the serranid fish previously known as Trisotropis dermopterus, with comments on its relationships". Japanese Journal of Ichthyology 35 (4): 414–420. doi:10.1007/BF02905497. https://repository.si.edu/bitstream/handle/10088/9874/vz_89_Randall_et_al.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y.
Wikidata ☰ Q1115622 entry
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