Biology:Tyrannoraptora
| Tyrannoraptorans | |
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| Skeleton mount of Tyrannosaurus rex | |
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| Male house sparrow | |
Scientific classification 
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| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Clade: | Dinosauria |
| Clade: | Saurischia |
| Clade: | Theropoda |
| Clade: | Avetheropoda |
| Clade: | Coelurosauria |
| Clade: | Tyrannoraptora Sereno, 1999 |
| Subclades | |
Tyrannoraptora is a clade defined as "all descendants of the last common ancestor of Tyrannosaurus rex and Passer domesticus (the house sparrow)".[2] The clade was named in 1999 by the American paleontologist Paul Sereno, though in his original concept had Tyrannosauroidea being the sister taxon to Pennaraptora (which in Sereno's paper was synonymous with Maniraptora as Therizinosaurs were thought to be more closely related to Ornithomimosaurs and the term Pennaraptora had not been coined as yet).[3] Phylogenetic analyses have since, however, found the group also encompasses Compsognathidae, Ornithomimosauria, Alvarezsauroidea, and Therizinosauria.[4][5][6] Thus tyrannoraptorans are divided into tyrannosauroids and maniraptoromorphs.
The cladogram below shows Sereno's original concept for Tyrannoraptora.
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The Cladogram below shows the modern interpretation of Tyrannoraptora.[7]
| Coelurosauria |
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References
- ↑ Hartman, Scott; Mortimer, Mickey; Wahl, William R.; Lomax, Dean R.; Lippincott, Jessica; Lovelace, David M. (2019). "A new paravian dinosaur from the Late Jurassic of North America supports a late acquisition of avian flight". PeerJ 7: e7247. doi:10.7717/peerj.7247. PMID 31333906.
- ↑ Holtz, T. R. Jr.; Molnar, R. E.; Currie, Phillip C. (2004). "Basal Tetanurae". in Weishampel, D. A.; Dodson, P.; Osmólska, H.. The Dinosauria, Second Edition. California: University of California Press. pp. 71–110. ISBN 0520254082.
- ↑ Sereno, P. C. (1999). "The evolution of dinosaurs.". Science 258 (5423): 2137–2147. doi:10.1126/science.284.5423.2137. PMID 10381873. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/12917068.
- ↑ Zelenitsky, D. K.; Therrien, F.; Erickson, G. M.; Debuhr, C. L.; Kobayashi, Y.; Eberth, D. A.; Hadfield, F. (2012). "Feathered Non-Avian Dinosaurs from North America Provide Insight into Wing Origins". Science 338 (6106): 510–514. doi:10.1126/science.1225376. PMID 23112330. Bibcode: 2012Sci...338..510Z.
- ↑ Andrea Cau (2018). "The assembly of the avian body plan: a 160-million-year long process". Bollettino della Società Paleontologica Italiana 57 (1): 1–25. doi:10.4435/BSPI.2018.01. http://paleoitalia.org/media/u/archives/01_Cau_2018_BSPI_571.pdf.
- ↑ Hartman, Scott; Mortimer, Mickey; Wahl, William R.; Lomax, Dean R.; Lippincott, Jessica; Lovelace, David M. (2019). "A new paravian dinosaur from the Late Jurassic of North America supports a late acquisition of avian flight". PeerJ 7: e7247. doi:10.7717/peerj.7247. PMID 31333906.
- ↑ Hendrickx, Mateus (2015). "An Overview of Non- Avian Theropod Discoveries and Classification". PalArch's Journal of Vertebrate Palaeontology. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/281112957.
Wikidata ☰ Q2043179 entry
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