Biology:Xanthidium
Xanthidium is a genus of green algae, specifically of the Desmidiaceae.[1]
The name Xanthidium is a diminutive of Xanthium, and presumably refers to its spines, reminiscent of the prickly fruits of Xanthium.[2]
Description
Xanthidium exists as symmetrical single cells. Cells are deeply constricted, forming two halves called semicells; they are rectangular, rounded, or polygonal in front view, flattened. The angles are usually drawn out into spines, which are typically paired and sometimes branched. Semicells often have a protuberance or additional spine in the center of the semicell. Cells have two or many axile chloroplasts which fill the cell.[3][4] A notable exception is the species Xanthidium tumidum, formerly placed in the genus Staurastrum as Staurastrum tumidum. Morphologically it is triangular in cross section (unlike other species, which are flattened in cross section). Its placement in this genus is due to molecular data.[5]
Identification
Species identification of Xanthidium depends on the shape of the cell, cell wall ornamentation, and location and number of the spines. However, some species such as Xanthidium antilopaeum are notoriously polymorphic.[6]
Habitat
Like other desmids, most species of Xanthidium prefer acidic waters.[7]
References
- ↑ See the NCBI webpage on Xanthidium. Data extracted from the "NCBI taxonomy resources". National Center for Biotechnology Information. https://ftp.ncbi.nih.gov/pub/taxonomy/.
- ↑ Rabenhorst, L. (1853). Kryptogamen-Flora von Sachsen, Ober-Lausitz, Thüringen und Nord-Böhmen, mit Berücksichtigung der benachbarten Länder: erste Abtheilung: Algen im weitesten Sinne, Leber und Laubmoose. Leipzig: Verlag von Eduard Kummer. pp. i-xx, 1-653.
- ↑ Guiry, M.D.; Guiry, G.M. (2008). "Xanthidium". AlgaeBase. World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway. http://www.algaebase.org/browse/taxonomy/?id=43552.
- ↑ Hall, John D.; McCourt, Richard M. (2014). "Chapter 9. Conjugating Green Algae Including Desmids". Freshwater Algae of North America: Ecology and Classification (2 ed.). Elsevier Inc.. ISBN 978-0-12-385876-4.
- ↑ Stastny, Jan; Skaloud, Pavel; Langenbach, Dorothee; Nemjova, Katarina; Neustupa, Jiri (2013). "Polyphasic evaluation of Xanthidium antilopaeum and Xanthidium cristatum (Zygnematophyceae, Streptophyta) species complex". Journal of Phycology 49 (2): 401–416. doi:10.1111/jpy.12051. PMID 27008526.
- ↑ Matthews, Robin A. (2023). "Freshwater Algae in Northwest Washington, Volume III. Desmids, Part A". A Collection of Open Access Books and Monographs. Western Washington University. https://cedar.wwu.edu/cedarbooks/14.
- ↑ Prescott, G. W.; Bicudo, C. E. M.; Vinyard, W. C. (1982). A Synopsis of North American Desmids. Part II: Desmidiaceae: Placodermae. Section 4. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press. pp. 700.
External links
- Guiry, M.D.; Guiry, G.M. (2008). "Xanthidium". AlgaeBase. World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway. http://www.algaebase.org/browse/taxonomy/?id=acc41a3aab4bdcc15.
- AlgaTerra database
- Index Nominum Genericorum
Wikidata ☰ Q8042971 entry
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