Biology:Xanthophryne koynayensis
| Xanthophryne koynayensis | |
|---|---|
| |
| Adult male | |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Amphibia |
| Order: | Anura |
| Family: | Bufonidae |
| Genus: | Xanthophryne |
| Species: | X. koynayensis
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| Binomial name | |
| Xanthophryne koynayensis (Soman, 1963)
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| Synonyms | |
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Bufo koynayensis Soman, 1963 | |
Xanthophryne koynayensis (common names: Humbali Village toad, chrome-yellow toad, Koyna toad) is a species of toad in the family Bufonidae. It is endemic to the Western Ghats of India where it is known from Koyna (including Koyna Wildlife Sanctuary[1]) in the Maharashtra state.[3] Formerly included in the genus Bufo it has been since made the type species for the genus Xanthophryne and is a sister species of Xanthophryne tigerina.[4]
History
Xanthophryne koynayensis has been described twice using the same materials[4] collected in connection with the Koyna Hydroelectric Project:[2] first as Bufo koynayensis by Soman in 1963, and then as Bufo sulphureus by Grandison and Daniel in 1964.[4]
Description
Xanthophryne koynayensis are relatively small toads: adult males measure 24–32 mm (0.94–1.26 in) in snout–vent length.[4] The body is covered by small warts with black tips and dark brown in colour; there are yellow patches on the flanks, thighs, and shoulders. The tympanum is indistinct.[2]
Habitat and conservation
Xanthophryne koynayensis is a rare species. Its natural habitats are moist to wet evergreen forest and dry riparian grassland. It is threatened by habitat loss caused by agriculture and clear cutting of forests.[1]
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 S.D. Biju, Sushil Dutta, Robert Inger (2004). "Xanthophryne koynayensis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2004: e.T54684A11173845. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2004.RLTS.T54684A11173845.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/54684/11173845. Retrieved 15 November 2021.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Grandison, A. G. C.; Daniel, J. C. (1964). "Description of a new species of toad (Anura: Bufonidae) from Satara district, Maharashtra, India". Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society 61: 192–194. https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/48072728#page/236/mode/1up.
- ↑ Frost, Darrel R. (2014). "Xanthophryne koynayensis (Soman, 1963)". Amphibian Species of the World: an Online Reference. Version 6.0. American Museum of Natural History. http://research.amnh.org/vz/herpetology/amphibia/Amphibia/Anura/Bufonidae/Xanthophryne/Xanthophryne-koynayensis.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 Biju, S.D.; Van Bocxlaer, Ines; Giri, Varad B.; Loader, Simon P.; Bossuyt, Franky (2009). "Two new endemic genera and a new species of toad (Anura: Bufonidae) from the Western Ghats of India". BMC Research Notes 2: 241. doi:10.1186/1756-0500-2-241. PMID 19968866.
Wikidata ☰ Q1390810 entry
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