Biology:UCN3

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Short description: Protein-coding gene in humans


A representation of the 3D structure of the protein myoglobin showing turquoise α-helices.
Generic protein structure example

Urocortin-3 is a protein that, in humans, is encoded by the UCN3 gene.[1][2] It belongs to the corticotropin-releasing hormone family.[3]

Function

This gene is a member of the sauvagine/corticotropin-releasing factor/urotensin I family. It is structurally related to the corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) gene and the encoded product is an endogenous ligand for CRF type 2 receptors.

In the brain it may be responsible for the effects of stress on appetite. In humans, it is also expressed by alpha cells and beta cells in the pancreas and is co-released with glucagon and insulin to promote somatostatin release from neighboring delta cells, which provides negative feedback on glucagon and insulin secretion.[4] In spite of the gene family name similarity, the product of this gene has no sequence similarity to Urotensin-II.[2]

References

  1. ↑ "Identification of urocortin III, an additional member of the corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) family with high affinity for the CRF2 receptor". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 98 (13): 7570–5. Jun 2001. doi:10.1073/pnas.121165198. PMID 11416224. Bibcode: 2001PNAS...98.7570L. 
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 "Entrez Gene: UCN3 urocortin 3 (stresscopin)". https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=114131. 
  3. ↑ "Progress in understanding the roles of Urocortin3 (UCN3) in the control of appetite from studies using animal models.". Peptides 121. 2019. doi:10.1016/j.peptides.2019.170124. PMID 31415798. 
  4. ↑ "Urocortin3 mediates somatostatin-dependent negative feedback control of insulin secretion". Nature Medicine 21 (7): 769–76. Jul 2015. doi:10.1038/nm.3872. PMID 26076035. 

Further reading

  • "International Union of Pharmacology. XXXVI. Current status of the nomenclature for receptors for corticotropin-releasing factor and their ligands". Pharmacological Reviews 55 (1): 21–6. Mar 2003. doi:10.1124/pr.55.1.3. PMID 12615952. 
  • "Human endometrium expresses urocortin II and III messenger RNA and peptides". Fertility and Sterility 86 (6): 1766–70. Dec 2006. doi:10.1016/j.fertnstert.2006.05.041. PMID 17074339. 
  • "Urocortin 2 and urocortin 3 are expressed by the human placenta, deciduas, and fetal membranes". American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 195 (1): 288–95. Jul 2006. doi:10.1016/j.ajog.2005.12.048. PMID 16626608. 
  • "Urocortin 3/stresscopin in human colon: possible modulators of gastrointestinal function during stressful conditions". Peptides 26 (7): 1196–206. Jul 2005. doi:10.1016/j.peptides.2005.01.014. PMID 15949638. 
  • "Ancient evolution of stress-regulating peptides in vertebrates". Peptides 25 (10): 1681–8. Oct 2004. doi:10.1016/j.peptides.2004.05.022. PMID 15476935. 
  • "Expression of urocortin III/stresscopin in human heart and kidney". The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism 89 (4): 1897–903. Apr 2004. doi:10.1210/jc.2003-031663. PMID 15070962. 
  • "Corticotropin-releasing hormone system in human adipose tissue". The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism 89 (2): 965–70. Feb 2004. doi:10.1210/jc.2003-031299. PMID 14764822. 
  • "Protective effects of the urocortin homologues stresscopin (SCP) and stresscopin-related peptide (SRP) against hypoxia/reoxygenation injury in rat neonatal cardiomyocytes". Journal of Molecular and Cellular Cardiology 35 (10): 1295–305. Oct 2003. doi:10.1016/S0022-2828(03)00244-X. PMID 14519439. 
  • "Human stresscopin and stresscopin-related peptide are selective ligands for the type 2 corticotropin-releasing hormone receptor". Nature Medicine 7 (5): 605–11. May 2001. doi:10.1038/87936. PMID 11329063. 



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