Biology:UPF1

Short description: Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

Generic protein structure example

Regulator of nonsense transcripts 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the UPF1 gene.

Function

This gene encodes a protein that is part of a post-splicing multiprotein complex, the exon junction complex, involved in both mRNA nuclear export and mRNA surveillance. mRNA surveillance detects exported mRNAs with truncated open reading frames and initiates nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD). When translation ends upstream from the last exon-exon junction, this triggers NMD to degrade mRNAs containing premature stop codons. This protein is located in both the cytoplasm and nucleus of the cell. When translation ends, it interacts with the protein that is a functional homolog of yeast Upf2p to trigger mRNA decapping. Use of multiple polyadenylation sites has been noted for this gene.

Interactions

UPF1 has been shown to interact with:

• DCP1A,
• DCP2,
• SMG1,
• UPF2,
• UPF3A, and
• UPF3B.

Further reading

• "The double life of UPF1 in RNA and DNA stability pathways". Cell Cycle 5 (14): 1496–8. 2006. doi:10.4161/cc.5.14.3093. PMID 16861888. 
• "Analysis of the stimulatory factor of RNA polymerase II in the initiation and elongation complex". J. Biol. Chem. 259 (1): 608–11. 1984. doi:10.1016/S0021-9258(17)43705-7. PMID 6200476. 
• "Prediction of the coding sequences of unidentified human genes. VI. The coding sequences of 80 new genes (KIAA0201-KIAA0280) deduced by analysis of cDNA clones from cell line KG-1 and brain". DNA Res. 3 (5): 321–9, 341–54. 1997. doi:10.1093/dnares/3.5.321. PMID 9039502. 
• "The surveillance complex interacts with the translation release factors to enhance termination and degrade aberrant mRNAs". Genes Dev. 12 (11): 1665–77. 1998. doi:10.1101/gad.12.11.1665. PMID 9620853. 
• "SMG-2 Is a Phosphorylated Protein Required for mRNA Surveillance in Caenorhabditis elegans and Related to Upf1p of Yeast". Mol. Cell. Biol. 19 (9): 5943–51. 1999. doi:10.1128/MCB.19.9.5943. PMID 10454541. 
• "Characterization of the biochemical properties of the human Upf1 gene product that is involved in nonsense-mediated mRNA decay". RNA 6 (9): 1226–35. 2000. doi:10.1017/S1355838200000546. PMID 10999600. 
• "Novel Upf2p Orthologues Suggest a Functional Link between Translation Initiation and Nonsense Surveillance Complexes". Mol. Cell. Biol. 20 (23): 8944–57. 2000. doi:10.1128/MCB.20.23.8944-8957.2000. PMID 11073994. 
• "Identification and Characterization of Human Orthologues to Saccharomyces cerevisiae Upf2 Protein and Upf3 Protein (Caenorhabditis elegans SMG-4)". Mol. Cell. Biol. 21 (1): 209–23. 2001. doi:10.1128/MCB.21.1.209-223.2001. PMID 11113196. 
• "Human Upf proteins target an mRNA for nonsense-mediated decay when bound downstream of a termination codon". Cell 103 (7): 1121–31. 2001. doi:10.1016/S0092-8674(00)00214-2. PMID 11163187. 
• "Cloning of a novel phosphatidylinositol kinase-related kinase: characterization of the human SMG-1 RNA surveillance protein". J. Biol. Chem. 276 (25): 22709–14. 2001. doi:10.1074/jbc.C100144200. PMID 11331269. 
• "Human SMG-1, a novel phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase-related protein kinase, associates with components of the mRNA surveillance complex and is involved in the regulation of nonsense-mediated mRNA decay". Genes Dev. 15 (17): 2215–28. 2001. doi:10.1101/gad.913001. PMID 11544179. 
• "Communication of the position of exon-exon junctions to the mRNA surveillance machinery by the protein RNPS1". Science 293 (5536): 1836–9. 2001. doi:10.1126/science.1062786. PMID 11546874. Bibcode: 2001Sci...293.1836L. 
• "Identification of delta helicase as the bovine homolog of HUPF1: demonstration of an interaction with the third subunit of DNA polymerase delta". Nucleic Acids Res. 30 (10): 2232–43. 2002. doi:10.1093/nar/30.10.2232. PMID 12000843. 
• "Separable roles for rent1/hUpf1 in altered splicing and decay of nonsense transcripts". Science 298 (5592): 419–22. 2002. doi:10.1126/science.1074428. PMID 12228722. 
• Lykke-Andersen J (2003). "Identification of a Human Decapping Complex Associated with hUpf Proteins in Nonsense-Mediated Decay". Mol. Cell. Biol. 22 (23): 8114–21. doi:10.1128/MCB.22.23.8114-8121.2002. PMID 12417715. 
• "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (26): 16899–903. 2003. doi:10.1073/pnas.242603899. PMID 12477932. Bibcode: 2002PNAS...9916899M. 
• "Characterization of human Smg5/7a: A protein with similarities to Caenorhabditis elegans SMG5 and SMG7 that functions in the dephosphorylation of Upf1". RNA 9 (1): 77–87. 2003. doi:10.1261/rna.2137903. PMID 12554878. 
• "Complexes between the nonsense-mediated mRNA decay pathway factor human upf1 (up-frameshift protein 1) and essential nonsense-mediated mRNA decay factors in HeLa cells". Biochem. J. 373 (Pt 3): 775–83. 2003. doi:10.1042/BJ20021920. PMID 12723973.