Chemistry:Pecilocin
Pecilocin (brand name Variotin) is a pyrrolidine anti-fungal.[1] It is produced by Paecilomyces varioti Bainer var. antibioticus and was first isolated by Setsuo Takeuchi in 1959.[2] Later, it was established that other fungi also produce this compound, which include Aspergillus candidus and Aspergillus montenegroi.[3]
Uses
Pecilocin is indicated for topical treatment of fungal infections of skin and its adnexa,[4] i.e.:
- skin mycoses (including tinea versicolor)
- onchomycosis
- scalp infections (e.g. tinea capitis)
Antifungal spectrum
Pecilocin is a fungistatic and has activity against genera Blastomyces, Cryptococcus, Epidermophyton, Microsporum and Trichophyton (with MIC less or equal to 0,25 μg/ml).[5] C. albicans is inherently resistant.
Adverse effects
Common adverse effects associated with pecilocin include: skin irritation (observed in 2-6.5% of patients), as well as contact dermatitis. Some patients might exhibit allergy to pecilocin.[6]
Biosynthesis
A radioactive carbon study of pecilocin biosynthetic pathway conducted by Nobuo Tanaka showed it is synthesised from acetic acid, glutamate and L-methionine.[5]
References
- ↑ "Pecilocin | C17H25NO3 | ChemSpider". http://www.chemspider.com/Chemical-Structure.4445371.html.
- ↑ "Studies on variotin, a new antifungal antibiotic. I. Preparations and properties of variotin". The Journal of Antibiotics 12: 195–200. September 1959. PMID 13855011.
- ↑ "Biocontrol Potential of Aspergillus Species Producing Antimicrobial Metabolites". Frontiers in Microbiology 12. 2021-12-23. doi:10.3389/fmicb.2021.804333. PMID 35003037.
- ↑ Leki współczesnej terapii (Wydanie XXII ed.). Warszawa: Medical Tribune Polska. 2019. ISBN 978-83-951310-6-6.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 (in en) Biosynthesis. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg. 1967. doi:10.1007/978-3-662-38441-1. ISBN 978-3-662-37650-8. https://link.springer.com/10.1007/978-3-662-38441-1.
- ↑ "Antifungal azoles and other antifungal drugs for topical use" (in en). Meyler's Side Effects of Drugs. Elsevier. 2016. pp. 602–605. doi:10.1016/b978-0-444-53717-1.00312-7. ISBN 978-0-444-53716-4. https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/B9780444537171003127. Retrieved 2025-02-08.
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