Biology:Ulmus americana 'Burgoyne'
| Ulmus americana 'Burgoyne' | |
|---|---|
| Species | Ulmus americana |
| Cultivar | 'Burgoyne' |
| Origin | Weston, Mass. US |
The American elm cultivar Ulmus americana 'Burgoyne' stood at the Arnold Arboretum until removed in 1988.[1] Grown for the town of Weston, Massachusetts , the tree was raised in 1965 by Dr. Donald Wyman, retired head horticulturist of Arnold Arboretum (and himself of Weston), from seeds of the historic Burgoyne Elm,[2] that stood for c.300 years[3] at 626 Boston Post Road, Weston,[4] before being felled in 1967[5] (bole girth 25 ft.[2]) In October 1777 a contingent of British prisoners-of-war from General Burgoyne's defeated army, captured by General Gates, bivouacked under the original tree, then nearly a century old, on their way to prison in Somerville.[2][6]
The name of the tree was first noted in records of the Plant Sciences Data Center of the American Horticultural Society,[1] but is not formally recognized as a valid cultivar.
Description
The original tree in Weston was broad at the top with irregular ascending branches.[7]
Pests and diseases
The Weston tree succumbed to Dutch Elm Disease.[8] The species as a whole is highly susceptible to Elm Yellows; it is also moderately preferred for feeding and reproduction by the adult Elm Leaf Beetle Xanthogaleruca luteola,[9] and highly preferred for feeding by the Japanese Beetle Popillia japonica [10][11] in the United States. U. americana is also the most susceptible of all the elms to verticillium wilt.[12]
Cultivation
Four scions of the Burgoyne elm were also planted near the parent tree in Weston in 1965.[2][8][13] These eventually succumbed to DED and were replaced in 2021 by a disease-resistant strain of American elm.[14] It is not known whether 'Burgoyne' remains in cultivation elsewhere.
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Santamour, Frank S.; Bentz, Susan E. (May 1995). "Updated Checklist of Elm (Ulmus) Cultivars for use in North America". Journal of Arboriculture 21 (3): 122–131. http://joa.isa-arbor.com/request.asp?JournalID=1&ArticleID=2673&Type=2. Retrieved 20 June 2016.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 'Our historic Burgoyne elm and its memories', Weston Historical Society Bulletin, Oct. 1971, Vol.8 No.1
- ↑ Weston Town Crier, 11 March 2013
- ↑ Weston Historical Society Bulletin, May 1968, Vol.4 No.4
- ↑ Weston Historical Society Bulletin, Oct. 1967, Vol.4 No.1
- ↑ Weston Historical Society Bulletin, March 1967, Vol.3 No.3
- ↑ Photograph of the original tree in Weston, Weston Historical Society Bulletin, May 1967, Vol.3 No.4
- ↑ 8.0 8.1 Weston Historical Society Bulletin, March 1970, Vol.6 No.3
- ↑ Miller, Fredric; Ware, George (2001-02-01). "Resistance of Temperate Chinese Elms (Ulmus spp.) to Feeding by the Adult Elm Leaf Beetle (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae)". Journal of Economic Entomology (Oxford University Press (OUP)) 94 (1): 162–166. doi:10.1603/0022-0493-94.1.162. ISSN 0022-0493. PMID 11233108.
- ↑ Miller, Fredric; Ware, George; Jackson, Jennifer (2001-04-01). "Preference of Temperate Chinese Elms ( Ulmus spp.) for the Adult Japanese Beetle (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae)". Journal of Economic Entomology (Oxford University Press (OUP)) 94 (2): 445–448. doi:10.1603/0022-0493-94.2.445. ISSN 0022-0493. PMID 11332837.
- ↑ "Elm Leaf Beetle Survey". http://www.sunshinenursery.com/survey.htm.
- ↑ Pegg, G. F. & Brady, B. L. (2002). Verticillium Wilts. CABI Publishing. ISBN:0-85199-529-2
- ↑ Photograph of young 'Burgoyne' elm, Weston; 'Our historic Burgoyne elm and its memories', Weston Historical Society Bulletin, Oct. 1971, Vol.8 No.1, p.4
- ↑ Weston Town Crier, 3 June 2021
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